The Functional Role Of Critical Dynamics In Neural Systems

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The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems

Author : Nergis Tomen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030209652
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems by : Nergis Tomen

Download or read book The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems written by Nergis Tomen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a timely overview of theories and methods developed by an authoritative group of researchers to understand the link between criticality and brain functioning. Cortical information processing in particular and brain function in general rely heavily on the collective dynamics of neurons and networks distributed over many brain areas. A key concept for characterizing and understanding brain dynamics is the idea that networks operate near a critical state, which offers several potential benefits for computation and information processing. However, there is still a large gap between research on criticality and understanding brain function. For example, cortical networks are not homogeneous but highly structured, they are not in a state of spontaneous activation but strongly driven by changing external stimuli, and they process information with respect to behavioral goals. So far the questions relating to how critical dynamics may support computation in this complex setting, and whether they can outperform other information processing schemes remain open. Based on the workshop “Dynamical Network States, Criticality and Cortical Function", held in March 2017 at the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies (HWK) in Delmenhorst, Germany, the book provides readers with extensive information on these topics, as well as tools and ideas to answer the above-mentioned questions. It is meant for physicists, computational and systems neuroscientists, and biologists.

The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030209667
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems by :

Download or read book The Functional Role of Critical Dynamics in Neural Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a timely overview of theories and methods developed by an authoritative group of researchers to understand the link between criticality and brain functioning. Cortical information processing in particular and brain function in general rely heavily on the collective dynamics of neurons and networks distributed over many brain areas. A key concept for characterizing and understanding brain dynamics is the idea that networks operate near a critical state, which offers several potential benefits for computation and information processing. However, there is still a large gap between research on criticality and understanding brain function. For example, cortical networks are not homogeneous but highly structured, they are not in a state of spontaneous activation but strongly driven by changing external stimuli, and they process information with respect to behavioral goals. So far the questions relating to how critical dynamics may support computation in this complex setting, and whether they can outperform other information processing schemes remain open. Based on the workshop "Dynamical Network States, Criticality and Cortical Function", held in March 2017 at the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies (HWK) in Delmenhorst, Germany, the book provides readers with extensive information on these topics, as well as tools and ideas to answer the above-mentioned questions. It is meant for physicists, computational and systems neuroscientists, and biologists.

Criticality in Neural Systems

Author : Dietmar Plenz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527651020
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Criticality in Neural Systems by : Dietmar Plenz

Download or read book Criticality in Neural Systems written by Dietmar Plenz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading authorities in the field review current experimental and theoretical knowledge on criticality and brain function. The book begins by summarizing experimental evidence for criticality and self-organized criticality in the brain. Subsequently, important breakthroughs in modeling of critical neuronal circuits and how to establish self-organized criticality in the brain are described. A milestone publication, defining upcoming directions of research in this new fi eld and set to become the primary source of information on the brain and criticality.

Criticality as a signature of healthy neural systems: multi-scale experimental and computational studies

Author : Paolo Massobrio
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195031
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Criticality as a signature of healthy neural systems: multi-scale experimental and computational studies by : Paolo Massobrio

Download or read book Criticality as a signature of healthy neural systems: multi-scale experimental and computational studies written by Paolo Massobrio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2003, when spontaneous activity in cortical slices was first found to follow scale-free statistical distributions in size and duration, increasing experimental evidences and theoretical models have been reported in the literature supporting the emergence of evidence of scale invariance in the cortex. Although strongly debated, such results refer to many different in vitro and in vivo preparations (awake monkeys, anesthetized rats and cats, in vitro slices and dissociated cultures), suggesting that power law distributions and scale free correlations are a very general and robust feature of cortical activity that has been conserved across species as specific substrate for information storage, transmission and processing. Equally important is that the features reminiscent of scale invariance and criticality are observed at scale spanning from the level of interacting arrays of neurons all the way up to correlations across the entire brain. Thus, if we accept that the brain operates near a critical point, little is known about the causes and/or consequences of a loss of criticality and its relation with brain diseases (e.g. epilepsy). The study of how pathogenetical mechanisms are related to the critical/non-critical behavior of neuronal networks would likely provide new insights into the cellular and synaptic determinants of the emergence of critical-like dynamics and structures in neural systems. At the same time, the relation between the impaired behavior and the disruption of criticality would help clarify its role in normal brain function. The main objective of this Research Topic is to investigate the emergence/disruption of the emergent critical-like states in healthy/impaired neural systems.

Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function

Author : Peter Århem
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814494488
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function by : Peter Århem

Download or read book Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function written by Peter Århem and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-06-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of this book is to raise and clear up the intriguing problems of noise and chaos in the nervous system. What functional role do fluctuations in neural systems play? Are there chaotic processes in the brain? What is the neural code, and how robust is it towards noise? Are there mechanisms that can control noise and chaos? The book provides an introduction to this new and hot field of research, and at the same time brings the reader to the forefront of scientific inquiry. It is intended primarily for biologists involved in theoretical treatment and for physicists with an interest in biology, but the overview character of the articles makes it also well suited for a broader readership. Contents:Disorder versus Order in Brain Function — An Introduction (P Århem et al.)A Primer on Noise and Chaos (C Blomberg)Molecular Background to Neural Fluctuations: An Introduction to Ion Channel Kinetics (P Århem)What Causes Ion Channel Proteins to Open and Close? (L Liebovitch & A Todorov)Noise in Neural Computation (D Smetters)Do Neurons Recognize Patterns or Rates? One Example (F Moss & H Braun)A Physicist's View of Brain Functioning: Coherence, Chaos, Pattern Formation, Noise (H Haken)Fluctuations in the Coordination Dynamics of Brain and Behavior (S Kelso)Brains Create Macroscopic Order from Microscopic Disorder by Neurodynamics in Perception (W Freeman)Some Randomness Benefits a Model of Hippocampal Function (W Levy & X-B Wu)Consciousness, Schemata and Language (R Cotterill) Readership: Graduate students, academics and research scientists in chaos/dynamical systems and neuroscience. Keywords:Determinism;Indeterminism;Stochastic Process;Fluctuations;Noise;Chaos;Neural Code;Neural Network;Neurodynamics;Ion Channel Kinetics

Oscillations in Neural Systems

Author : Daniel S. Levine
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135691908
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Oscillations in Neural Systems by : Daniel S. Levine

Download or read book Oscillations in Neural Systems written by Daniel S. Levine and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the fourth in a series based on conferences sponsored by the Metroplex Institute for Neural Dynamics (MIND), an interdisciplinary organization of Dallas-Fort Worth area neural network professionals in both academia and industry. This topic was chosen as the focus for this special issue because of the increasing interest by neuroscientists and psychologists in both rhythmic and chaotic activity patterns observed in the nervous system. Neither the mathematical structure of neural oscillations nor their functional significance is precisely understood. There are a great many open problems in both the structure and function of neural oscillations, whether rhythmic, chaotic, or a combination of the two, and many of these problems are dealt with in the chapters of this book.

Handbook of Brain Connectivity

Author : Viktor K. Jirsa
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540715126
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Brain Connectivity by : Viktor K. Jirsa

Download or read book Handbook of Brain Connectivity written by Viktor K. Jirsa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our contemporary understanding of brain function is deeply rooted in the ideas of the nonlinear dynamics of distributed networks. Cognition and motor coordination seem to arise from the interactions of local neuronal networks, which themselves are connected in large scales across the entire brain. The spatial architectures between various scales inevitably influence the dynamics of the brain and thereby its function. But how can we integrate brain connectivity amongst these structural and functional domains? Our Handbook provides an account of the current knowledge on the measurement, analysis and theory of the anatomical and functional connectivity of the brain. All contributors are leading experts in various fields concerning structural and functional brain connectivity. In the first part of the Handbook, the chapters focus on an introduction and discussion of the principles underlying connected neural systems. The second part introduces the currently available non-invasive technologies for measuring structural and functional connectivity in the brain. Part three provides an overview of the analysis techniques currently available and highlights new developments. Part four introduces the application and translation of the concepts of brain connectivity to behavior, cognition and the clinical domain.

The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models

Author : A. Ravishankar Rao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461407249
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models by : A. Ravishankar Rao

Download or read book The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models written by A. Ravishankar Rao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of effort in neural modeling is directed towards understanding the representation of information in various parts of the brain, such as cortical maps [6], and the paths along which sensory information is processed. Though the time domain is integral an integral aspect of the functioning of biological systems, it has proven very challenging to incorporate the time domain effectively in neural network models. A promising path that is being explored is to study the importance of synchronization in biological systems. Synchronization plays a critical role in the interactions between neurons in the brain, giving rise to perceptual phenomena, and explaining multiple effects such as visual contour integration, and the separation of superposed inputs. The purpose of this book is to provide a unified view of how the time domain can be effectively employed in neural network models. A first direction to consider is to deploy oscillators that model temporal firing patterns of a neuron or a group of neurons. There is a growing body of research on the use of oscillatory neural networks, and their ability to synchronize under the right conditions. Such networks of synchronizing elements have been shown to be effective in image processing and segmentation tasks, and also in solving the binding problem, which is of great significance in the field of neuroscience. The oscillatory neural models can be employed at multiple scales of abstraction, ranging from individual neurons, to groups of neurons using Wilson-Cowan modeling techniques and eventually to the behavior of entire brain regions as revealed in oscillations observed in EEG recordings. A second interesting direction to consider is to understand the effect of different neural network topologies on their ability to create the desired synchronization. A third direction of interest is the extraction of temporal signaling patterns from brain imaging data such as EEG and fMRI. Hence this Special Session is of emerging interest in the brain sciences, as imaging techniques are able to resolve sufficient temporal detail to provide an insight into how the time domain is deployed in cognitive function. The following broad topics will be covered in the book: Synchronization, phase-locking behavior, image processing, image segmentation, temporal pattern analysis, EEG analysis, fMRI analyis, network topology and synchronizability, cortical interactions involving synchronization, and oscillatory neural networks. This book will benefit readers interested in the topics of computational neuroscience, applying neural network models to understand brain function, extracting temporal information from brain imaging data, and emerging techniques for image segmentation using oscillatory networks

Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function

Author : Hans Liljenstrom
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789812813398
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function by : Hans Liljenstrom

Download or read book Disorder Versus Order in Brain Function written by Hans Liljenstrom and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of this book is to raise and clear up the intriguing problems of noise and chaos in the nervous system. What functional role do fluctuations in neural systems play? Are there chaotic processes in the brain? What is the neural code, and how robust is it towards noise? Are there mechanisms that can control noise and chaos? The book provides an introduction to this new and hot field of research, and at the same time brings the reader to the forefront of scientific inquiry. It is intended primarily for biologists involved in theoretical treatment and for physicists with an interest in biology, but the overview character of the articles makes it also well suited for a broader readership.

Invariants of Behavior

Author : Mario Negrello
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441988041
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Invariants of Behavior by : Mario Negrello

Download or read book Invariants of Behavior written by Mario Negrello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of the brain and behavior is illuminated with the discovery of invariances. Experimental brain research uncovers constancies amidst variation, with respect to interventions and transformations prescribed by experimental paradigms. Place cells, mirror neurons, event related potentials and areas differentially active in fMRI, all illustrate the pervasive role of invariances in neural systems in relation to their function.

Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness

Author : Leonid I. Perlovsky
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540732675
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness by : Leonid I. Perlovsky

Download or read book Neurodynamics of Cognition and Consciousness written by Leonid I. Perlovsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-26 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental evidence in humans and other mammalians indicates that complex neurodynamics is crucial for the emergence of higher-level intelligence. Dynamical neural systems with encoding in limit cycle and non-convergent attractors have gained increasing popularity in the past decade. The role of synchronization, desynchronization, and intermittent synchronization on cognition has been studied extensively by various authors, in particular by authors contributing to the present volume. This book addresses dynamical aspects of brain functions and cognition.

Bio-Inspired Information Pathways

Author : Martin Ziegler
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031367057
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Bio-Inspired Information Pathways by : Martin Ziegler

Download or read book Bio-Inspired Information Pathways written by Martin Ziegler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cortex and the Critical Point

Author : John M. Beggs
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262370352
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cortex and the Critical Point by : John M. Beggs

Download or read book The Cortex and the Critical Point written by John M. Beggs and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the cerebral cortex operates near a critical phase transition point for optimum performance. Individual neurons have limited computational powers, but when they work together, it is almost like magic. Firing synchronously and then breaking off to improvise by themselves, they can be paradoxically both independent and interdependent. This happens near the critical point: when neurons are poised between a phase where activity is damped and a phase where it is amplified, where information processing is optimized, and complex emergent activity patterns arise. The claim that neurons in the cortex work best when they operate near the critical point is known as the criticality hypothesis. In this book John Beggs—one of the pioneers of this hypothesis—offers an introduction to the critical point and its relevance to the brain. Drawing on recent experimental evidence, Beggs first explains the main ideas underlying the criticality hypotheses and emergent phenomena. He then discusses the critical point and its two main consequences—first, scale-free properties that confer optimum information processing; and second, universality, or the idea that complex emergent phenomena, like that seen near the critical point, can be explained by relatively simple models that are applicable across species and scale. Finally, Beggs considers future directions for the field, including research on homeostatic regulation, quasicriticality, and the expansion of the cortex and intelligence. An appendix provides technical material; many chapters include exercises that use freely available code and data sets.

Criticality in neural network behavior and its implications for computational processing in healthy and perturbed conditions

Author : Axel Sandvig
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832513247
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Criticality in neural network behavior and its implications for computational processing in healthy and perturbed conditions by : Axel Sandvig

Download or read book Criticality in neural network behavior and its implications for computational processing in healthy and perturbed conditions written by Axel Sandvig and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neural Organization

Author : Michael A. Arbib
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262011594
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Organization by : Michael A. Arbib

Download or read book Neural Organization written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Neural Organization, Arbib, Erdi, and Szentagothai integrate structural, functional, and dynamical approaches to the interaction of brain models and neurobiologcal experiments. Both structure-based "bottom-up" and function- based "top-down" models offer coherent concepts by which to evaluate the experimental data. The goal of this book is to point out the advantages of a multidisciplinary, multistrategied approach to the brain.Part I of Neural Organization provides a detailed introduction to each of the three areas of structure, function, and dynamics. Structure refers to the anatomical aspects of the brain and the relations between different brain regions. Function refers to skills and behaviors, which are explained by means of functional schemas and biologically based neural networks. Dynamics refers to the use of a mathematical framework to analyze the temporal change of neural activities and synaptic connectivities that underlie brain development and plasticity--in terms of both detailed single-cell models and large-scale network models.In part II, the authors show how their systematic approach can be used to analyze specific parts of the nervous system--the olfactory system, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia--as well as to integrate data from the study of brain regions, functional models, and the dynamics of neural networks. In conclusion, they offer a plan for the use of their methods in the development of cognitive neuroscience."

The Ecological Brain

Author : Luis H. H. Favela
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003830404
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecological Brain by : Luis H. H. Favela

Download or read book The Ecological Brain written by Luis H. H. Favela and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ecological Brain is the first book of its kind, using complexity science to integrate the seemingly disparate fields of ecological psychology and neuroscience. The book develops a unique framework for unifying investigations and explanations of mind that span brain, body, and environment: the NeuroEcological Nexus Theory (NExT). Beginning with an introduction to the history of the fields, the author provides an assessment of why ecological psychology and neuroscience are commonly viewed as irreconcilable methods for investigating and explaining cognition, intelligent behavior, and the systems that realize them. The book then progresses to its central aim: presenting a unified investigative and explanatory framework offering concepts, methods, and theories applicable across neural and ecological scales of investigation. By combining the core principles of ecological psychology, neural population dynamics, and synergetics under a unified complexity science approach, NExT offers a compressive investigative framework to explain and understand neural, bodily, and environmental contributions to perception-action and other forms of intelligent behavior and thought. The book progresses the conversation around the role of brains in ecological psychology, as well as bodies and environments in neuroscience. It is essential reading for all students of ecological psychology, perception, cognitive sciences, and neuroscience, as well as anyone interested in the history and philosophy of the brain/mind sciences and their state-of-the-art methods and theories.

Computation and Neural Systems

Author : Frank H. Eeckman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146153254X
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Computation and Neural Systems by : Frank H. Eeckman

Download or read book Computation and Neural Systems written by Frank H. Eeckman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational neuroscience is best defined by its focus on understanding the nervous systems as a computational device rather than by a particular experimental technique. Accordinlgy, while the majority of the papers in this book describe analysis and modeling efforts, other papers describe the results of new biological experiments explicitly placed in the context of computational issues. The distribution of subjects in Computation and Neural Systems reflects the current state of the field. In addition to the scientific results presented here, numerous papers also describe the ongoing technical developments that are critical for the continued growth of computational neuroscience. Computation and Neural Systems includes papers presented at the First Annual Computation and Neural Systems meeting held in San Francisco, CA, July 26--29, 1992.