The Impact Of Welfare Reform On Immigrant Welfare Use

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Immigrants and Welfare

Author : Michael E. Fix
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610446224
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrants and Welfare by : Michael E. Fix

Download or read book Immigrants and Welfare written by Michael E. Fix and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lore of the immigrant who comes to the United States to take advantage of our welfare system has a long history in America's collective mythology, but it has little basis in fact. The so-called problem of immigrants on the dole was nonetheless a major concern of the 1996 welfare reform law, the impact of which is still playing out today. While legal immigrants continue to pay taxes and are eligible for the draft, welfare reform has severely limited their access to government supports in times of crisis. Edited by Michael Fix, Immigrants and Welfare rigorously assesses the welfare reform law, questions whether its immigrant provisions were ever really necessary, and examines its impact on legal immigrants' ability to integrate into American society. Immigrants and Welfare draws on fields from demography and law to developmental psychology. The first part of the volume probes the politics behind the welfare reform law, its legal underpinnings, and what it may mean for integration policy. Contributor Ron Haskins makes a case for welfare reform's ultimate success but cautions that excluding noncitizen children (future workers) from benefits today will inevitably have serious repercussions for the American economy down the road. Michael Wishnie describes the implications of the law for equal protection of immigrants under the U.S. Constitution. The second part of the book focuses on empirical research regarding immigrants' propensity to use benefits before the law passed, and immigrants' use and hardship levels afterwards. Jennifer Van Hook and Frank Bean analyze immigrants' benefit use before the law was passed in order to address the contested sociological theories that immigrants are inclined to welfare use and that it slows their assimilation. Randy Capps, Michael Fix, and Everett Henderson track trends before and after welfare reform in legal immigrants' use of the major federal benefit programs affected by the law. Leighton Ku looks specifically at trends in food stamps and Medicaid use among noncitizen children and adults and documents the declining health insurance coverage of noncitizen parents and children. Finally, Ariel Kalil and Danielle Crosby use longitudinal data from Chicago to examine the health of children in immigrant families that left welfare. Even though few states took the federal government's invitation with the 1996 welfare reform law to completely freeze legal immigrants out of the social safety net, many of the law's most far-reaching provisions remain in place and have significant implications for immigrants. Immigrants and Welfare takes a balanced look at the politics and history of immigrant access to safety-net supports and the ongoing impacts of welfare. Copublished with the Migration Policy Institute

The Impact of Welfare Reform on Immigrant Welfare Use

Author : George J. Borjas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Welfare Reform on Immigrant Welfare Use by : George J. Borjas

Download or read book The Impact of Welfare Reform on Immigrant Welfare Use written by George J. Borjas and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Immigrants, Welfare Reform, and the Poverty of Policy

Author : Philip Kretsedemas
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313051755
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrants, Welfare Reform, and the Poverty of Policy by : Philip Kretsedemas

Download or read book Immigrants, Welfare Reform, and the Poverty of Policy written by Philip Kretsedemas and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2004-04-30 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many respects, the United States remains a nation of immigrants. This is the first book length treatment of the impact of the 1996 welfare reform act on a wide range of immigrant groups in North America. Contributors to the book draw on ethnographic fieldwork, government data, and original survey research to show how welfare reform has reinforced socio-economic hardships for working poor immigrants. As the essays reveal, reform laws have increased the social isolation of poor immigrant households and discouraged large numbers of qualified immigrants from applying for health and welfare services. All of the articles highlight the importance of examining federal policy guidelines in conjunction with local enforcement policies, labor market dynamics, and immigrant attitudes toward government agencies.

Immigrants and Welfare

Author : Michael E. Fix
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 9780871543141
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrants and Welfare by : Michael E. Fix

The New Americans

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309063566
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Americans by : National Research Council

Download or read book The New Americans written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-11-14 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on one of the most controversial issues of the decade. It identifies the economic gains and losses from immigrationâ€"for the nation, states, and local areasâ€"and provides a foundation for public discussion and policymaking. Three key questions are explored: What is the influence of immigration on the overall economy, especially national and regional labor markets? What are the overall effects of immigration on federal, state, and local government budgets? What effects will immigration have on the future size and makeup of the nation's population over the next 50 years? The New Americans examines what immigrants gain by coming to the United States and what they contribute to the country, the skills of immigrants and those of native-born Americans, the experiences of immigrant women and other groups, and much more. It offers examples of how to measure the impact of immigration on government revenues and expendituresâ€"estimating one year's fiscal impact in California, New Jersey, and the United States and projecting the long-run fiscal effects on government revenues and expenditures. Also included is background information on immigration policies and practices and data on where immigrants come from, what they do in America, and how they will change the nation's social fabric in the decades to come.

Mothers Without Citizenship

Author : Lynn Fujiwara
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 0816650756
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Mothers Without Citizenship by : Lynn Fujiwara

Download or read book Mothers Without Citizenship written by Lynn Fujiwara and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August 1996 President Bill Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act that fulfilled his campaign promise to "end welfare as we know it," and one month later the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act passed, deepening restrictions on immigrant and welfare provisions. These acts harshly and disproportionately affected Asian immigrants who continue to experience the legacy of this legislation today. Lynn Fujiwara reveals a neglected aspect of the Asian immigrant story: the ill effects of welfare reform on Asian immigrant women and families. Mothers without Citizenship intertwines the issues of social and legal citizenship, arguing that these draconian measures redefined immigrants as outsiders whose lack of citizenship was used to deem them ineligible for public benefits. Fujiwara shows how these people are both a vulnerable, invisible group and active agents of change. At once astute policy analysis and insightful research, Mothers without Citizenship is a significant contribution to this country's immigration controversy, offering much-needed nuance to the discussion of the consequences of social policy on Asian immigrant communities and complicating debates solely focused around the politics of the border. Lynn Fujiwara is assistant professor in the Program of Women's and Gender Studies and the Department of Sociology at the University of Oregon.

The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309444454
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration finds that the long-term impact of immigration on the wages and employment of native-born workers overall is very small, and that any negative impacts are most likely to be found for prior immigrants or native-born high school dropouts. First-generation immigrants are more costly to governments than are the native-born, but the second generation are among the strongest fiscal and economic contributors in the U.S. This report concludes that immigration has an overall positive impact on long-run economic growth in the U.S. More than 40 million people living in the United States were born in other countries, and almost an equal number have at least one foreign-born parent. Together, the first generation (foreign-born) and second generation (children of the foreign-born) comprise almost one in four Americans. It comes as little surprise, then, that many U.S. residents view immigration as a major policy issue facing the nation. Not only does immigration affect the environment in which everyone lives, learns, and works, but it also interacts with nearly every policy area of concern, from jobs and the economy, education, and health care, to federal, state, and local government budgets. The changing patterns of immigration and the evolving consequences for American society, institutions, and the economy continue to fuel public policy debate that plays out at the national, state, and local levels. The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration assesses the impact of dynamic immigration processes on economic and fiscal outcomes for the United States, a major destination of world population movements. This report will be a fundamental resource for policy makers and law makers at the federal, state, and local levels but extends to the general public, nongovernmental organizations, the business community, educational institutions, and the research community.

Analyses of Contemporary Welfare Reform Issues

Author : Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. Welfare Reform Policy Research Project
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Analyses of Contemporary Welfare Reform Issues by : Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. Welfare Reform Policy Research Project

Download or read book Analyses of Contemporary Welfare Reform Issues written by Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. Welfare Reform Policy Research Project and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Immigrant and Native Responses to Welfare Reform

Author : Robert Kaestner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrant and Native Responses to Welfare Reform by : Robert Kaestner

Download or read book Immigrant and Native Responses to Welfare Reform written by Robert Kaestner and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the effect of federal welfare reform on the employment, hours of work and marriage rates of three groups of low-educated women: foreign-born citizens, foreign-born non-citizens and native-born citizens. Among non-citizens, we investigate whether the behavioral response to welfare reform differed by recency of immigration. Finally, because some states created programs to insure that all legal immigrants remained eligible for benefits under the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program and others did not, we compare the response of foreign-born non-citizens between these states to investigate whether the immigrant provisions of federal welfare reform legislation had a 'chilling' effect. The results suggest that welfare reform induced native-born citizens and foreign- born non-citizens to increase their employment and attachment to the labor market. TANF appears to have had a larger effect on the least educated native-born women and among foreign-born non-citizens, a larger effect on more recent arrivals. The 'chilling' hypothesis that has received so much attention in the popular press is not supported by our results. Finally, our estimates indicate that TANF had no effect on native- and foreign-born citizens' marriage decisions. TANF was associated with a decrease in the marriage rates of foreign-born non-citizens.

Immigrants Raising Citizens

Author : Hirokazu Yoshikawa
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610447077
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigrants Raising Citizens by : Hirokazu Yoshikawa

Download or read book Immigrants Raising Citizens written by Hirokazu Yoshikawa and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2011-03-11 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth look at the challenges undocumented immigrants face as they raise children in the U.S. There are now nearly four million children born in the United States who have undocumented immigrant parents. In the current debates around immigration reform, policymakers often view immigrants as an economic or labor market problem to be solved, but the issue has a very real human dimension. Immigrant parents without legal status are raising their citizen children under stressful work and financial conditions, with the constant threat of discovery and deportation that may narrow social contacts and limit participation in public programs that might benefit their children. Immigrants Raising Citizens offers a compelling description of the everyday experiences of these parents, their very young children, and the consequences these experiences have on their children's development. Immigrants Raising Citizens challenges conventional wisdom about undocumented immigrants, viewing them not as lawbreakers or victims, but as the parents of citizens whose adult productivity will be essential to the nation's future. The book's findings are based on data from a three-year study of 380 infants from Dominican, Mexican, Chinese, and African American families, which included in-depth interviews, in-home child assessments, and parent surveys. The book shows that undocumented parents share three sets of experiences that distinguish them from legal-status parents and may adversely influence their children's development: avoidance of programs and authorities, isolated social networks, and poor work conditions. Fearing deportation, undocumented parents often avoid accessing valuable resources that could help their children's development—such as access to public programs and agencies providing child care and food subsidies. At the same time, many of these parents are forced to interact with illegal entities such as smugglers or loan sharks out of financial necessity. Undocumented immigrants also tend to have fewer reliable social ties to assist with child care or share information on child-rearing. Compared to legal-status parents, undocumented parents experience significantly more exploitive work conditions, including long hours, inadequate pay and raises, few job benefits, and limited autonomy in job duties. These conditions can result in ongoing parental stress, economic hardship, and avoidance of center-based child care—which is directly correlated with early skill development in children. The result is poorly developed cognitive skills, recognizable in children as young as two years old, which can negatively impact their future school performance and, eventually, their job prospects. Immigrants Raising Citizens has important implications for immigration policy, labor law enforcement, and the structure of community services for immigrant families. In addition to low income and educational levels, undocumented parents experience hardships due to their status that have potentially lifelong consequences for their children. With nothing less than the future contributions of these children at stake, the book presents a rigorous and sobering argument that the price for ignoring this reality may be too high to pay.

Immigration and Immigrants

Author : Michael Fix
Publisher : Urban Institute Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Immigration and Immigrants by : Michael Fix

Download or read book Immigration and Immigrants written by Michael Fix and published by Urban Institute Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality

Author : David Card
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448049
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality by : David Card

Download or read book Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality written by David Card and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid rise in the proportion of foreign-born residents in the United States since the mid-1960s is one of the most important demographic events of the past fifty years. The increase in immigration, especially among the less-skilled and less-educated, has prompted fears that the newcomers may have depressed the wages and employment of the native-born, burdened state and local budgets, and slowed the U.S. economy as a whole. Would the poverty rate be lower in the absence of immigration? How does the undocumented status of an increasing segment of the foreign-born population impact wages in the United States? In Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality, noted labor economists David Card and Steven Raphael and an interdisciplinary team of scholars provide a comprehensive assessment of the costs and benefits of the latest era of immigration to the United States Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality rigorously explores shifts in population trends, labor market competition, and socioeconomic segregation to investigate how the recent rise in immigration affects economic disadvantage in the United States. Giovanni Peri analyzes the changing skill composition of immigrants to the United States over the past two decades to assess their impact on the labor market outcomes of native-born workers. Despite concerns over labor market competition, he shows that the overall effect has been benign for most native groups. Moreover, immigration appears to have had negligible impacts on native poverty rates. Ethan Lewis examines whether differences in English proficiency explain this lack of competition between immigrant and native-born workers. He finds that parallel Spanish-speaking labor markets emerge in areas where Spanish speakers are sufficiently numerous, thereby limiting the impact of immigration on the wages of native-born residents. While the increase in the number of immigrants may not necessarily hurt the job prospects of native-born workers, low-skilled migration appears to suppress the wages of immigrants themselves. Michael Stoll shows that linguistic isolation and residential crowding in specific metropolitan areas has contributed to high poverty rates among immigrants. Have these economic disadvantages among low-skilled immigrants increased their dependence on the U.S. social safety net? Marianne Bitler and Hilary Hoynes analyze the consequences of welfare reform, which limited eligibility for major cash assistance programs. Their analysis documents sizable declines in program participation for foreign-born families since the 1990s and suggests that the safety net has become less effective in lowering child poverty among immigrant households. As the debate over immigration reform reemerges on the national agenda, Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality provides a timely and authoritative review of the immigrant experience in the United States. With its wealth of data and intriguing hypotheses, the volume is an essential addition to the field of immigration studies. A Volume in the National Poverty Center Series on Poverty and Public Policy

Not Working

Author : Alejandra Marchevsky
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780814757109
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (571 download)

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Book Synopsis Not Working by : Alejandra Marchevsky

Download or read book Not Working written by Alejandra Marchevsky and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not Working chronicles the devastating effects of the 1996 welfare reform legislation that ended welfare as we know it. For those who now receive public assistance, “work” means pleading with supervisors for full-time hours, juggling ever-changing work schedules, and shuffling between dead-end jobs that leave one physically and psychically exhausted. Through vivid story-telling and pointed analysis, Not Working profiles the day-to-day struggles of Mexican immigrant women in the Los Angeles area, showing the increased vulnerability they face in the welfare office and labor market. The new “work first” policies now enacted impose time limits and mandate work requirements for those receiving public assistance, yet fail to offer real job training or needed childcare options, ultimately causing many families to fall deeper below the poverty line. Not Working shows that the new “welfare-to-work” regime has produced tremendous instability and insecurity for these women and their children. Moreover, the authors argue that the new politics of welfare enable greater infringements of rights and liberty for many of America's most vulnerable and constitute a crucial component of the broader assault on American citizenship. In short, the new welfare is not working.

Children of Immigrants

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309065453
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Children of Immigrants by : National Research Council

Download or read book Children of Immigrants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-12 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families. This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents.

Welfare Reform

Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Welfare Reform by : United States. General Accounting Office

Download or read book Welfare Reform written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Generation to Generation

Author : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309065615
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Generation to Generation by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

Download or read book From Generation to Generation written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-10-10 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrant children and youth are the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. However, relevant public policy is shaped less by informed discussion than by politicized contention over welfare reform and immigration limits. From Generation to Generation explores what we know about the development of white, black, Hispanic, and Asian children and youth from numerous countries of origin. Describing the status of immigrant children and youth as "severely understudied," the committee both draws on and supplements existing research to characterize the current status and outlook of immigrant children. The book discusses the many factorsâ€"family size, fluency in English, parent employment, acculturation, delivery of health and social services, and public policiesâ€"that shape the outlook for the lives of these children and youth. The committee makes recommendations for improved research and data collection designed to advance knowledge about these children and, as a result, their visibility in current policy debates.

Medicaid

Author : William J. Scanlon
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780788181399
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (813 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicaid by : William J. Scanlon

Download or read book Medicaid written by William J. Scanlon and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-07 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, 10.6 million children in the U.S. did not have health insurance. Congress committed more than $20 billion to fund state expansion of children's health insurance, but many uninsured children who are eligible for Medicaid are not enrolled. This report: (1) examines the demographic & socioeconomic characteristics of children who qualify for Medicaid, & identifies groups in which uninsured children are concentrated & to whom outreach efforts might be targeted; (2) determines the reasons why these children are not enrolled in Medicaid; & (3) identifies strategies that states & communities are using to increase enrollment.