The Frame Problem In Artificial Intelligence

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Solving the Frame Problem

Author : Murray Shanahan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262193849
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (938 download)

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Book Synopsis Solving the Frame Problem by : Murray Shanahan

Download or read book Solving the Frame Problem written by Murray Shanahan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1969, John McCarthy and Pat Hayes uncovered a problem that has haunted the field of artificial intelligence ever since--the frame problem. The problem arises when logic is used to describe the effects of actions and events. Put simply, it is the problem of representing what remains unchanged as a result of an action or event. Many researchers in artificial intelligence believe that its solution is vital to the realization of the field's goals. Solving the Frame Problem presents the various approaches to the frame problem that have been proposed over the years. The author presents the material chronologically--as an unfolding story rather than as a body of theory to be learned by rote. There are lessons to be learned even from the dead ends researchers have pursued, for they deepen our understanding of the issues surrounding the frame problem. In the book's concluding chapters, the author offers his own work on event calculus, which he claims comes very close to a complete solution to the frame problem. Artificial Intelligence series

The Robots Dilemma

Author : Zenon W. Pylyshyn
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Robots Dilemma by : Zenon W. Pylyshyn

Download or read book The Robots Dilemma written by Zenon W. Pylyshyn and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1987 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each of the chapters in this volume devotes considerable attention to defining and elaborating the notion of the frame problem-one of the hard problems of artificial intelligence. Not only do the chapters clarify the problems at hand, they shed light on the different approaches taken by those in artificial intelligence and by certain philosophers who have been concerned with related problems in their field. The book should therefore not be read merely as a discussion of the frame problem narrowly conceived, but also as a general analysis of what could be a major challenge to the design of computer systems exhibiting general intelligence.

The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence

Author : Frank M. Brown
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 1483214435
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence by : Frank M. Brown

Download or read book The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence written by Frank M. Brown and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of the 1987 Workshop focuses on the approaches, principles, and concepts related to the frame problem in artificial intelligence (AI). The selection first tackles the definition of the frame problem, circumscription approaches and criticisms, modal logic approaches, and syntactic consistency approaches. The text then takes a look at two frame problems, frame problem in AI, and the frame problem in AI histories, including frame problem defined, mathematical frame problem, commonsense frame problem, and the problems of qualification and extended prediction and their relation to the frame problem. The publication examines tense-logic-based mitigation of the frame problem, unframing the frame problem, a truth maintenance based approach to the frame problem, and qualification problem. Topics include possible worlds, qualification and possible worlds, epistemological issues, truth maintenance, contradiction handling, application of intensional logic, development and implementation of chronolog, and approaches to solving the frame problem. The selection is a dependable source of data for researchers interested in the frame problem.

Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science

Author : M.H. Bickhard
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444825207
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (448 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science by : M.H. Bickhard

Download or read book Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science written by M.H. Bickhard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-15 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on a conceptual flaw in contemporary artificial intelligence and cognitive science. Many people have discovered diverse manifestations and facets of this flaw, but the central conceptual impasse is at best only partially perceived. Its consequences, nevertheless, visit themselves as distortions and failures of multiple research projects - and make impossible the ultimate aspirations of the fields. The impasse concerns a presupposition concerning the nature of representation - that all representation has the nature of encodings: encodingism. Encodings certainly exist, but encodingism is at root logically incoherent; any programmatic research predicted on it is doomed too distortion and ultimate failure. The impasse and its consequences - and steps away from that impasse - are explored in a large number of projects and approaches. These include SOAR, CYC, PDP, situated cognition, subsumption architecture robotics, and the frame problems - a general survey of the current research in AI and Cognitive Science emerges. Interactivism, an alternative model of representation, is proposed and examined.

The Robots Dilemma Revisited

Author : Kenneth M. Ford
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Robots Dilemma Revisited by : Kenneth M. Ford

Download or read book The Robots Dilemma Revisited written by Kenneth M. Ford and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this book have evolved from talks originally presented at The First International Workshop on Human and Machine Cognition. Although the workshop took place in1989, the papers that appear here are more recent, completed some time after the workshop. They reflect both the spontaneous exchanges in that halcyon setting and the extensive review process.

Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence

Author : Michael R. Genesereth
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0128015543
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence by : Michael R. Genesereth

Download or read book Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence written by Michael R. Genesereth and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended both as a text for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, and as a key reference work for AI researchers and developers, Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence is a lucid, rigorous, and comprehensive account of the fundamentals of artificial intelligence from the standpoint of logic. The first section of the book introduces the logicist approach to AI--discussing the representation of declarative knowledge and featuring an introduction to the process of conceptualization, the syntax and semantics of predicate calculus, and the basics of other declarative representations such as frames and semantic nets. This section also provides a simple but powerful inference procedure, resolution, and shows how it can be used in a reasoning system. The next several chapters discuss nonmonotonic reasoning, induction, and reasoning under uncertainty, broadening the logical approach to deal with the inadequacies of strict logical deduction. The third section introduces modal operators that facilitate representing and reasoning about knowledge. This section also develops the process of writing predicate calculus sentences to the metalevel--to permit sentences about sentences and about reasoning processes. The final three chapters discuss the representation of knowledge about states and actions, planning, and intelligent system architecture. End-of-chapter bibliographic and historical comments provide background and point to other works of interest and research. Each chapter also contains numerous student exercises (with solutions provided in an appendix) to reinforce concepts and challenge the learner. A bibliography and index complete this comprehensive work.

Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning

Author : Matthew L. Ginsberg
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning by : Matthew L. Ginsberg

Download or read book Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Matthew L. Ginsberg and published by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. This book was released on 1987 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Boomeritis

Author : Ken Wilber
Publisher : Shambhala Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780834821798
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Boomeritis by : Ken Wilber

Download or read book Boomeritis written by Ken Wilber and published by Shambhala Publications. This book was released on 2003-09-09 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ken Wilber's latest book is a daring departure from his previous writings—a highly original work of fiction that combines brilliant scholarship with tongue-in-cheek storytelling to present the integral approach to human development that he expounded in more conventional terms in his recent A Theory of Everything. The story of a naïve young grad student in computer science and his quest for meaning in a fragmented world provides the setting in which Wilber contrasts the alienated "flatland" of scientific materialism with the integral vision, which embraces body, mind, soul, and spirit in self, culture, and nature. The book especially targets one of the most stubborn obstacles to realizing the integral vision: a disease of egocentrism and narcissism that Wilber calls "boomeritis" because it seems to plague the baby-boomer generation most of all. Through a series of sparkling seminar-lectures skillfully interwoven with the hero's misadventures in the realms of sex, drugs, and popular culture, all of the major tenets of extreme postmodernism are criticized—and exemplified—including the author's having a bad case of boomeritis himself. Parody, intellectual slapstick, and a mind-twisting surprise ending unite to produce a highly entertaining summary of the work of cutting-edge theorists in human development from around the world.

Artificial Intelligence

Author : John Haugeland
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262580953
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence by : John Haugeland

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence written by John Haugeland and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1989-01-06 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Machines who think—how utterly preposterous," huff beleaguered humanists, defending their dwindling turf. "Artificial Intelligence—it's here and about to surpass our own," crow techno-visionaries, proclaiming dominion. It's so simple and obvious, each side maintains, only a fanatic could disagree. Deciding where the truth lies between these two extremes is the main purpose of John Haugeland's marvelously lucid and witty book on what artificial intelligence is all about. Although presented entirely in non-technical terms, it neither oversimplifies the science nor evades the fundamental philosophical issues. Far from ducking the really hard questions, it takes them on, one by one. Artificial intelligence, Haugeland notes, is based on a very good idea, which might well be right, and just as well might not. That idea, the idea that human thinking and machine computing are "radically the same," provides the central theme for his illuminating and provocative book about this exciting new field. After a brief but revealing digression in intellectual history, Haugeland systematically tackles such basic questions as: What is a computer really? How can a physical object "mean" anything? What are the options for computational organization? and What structures have been proposed and tried as actual scientific models for intelligence? In a concluding chapter he takes up several outstanding problems and puzzles—including intelligence in action, imagery, feelings and personality—and their enigmatic prospects for solution.

Making AI Intelligible

Author : Herman Cappelen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192894722
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Making AI Intelligible by : Herman Cappelen

Download or read book Making AI Intelligible written by Herman Cappelen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can humans and artificial intelligences share concepts and communicate? One aim of Making AI Intelligible is to show that philosophical work on the metaphysics of meaning can help answer these questions. Cappelen and Dever use the externalist tradition in philosophy of to create models of how AIs and humans can understand each other. In doing so, they also show ways in which that philosophical tradition can be improved: our linguistic encounters with AIs revel that our theories of meaning have been excessively anthropocentric. The questions addressed in the book are not only theoretically interesting, but the answers have pressing practical implications. Many important decisions about human life are now influenced by AI. In giving that power to AI, we presuppose that AIs can track features of the world that we care about (e.g. creditworthiness, recidivism, cancer, and combatants.) If AIs can share our concepts, that will go some way towards justifying this reliance on AI. The book can be read as a proposal for how to take some first steps towards achieving interpretable AI. Making AI Intelligible is of interest to both philosophers of language and anyone who follows current events or interacts with AI systems. It illustrates how philosophy can help us understand and improve our interactions with AI.

Minds, Machines and Evolution

Author : Christopher Hookway
Publisher : CUP Archive
ISBN 13 : 9780521338288
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis Minds, Machines and Evolution by : Christopher Hookway

Download or read book Minds, Machines and Evolution written by Christopher Hookway and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1986-07-31 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Original essays written by philosophers and scientists and dealing with philosophical questions arising from work in evolutionary biology and artificial intelligence.

The FRAME Problem in Artificial Intelligence

Author : Frank M. Brown
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The FRAME Problem in Artificial Intelligence by : Frank M. Brown

Download or read book The FRAME Problem in Artificial Intelligence written by Frank M. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reasoning Agents in a Dynamic World

Author : Kenneth M. Ford
Publisher : JAI Press(NY)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasoning Agents in a Dynamic World by : Kenneth M. Ford

Download or read book Reasoning Agents in a Dynamic World written by Kenneth M. Ford and published by JAI Press(NY). This book was released on 1991 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Existential Cognition

Author : Ron McClamrock
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226556413
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (564 download)

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Book Synopsis Existential Cognition by : Ron McClamrock

Download or read book Existential Cognition written by Ron McClamrock and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-03-15 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the notion of the mind as information-processor—a kind of computational system—is widely accepted, many scientists and philosophers have assumed that this account of cognition shows that the mind's operations are characterizable independent of their relationship to the external world. Existential Cognition challenges the internalist view of mind, arguing that intelligence, thought, and action cannot be understood in isolation, but only in interaction with the outside world. Arguing that the mind is essentially embedded in the external world, Ron McClamrock provides a schema that allows cognitive scientists to address such long-standing problems in artificial intelligence as the "frame" problem and the issue of "bounded" rationality. Extending this schema to cover progress in other studies of behavior, including language, vision, and action, McClamrock reinterprets the importance of the organism/environment distinction. McClamrock also considers the broader philosophical question of the place of mind in the world, particularly with regard to questions of intentionality, subjectivity, and phenomenology. With implications for philosophy, cognitive and computer science, AI, and psychology, this book synthesizes state-of-the-art work in philosophy and cognitive science on how the mind interacts with the world to produce thoughts, ideas, and actions.

The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

Author : Brian Christian
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 039363583X
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values by : Brian Christian

Download or read book The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values written by Brian Christian and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A jaw-dropping exploration of everything that goes wrong when we build AI systems and the movement to fix them. Today’s “machine-learning” systems, trained by data, are so effective that we’ve invited them to see and hear for us—and to make decisions on our behalf. But alarm bells are ringing. Recent years have seen an eruption of concern as the field of machine learning advances. When the systems we attempt to teach will not, in the end, do what we want or what we expect, ethical and potentially existential risks emerge. Researchers call this the alignment problem. Systems cull résumés until, years later, we discover that they have inherent gender biases. Algorithms decide bail and parole—and appear to assess Black and White defendants differently. We can no longer assume that our mortgage application, or even our medical tests, will be seen by human eyes. And as autonomous vehicles share our streets, we are increasingly putting our lives in their hands. The mathematical and computational models driving these changes range in complexity from something that can fit on a spreadsheet to a complex system that might credibly be called “artificial intelligence.” They are steadily replacing both human judgment and explicitly programmed software. In best-selling author Brian Christian’s riveting account, we meet the alignment problem’s “first-responders,” and learn their ambitious plan to solve it before our hands are completely off the wheel. In a masterful blend of history and on-the ground reporting, Christian traces the explosive growth in the field of machine learning and surveys its current, sprawling frontier. Readers encounter a discipline finding its legs amid exhilarating and sometimes terrifying progress. Whether they—and we—succeed or fail in solving the alignment problem will be a defining human story. The Alignment Problem offers an unflinching reckoning with humanity’s biases and blind spots, our own unstated assumptions and often contradictory goals. A dazzlingly interdisciplinary work, it takes a hard look not only at our technology but at our culture—and finds a story by turns harrowing and hopeful.

Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence

Author : Vincent C. Müller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642316743
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence by : Vincent C. Müller

Download or read book Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence written by Vincent C. Müller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we make machines that think and act like humans or other natural intelligent agents? The answer to this question depends on how we see ourselves and how we see the machines in question. Classical AI and cognitive science had claimed that cognition is computation, and can thus be reproduced on other computing machines, possibly surpassing the abilities of human intelligence. This consensus has now come under threat and the agenda for the philosophy and theory of AI must be set anew, re-defining the relation between AI and Cognitive Science. We can re-claim the original vision of general AI from the technical AI disciplines; we can reject classical cognitive science and replace it with a new theory (e.g. embodied); or we can try to find new ways to approach AI, for example from neuroscience or from systems theory. To do this, we must go back to the basic questions on computing, cognition and ethics for AI. The 30 papers in this volume provide cutting-edge work from leading researchers that define where we stand and where we should go from here.

Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence 2017

Author : Vincent C. Müller
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319964488
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence 2017 by : Vincent C. Müller

Download or read book Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence 2017 written by Vincent C. Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on the results of the third edition of the premier conference in the field of philosophy of artificial intelligence, PT-AI 2017, held on November 4 - 5, 2017 at the University of Leeds, UK. It covers: advanced knowledge on key AI concepts, including complexity, computation, creativity, embodiment, representation and superintelligence; cutting-edge ethical issues, such as the AI impact on human dignity and society, responsibilities and rights of machines, as well as AI threats to humanity and AI safety; and cutting-edge developments in techniques to achieve AI, including machine learning, neural networks, dynamical systems. The book also discusses important applications of AI, including big data analytics, expert systems, cognitive architectures, and robotics. It offers a timely, yet very comprehensive snapshot of what is going on in the field of AI, especially at the interfaces between philosophy, cognitive science, ethics and computing.