The Impact Of Patent Protection On Health Care In India And The Uk A Comparative Analysis

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The Impact of Patent Protection on Health Care in India and the UK. A Comparative Analysis

Author : Priyanka Jain
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346103498
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Patent Protection on Health Care in India and the UK. A Comparative Analysis by : Priyanka Jain

Download or read book The Impact of Patent Protection on Health Care in India and the UK. A Comparative Analysis written by Priyanka Jain and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2017 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 1, Coventry University, language: English, abstract: This research undertakes a review of available studies to conduct a critical analysis of the impact of patent protection in developing health care innovations and further on public health in India and the UK. A patent is an intellectual property right that is granted to an inventor of a product, to exclude others from manufacturing, selling, importing an invention without the permission of the inventor. It is a social contract whereby the patentee is granted a monopoly over their invention, and in return society receives innovation. Therefore, it is an incentive scheme to benefit inventors and society as a whole. There are several laws which regulate Patents, such as patent protection, increasing the life of a patent, reducing patentability standards and extending patent protection to undesirable products increase monopolies. The patent owners gain exclusive rights in the form of patents or an exclusive license, thus leading to an increase in the cost of such products. In addition, the patent owners adopt strategies to extend the scope of patent gain additional patents which protect the underlying ingredient of the medicine. Many pharmaceutical products are protected by Patents. The generic drug manufacturers in the pharmaceutical industry are affected such laws, which in turn affects the price of medicines available to patients. This creates a problem of access to affordable means of healthcare and further affects public health. Finally, the research will provide recommendations such as a framework of price control model to ensure sufficient access to medicines, and other recommendation for future of the progressing patent system of both the countries.

The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

Author : Yaeko Mitsumori
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811067902
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry by : Yaeko Mitsumori

Download or read book The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry written by Yaeko Mitsumori and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes the impact of the revision of the Indian Patent Act (2005) on the Indian pharmaceutical industry, which has been achieving healthy growth over the past 30 to 40 years or more. As of 2005, the Indian pharmaceutical industry was ranked as No. 4 in the world in terms of volume and 15th in terms of value. WTO/TRIPS required India to revise its patent law, however, and to introduce product patents in the pharmaceutical field. Many not only in India but also in the world had argued that the local pharmaceutical industry could deteriorate once a strong patent law (such as a product patent) was introduced. However, the Indian pharmaceutical industry has continued to develop rapidly even after the revision of the patent law in 2005. This present study started with efforts to work out the reason the Indian pharmaceutical industry successfully expanded even after the introduction of product patents. The study found that a unique article (the so-called '3-d‘) inserted in the Patent Act 2005 might have played a role in diminishing or preventing a negative impact from the introduction of a strong patent system, such as a product patents. The study also considers that a change of the business model adopted by the Indian pharmaceutical industry might have contributed to diminishing the effect of the negative impact from the introduction of a strong patent law. This study also covers recent developments in India regarding intellectual property rights and the pharmaceutical industry. One is India’s very first compulsory license granted to an Indian pharmaceutical company, Natco, against the large German pharmaceutical firm Bayer; and the second is the Supreme Court decision on Novartis’ Gleevec. The study analyzes the fundamental problems that caused these two events: access to medicine and gaps in the concept of intellectual property in the pharmaceutical industry. As possible solutions to these fundamental issues, this book explores the ideas of voluntary licensing and tiered pricing.

India and the Patent Wars

Author : Murphy Halliburton
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501713981
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis India and the Patent Wars by : Murphy Halliburton

Download or read book India and the Patent Wars written by Murphy Halliburton and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: India and the Patent Wars contributes to an international debate over the costs of medicine and restrictions on access under stringent patent laws showing how activists and drug companies in low-income countries seize agency and exert influence over these processes. Murphy Halliburton contributes to analyses of globalization within the fields of anthropology, sociology, law, and public health by drawing on interviews and ethnographic work with pharmaceutical producers in India and the United States. India has been at the center of emerging controversies around patent rights related to pharmaceutical production and local medical knowledge. Halliburton shows that Big Pharma is not all-powerful, and that local activists and practitioners of ayurveda, India’s largest indigenous medical system, have been able to undermine the aspirations of multinational companies and the WTO. Halliburton traces how key drug prices have gone down, not up, in low-income countries under the new patent regime through partnerships between US- and India-based companies, but warns us to be aware of access to essential medicines in low- and middle-income countries going forward.

Intellectual Property and Health Technologies

Author : Joanna T. Brougher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146148202X
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Intellectual Property and Health Technologies by : Joanna T. Brougher

Download or read book Intellectual Property and Health Technologies written by Joanna T. Brougher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intellectual Property and Health Technologies Balancing Innovation and the Public's Health Joanna T. Brougher, Esq., MPH At first glance, ownership of intellectual property seems straightforward: the control over an invention or idea. But with the recent explosion of new scientific discoveries poised to transform public health and healthcare systems, costly and lengthy patent disputes threaten both to undermine the attempts to develop new medical technologies and to keep potentially life-saving treatments from patients who need them. Intellectual Property and Health Technologies grounds readers in patent law and explores how scientific research and enterprise are evolving in response. Geared specifically to the medical disciplines, it differentiates among forms of legal protection for inventors such as copyrights and patents, explains their limits, and argues for balance between competing forces of exclusivity and availability. Chapters delve into the major legal controversies concerning medical and biotechnologies in terms of pricing, markets, and especially the tension between innovation and access, including: The patent-eligibility of genes The patent-eligibility of medical process patents The rights and roles of universities and inventors The balancing of access, innovation, and profit in drug development The tension between biologics, small-molecule drugs, and their generic counterparts International patent law and access to medicine in the developing world As these issues continue to shape and define the debate, Intellectual Property and Health Technologies enables professionals and graduate students in public health, health policy, healthcare administration, and medicine to understand patent law and how it affects the development of medical technology and the delivery of medicine.

Innovation, Economic Development, and Intellectual Property in India and China

Author : Kung-Chung Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981138102X
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovation, Economic Development, and Intellectual Property in India and China by : Kung-Chung Liu

Download or read book Innovation, Economic Development, and Intellectual Property in India and China written by Kung-Chung Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book analyses intellectual property codification and innovation governance in the development of six key industries in India and China. These industries are reflective of the innovation and economic development of the two economies, or of vital importance to them: the IT Industry; the film industry; the pharmaceutical industry; plant varieties and food security; the automobile industry; and peer production and the sharing economy. The analysis extends beyond the domain of IP law, and includes economics and policy analysis. The overarching concern that cuts through all chapters is an inquiry into why certain industries have developed in one country and not in the other, including: the role that state innovation policy and/or IP policy played in such development; the nature of the state innovation policy/IP policy; and whether such policy has been causal, facilitating, crippling, co-relational, or simply irrelevant. The book asks what India and China can learn from each other, and whether there is any possibility of synergy. The book provides a real-life understanding of how IP laws interact with innovation and economic development in the six selected economic sectors in China and India. The reader can also draw lessons from the success or failure of these sectors.

Patents as Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge?

Author : Petra Ebermann
Publisher : Intersentia NV
ISBN 13 : 9781780680736
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Patents as Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge? by : Petra Ebermann

Download or read book Patents as Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge? written by Petra Ebermann and published by Intersentia NV. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The protection of traditional knowledge and the practices of local and indigenous groups have been discussed in various forums in recent times. International agreements - such as the Convention on Biological Diversity - address the importance of protecting traditional knowledge and practices, recognizing that this knowledge bears immense value in terms of its contribution to the conservation of biological diversity and its inputs to research and development in various fields. Experiences of the past - for example, the use of the Neem tree and the Turmeric plant - show that the benefits of traditional knowledge applications are allocated mainly to the follow-on developers and rarely to the original suppliers of the knowledge and practices. In the long term, this may result in restricted access to traditional knowledge to the detriment of social welfare. This book examines traditional knowledge protection in the area of traditional medical knowledge, which is often utilized in contemporary medicine and, consequently, is subject to patent protection. The book provides a comparative view of the current patent regimes in major economies - specifically the US and the EU - and the consequences of the application of these laws to traditional medical knowledge and follow-on innovation, as well as the impact on underlying economic principles and opposing interests. The economic analysis of law is used to evaluate the current situation by comparing the effects of adapted patent regimes to alternative liability regimes or contractual agreements. This comparative and interdisciplinary approach gives valuable insights and inputs for future discussion.

Private Patents and Public Health

Author : Ellen F. M. 't Hoen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789079700851
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Patents and Public Health by : Ellen F. M. 't Hoen

Download or read book Private Patents and Public Health written by Ellen F. M. 't Hoen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of people around the world do not have access to the medicines they need to treat disease or alleviate suffering. Strict patent regimes introduced following the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995 interfere with widespread access to medicines by creating monopolies that keep medicines prices well out of reach for many. 0The AIDS crisis in the late nineties brought access to medicines challenges to the public?s attention, when millions of people in developing countries died from an illness for which medicines existed, but were not available or affordable. Faced with an unprecedented health crisis ? 8,000 people dying daily ? the public health community launched an unprecedented global effort that eventually resulted in the large-scale availability of low-priced generic HIV medicines. 0But now, high prices of new medicines - for example, for cancer, tuberculosis and hepatitis C - are limiting access to treatment in low-, middle and high-income countries alike. Patent-based monopolies affect almost all medicines developed since 1995 in most countries, and global health policy is now at a critical juncture if the world is to avoid new access to medicines crises. 0This book discusses lessons learned from the HIV/AIDS crisis, and asks whether actions taken to extend access and save lives are exclusive to HIV or can be applied more broadly to new global access challenges.

Drugs, Patents and Policy

Author : Bryan Mercurio
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1316512347
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Drugs, Patents and Policy by : Bryan Mercurio

Download or read book Drugs, Patents and Policy written by Bryan Mercurio and published by . This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of Hong Kong's pharmaceutical patent law that will influence debate and inform public policy.

A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy

Author : Andreas Seiter
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821383872
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (838 download)

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Book Synopsis A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy by : Andreas Seiter

Download or read book A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy written by Andreas Seiter and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers policy makers a hands-on approach, tested in the World Bank’s field work in many countries, for developing policies that improve access to safe, effective medicines in health systems of low- and middle-income economies.

The Influence of the Pharmaceutical Industry

Author : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215024572
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (245 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of the Pharmaceutical Industry by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee

Download or read book The Influence of the Pharmaceutical Industry written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Health Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2005-04-26 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incorporating HC 1030-i to iii.

Medical Patent Law - the Challenges of Medical Treatment

Author : E. Ventose
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857938010
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Patent Law - the Challenges of Medical Treatment by : E. Ventose

Download or read book Medical Patent Law - the Challenges of Medical Treatment written by E. Ventose and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventose makes a fresh, lively and incredibly thorough contribution to the literature in this work. He canvasses the European, English and American authorities in a systematic, methodical and dare I say surgical manner. The book is a must read for practitioners, academics and students alike interested in patentable subject matter, public policy and medico-legal ethics. It will be a welcome addition to any legal collection. Emir Aly Crowne, University of Windsor, Barrister & Solicitor, Law Society of Upper Canada and Co-Founder and Co-Chair, Harold G. Fox Intellectual Property Moot Medical patents are a matter of life and death. Such patents have a critical impact upon patient care, medical research, and the administration of healthcare (and, indeed, are in part responsible for ballooning health care budgets). This comprehensive book by Eddy D. Ventose provides a systematic comparative analysis of medical patents. The work explores the historical taboo against patenting methods of human treatment; charts the spectrum of policy positions on medical patents, ranging from permissive to prohibitive; and examines contemporary battles over patenting methods of medical correlation in the Supreme Court of United States. Matthew Rimmer, The Australian National University College of Law and ACIPA, Australia This book provides a detailed and comparative examination of medical patent law and the issues at the heart of the medical treatment exclusion for therapeutic treatments, surgical treatments and diagnostic methods. It firsts considers the historical basis for exclusion and the development of law and policy in Europe, the United States and other commonwealth countries. The book goes on to provide a detailed analysis of the issues related to new medical technologies, such as gene therapy, dosage regimes, and medical diagnostics, in light of the medical treatment exclusion. Medical Patent Law will strongly appeal to patent agents and attorneys, solicitors and barristers working in patent and intellectual property law and medical law worldwide, as well as medical practitioners and healthcare professionals; scientists, researchers and managers in the chemicals, medical; pharmaceuticals and biotechnology industries. Postgraduates on LLM medical law and intellectual property courses and academics specializing in medical law or patent law, will also find much to interest them.

Cumulated Index Medicus

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1836 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade

Author : World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher : WIPO
ISBN 13 : 9280523082
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade by : World Intellectual Property Organization

Download or read book Promoting Access to Medical Technologies and Innovation - Intersections between Public Health, Intellectual Property and Trade written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2013 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.

Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World

Author : Monirul Azam
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783742313
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World by : Monirul Azam

Download or read book Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World written by Monirul Azam and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2016-05-30 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the world, developing countries are attempting to balance the international standards of intellectual property concerning pharmaceutical patents against the urgent need for accessible and affordable medicines. In this timely and necessary book, Monirul Azam examines the attempts of several developing countries to walk this fine line. He evaluates the experiences of Brazil, China, India, and South Africa for lessons to guide Bangladesh and developing nations everywhere. Azam's legal expertise, concern for public welfare, and compelling grasp of principal case studies make Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World a definitive work. The developing world is striving to meet the requirements of the World Trade Organization's TRIPS Agreement on intellectual property. This book sets out with lucidity and insight the background of the TRIPS Agreement and its implications for pharmaceutical patents, the consequences for developing countries, and the efforts of certain representative nations to comply with international stipulations while still maintaining local industry and public health. Azam then brings the weight of this research to bear on the particular case of Bangladesh, offering a number of specific policy recommendations for the Bangladeshi government—and for governments the world over. Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World is a must-read for public policy-makers, academics and students, non-governmental organizations, and readers everywhere who are interested in making sure that developing nations meet the health care needs of their people.

Affordable Excellence

Author : William A. Haseltine
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815724160
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Affordable Excellence by : William A. Haseltine

Download or read book Affordable Excellence written by William A. Haseltine and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Today Singapore ranks sixth in the world in healthcare outcomes well ahead of many developed countries, including the United States. The results are all the more significant as Singapore spends less on healthcare than any other high-income country, both as measured by fraction of the Gross Domestic Product spent on health and by costs per person. Singapore achieves these results at less than one-fourth the cost of healthcare in the United States and about half that of Western European countries. Government leaders, presidents and prime ministers, finance ministers and ministers of health, policymakers in congress and parliament, public health officials responsible for healthcare systems planning, finance and operations, as well as those working on healthcare issues in universities and think-tanks should know how this system works to achieve affordable excellence."--Publisher's website.

Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264480919
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (644 download)

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Book Synopsis Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators by : OECD

Download or read book Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health at a Glance provides a comprehensive set of indicators on population health and health system performance across OECD members and key emerging economies. This edition has a special focus on the health impact of COVID-19 in OECD countries, including deaths and illness caused by the virus, adverse effects on access and quality of care, and the growing burden of mental ill-health.

WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies

Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240011870
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by :

Download or read book WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.