The Effects Of Theta Burst Stimulation To The Occipital Cortex On Brain Biomarkers Measured By Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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The Effects of Theta Burst Stimulation to the Occipital Cortex on Brain Biomarkers Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Author : Karlene Sara Stoby
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Theta Burst Stimulation to the Occipital Cortex on Brain Biomarkers Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy by : Karlene Sara Stoby

Download or read book The Effects of Theta Burst Stimulation to the Occipital Cortex on Brain Biomarkers Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Karlene Sara Stoby and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a type of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), uses repeated high-frequency bursts to induce neural noise in the cortex. An intermittent TBS (iTBS) protocol is generally considered excitatory, while continuous TBS (cTBS) is generally considered inhibitory. TBS effects are highly variable and have been primarily studied in the primary motor cortex (M1). We investigated the effects of iTBS and cTBS to the primary visual cortex (V1) on occipital Glx (glutamate and glutamine composite) and GABA+ (gamma-aminobutyric acid and macromolecules composite) concentrations compared to sham stimulation. Thirty participants received a single session of individual stereotaxically-guided TBS to the V1. Participants received either cTBS, iTBS or sham TBS. GABA+ and Glx were measured at the stimulation site using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Baseline pre-TBS GABA+ and Glx levels were compared to those immediately post- and one hour post-TBS. The results show a trend for a decrease in GABA+ immediately following cTBS compared to one hour post-TBS and a trend for an increase in Glx immediately following iTBS compared to one hour-post TBS. There was also an increase in GABA+ from baseline to one hour-post TBS and a trend for an increase in GABA+ and Glx composite ratio levels following sham. Since there was a lack of systematic trends in the data, we suspect there is no relevant change from a single session of TBS to neurotransmitter levels in the V1. Perhaps, only repeated application of TBS may lead to substantial benefits. This indicates that a single session of TBS can be used safely in the laboratory without effects on neurotransmitter levels in the V1.

Theta-Burst Stimulation Over the Human Motor Cortex

Author : Lizbeth Cárdenas-Morales
Publisher : Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG
ISBN 13 : 9783838123028
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Theta-Burst Stimulation Over the Human Motor Cortex by : Lizbeth Cárdenas-Morales

Download or read book Theta-Burst Stimulation Over the Human Motor Cortex written by Lizbeth Cárdenas-Morales and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last years repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been used as a tool for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the mechanisms by which it exerts its effects and the modulation that it induces in the brain are not completely understood. This book offers an overview of a novel form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation called theta-burst applied over the human motor cortex. Molecular findings in animal models as well as clinical applications are described and discussed. Furthermore, it provides evidence for the modulation of neural activity induced by theta-burst by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during human motor activity. The data suggest that the combination of theta-burst and fMRI might be useful to monitor treatment effects, which may have clinical implications.

The Effect of Continous Theta Burst Stimulation of Human Brain Areas MT + and V1/V2 on Color and Motion Perception

Author : Shaleeza Kaderali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Continous Theta Burst Stimulation of Human Brain Areas MT + and V1/V2 on Color and Motion Perception by : Shaleeza Kaderali

Download or read book The Effect of Continous Theta Burst Stimulation of Human Brain Areas MT + and V1/V2 on Color and Motion Perception written by Shaleeza Kaderali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although aspects of the visual image such as color, motion, form, and depth appear perceptually integrated, many are processed separately in different, specialized areas of the brain. This study investigates the differential effects of repetitive TMS (cTBS) in areas hMT+ and V1/V2 on global motion in order to reveal their roles in isoluminant chromatic compared to achromatic motion processing. Additionally, this study compares the differential effect of stimulation on motion direction versus simple detection thresholds to determine whether they have different physiological origins, since a dissociation between these two types of threshold has been established psychophysically. The report of moving or stationary phosphenes was used to localize brain areas hMT+ and V1/V2, respectively. The coil-position within each area that elicited the strongest phosphene responses was targeted for disruption by cTBS, a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol. The vertex was used as a control for non-specific cTBS effects. Stimuli consisted of either isoluminant chromatic or achromatic random dot kinematograms (RDKs). Participants performed a motion discrimination task in which the direction of Gaussian blobs (left or right) was identified, and a simple detection task, in which the presence of a low contrast stimulus was detected regardless of motion. Thresholds were measured before and four times after cTBS stimulation within one hour to investigate the effects of cTBS on performance over time, as this has not yet been established for vision. Performances on the motion discrimination task for both achromatic and isoluminant chromatic stimuli were significantly impaired following cTBS of area hMT+. In comparison, no effect of cTBS on performance was seen for areas V1/V2 and vertex. Maximal effects occurred at 10-11 minutes after stimulation. One hour after stimulation, performance returned to baseline levels. No differential effects of cTBS between the three brain areas were observed for the detection task. This study firstly validated the use of cTBS as a tool to impair the function of area hMT+. In doing so, it provides additional evidence that area hMT+ is involved in the analysis of both achromatically as well as chromatically defined global motion. In conclusion, area hMT+ is contributing to chromatic motion seen at isoluminance. The results indicate a causal link between neural activity in area hMT+ and the perception of chromatic motion." --

In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy

Author : Robin A. de Graaf
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119382548
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy by : Robin A. de Graaf

Download or read book In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy written by Robin A. de Graaf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-11 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents basic concepts, experimental methodology and data acquisition, and processing standards of in vivo NMR spectroscopy This book covers, in detail, the technical and biophysical aspects of in vivo NMR techniques and includes novel developments in the field such as hyperpolarized NMR, dynamic 13C NMR, automated shimming, and parallel acquisitions. Most of the techniques are described from an educational point of view, yet it still retains the practical aspects appreciated by experimental NMR spectroscopists. In addition, each chapter concludes with a number of exercises designed to review, and often extend, the presented NMR principles and techniques. The third edition of In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Techniques has been updated to include experimental detail on the developing area of hyperpolarization; a description of the semi-LASER sequence, which is now a method of choice; updated chemical shift data, including the addition of 31P data; a troubleshooting section on common problems related to shimming, water suppression, and quantification; recent developments in data acquisition and processing standards; and MatLab scripts on the accompanying website for helping readers calculate radiofrequency pulses. Provide an educational explanation and overview of in vivo NMR, while maintaining the practical aspects appreciated by experimental NMR spectroscopists Features more experimental methodology than the previous edition End-of-chapter exercises that help drive home the principles and techniques and offer a more in-depth exploration of quantitative MR equations Designed to be used in conjunction with a teaching course on the subject In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Techniques, 3rd Edition is aimed at all those involved in fundamental and/or diagnostic in vivo NMR, ranging from people working in dedicated in vivo NMR institutes, to radiologists in hospitals, researchers in high-resolution NMR and MRI, and in areas such as neurology, physiology, chemistry, and medical biology.

Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders

Author : Joseph I. Tracy
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199965242
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders by : Joseph I. Tracy

Download or read book Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders written by Joseph I. Tracy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.

Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography

Author : Donald L. Schomer
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1451153155
Total Pages : 1308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography by : Donald L. Schomer

Download or read book Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography written by Donald L. Schomer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading reference on electroencephalography since 1982, Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography is now in its thoroughly updated Sixth Edition. An international group of experts provides comprehensive coverage of the neurophysiologic and technical aspects of EEG, evoked potentials, and magnetoencephalography, as well as the clinical applications of these studies in neonates, infants, children, adults, and older adults. This edition's new lead editor, Donald Schomer, MD, has updated the technical information and added a major new chapter on artifacts. Other highlights include complete coverage of EEG in the intensive care unit and new chapters on integrating other recording devices with EEG; transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation; EEG/TMS in evaluation of cognitive and mood disorders; and sleep in premature infants, children and adolescents, and the elderly. A companion website includes fully searchable text and image bank.

Brain Repair After Stroke

Author : Steven C. Cramer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139490656
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Repair After Stroke by : Steven C. Cramer

Download or read book Brain Repair After Stroke written by Steven C. Cramer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-28 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence identifies the possibility of restoring function to the damaged brain via exogenous therapies. One major target for these advances is stroke, where most patients can be left with significant disability. Treatments have the potential to improve the victim's quality of life significantly and reduce the time and expense of rehabilitation. Brain Repair After Stroke reviews the biology of spontaneous brain repair after stroke in animal models and in humans. Detailed chapters cover the many forms of therapy being explored to promote brain repair and consider clinical trial issues in this context. This book provides a summary of the neurobiology of innate and treatment-induced repair mechanisms after hypoxia and reviews the state of the art for human therapeutics in relation to promoting behavioral recovery after stroke. Essential reading for stroke physicians, neurologists, rehabilitation physicians and neuropsychologists.

Brain Disorders in Critical Illness

Author : Robert D. Stevens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107434424
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Disorders in Critical Illness by : Robert D. Stevens

Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.

Transcranial Brain Stimulation

Author : Carlo Miniussi
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439875715
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Transcranial Brain Stimulation by : Carlo Miniussi

Download or read book Transcranial Brain Stimulation written by Carlo Miniussi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), these non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been used to investigate the state of cortical excitability, and the excitability of the cortico-cortical and corticospinal pathways. In addition, these techniques have been found

Neuroimaging of Sleep and Sleep Disorders

Author : Eric Nofzinger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107018633
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroimaging of Sleep and Sleep Disorders by : Eric Nofzinger

Download or read book Neuroimaging of Sleep and Sleep Disorders written by Eric Nofzinger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date, superbly illustrated practical guide to the effective use of neuroimaging in the patient with sleep disorders. The only book to date to provide comprehensive coverage of this topic. A must for all healthcare workers interested in understanding the causes, consequences and treatment of sleep disorders.

Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Author : Evelyn J. Bromet
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107059690
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Evelyn J. Bromet

Download or read book Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Evelyn J. Bromet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic analysis of the rates, risk factors, consequences and global burden of trauma and PTSD across the globe.

Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity

Author : Christopher Cederroth
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889458962
Total Pages : 832 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity by : Christopher Cederroth

Download or read book Towards an Understanding of Tinnitus Heterogeneity written by Christopher Cederroth and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tinnitus is the perception of a sound when no external sound is present. The severity of tinnitus varies but it can be debilitating for many patients. With more than 100 million people with chronic tinnitus worldwide, tinnitus is a disorder of high prevalence. The increased knowledge in the neuroscience of tinnitus has led to the emergence of promising treatment approaches, but no uniformly effective treatment for tinnitus has been identified. The large patient heterogeneity is considered to be the major obstacle for the development of effective treatment strategies against tinnitus. This eBook provides an inter- and multi-disciplinary collection of tinnitus research with the aim to better understand tinnitus heterogeneity and improve therapeutic outcomes.

Oxford Handbook of Transcranial Stimulation

Author : Eric Wassermann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198568924
Total Pages : 773 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Transcranial Stimulation by : Eric Wassermann

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Transcranial Stimulation written by Eric Wassermann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcranial stimulation comprises an important set of techniques for investigating brain function, some of which promise to treat diseases. This book provides a review of the scientific and technical background required to understand transcranial stimulation, for neuroscientists, neurologists, and psychiatrists.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Author : Vincent Walsh
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262232286
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation by : Vincent Walsh

Download or read book Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation written by Vincent Walsh and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-06-06 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation to reversibly disrupt cortical functioning as a means of studying perceptual and cognitive functions.

Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation

Author : Andreas Horn
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128218622
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation by : Andreas Horn

Download or read book Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation written by Andreas Horn and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) covers this highly efficacious treatment option for movement disorders such as Parkinson’s Disease, Essential Tremor and Dystonia. The book examines its impact on distributed brain networks that span across the human brain in parallel with modern-day neuroimaging concepts and the connectomics of the brain. It asks several questions, including which cortical areas should DBS electrodes be connected in order to generate the highest possible clinical improvement? Which connections should be avoided? Could these connectomic insights be used to better understand the mechanism of action of DBS? How can they be transferred to individual patients, and more. This book is suitable for neuroscientists, neurologists and functional surgeons studying DBS. It provides practical advice on processing strategies and theoretical background, highlighting and reviewing the current state-of-the-art in connectomic surgery. Written to provide a "hands-on" approach for neuroscience graduate students, as well as medical personnel from the fields of neurology and neurosurgery Includes preprocessing strategies (such as co-registration, normalization, lead localization, VTA estimation and fiber-tracking approaches) Presents references (key articles, books and protocols) for additional detailed study Provides data analysis boxes in each chapter to help with data interpretation

An Essay on the Shaking Palsy

Author : James Parkinson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis An Essay on the Shaking Palsy by : James Parkinson

Download or read book An Essay on the Shaking Palsy written by James Parkinson and published by . This book was released on 1817 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care

Author : Basil F. Matta
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139499858
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care by : Basil F. Matta

Download or read book Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care written by Basil F. Matta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core Topics in Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care is an authoritative and practical clinical text that offers clear diagnostic and management guidance for a wide range of neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care problems. With coverage of every aspect of the discipline by outstanding world experts, this should be the first book to which practitioners turn for easily accessible and definitive advice. Initial sections cover relevant anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, intraoperative and critical care monitoring and neuroimaging. These are followed by detailed sections covering all aspects of neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care in both adult and pediatric patients. The final chapter discusses ethical and legal issues. Each chapter delivers a state-of-the art review of clinical practice, including outcome data when available. Enhanced throughout with numerous clinical photographs and line drawings, this practical and accessible text is key reading for trainee and consultant anesthetists and critical care specialists.