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Author : Miriam Elaine Sexton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (484 download)
Download or read book The Development of the Understanding of Causality in Infancy written by Miriam Elaine Sexton and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Anthony White
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317734904
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book The Understanding of Causation and the Production of Action written by Peter Anthony White and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is an attempt to trace out a line of development in the understanding of how things happen, from origins in infancy to mature forms in adulthood. There are two distinct but related ways in which people understand things as happening, denoted by the terms "causation" and "action". This book is concerned with both.; The central claim and organizing principle of the book is that, by the end of the second year of life, children have differentiated two core theories of how things happen. These theories deal with causation and action. The two theories have a common point of origin in the infant's experience of producing actions, but thereafter diverge, both in content and in realm of application. Once established, the core theories of causation and action never change, but form a permanent metaphysical underpinning on which subsequent developments in the understanding of how things happen are erected. The story of development is therefore largely the story of how further concepts become attached to integrated with the core theories. Although the developmental and adult literatures on causal understanding appear at first glance to have little in common, in fact this appearance is illusory, and the idea of two theories helps to bring the two literatures in contact with each other.; The book begins with a survey of the main philosophical ideas about causation and action. Following this, the possible origins of understanding in infancy are reviewed, and separate chapters then deal with the development of understanding of action and causation through childhood. This is then linked to the adult understanding of action and causation, and the literature on adult causal attribution and causal judgement is reviewed from this perspective.
Author : Albert Michotte
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315519038
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)
Download or read book The Perception of Causality written by Albert Michotte and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1963, this is a classic work on the psychology of perception. By means of suitable patterns on a partly concealed rotating disc Michotte was able to give the impression of objects in movement; and where certain conditions of speed, position, and time-interval were satisfied, his subjects received the impression of a causal interaction between two objects – for example, the impression that one object has ‘bumped into’ another (the ‘Launching Effect’) or is carrying it along (the ‘Entraining Effect’). In a further group of experiments Michotte studies the conditions in which moving objects look as though they are alive. A large number of experiments are described, and on the basis of them Michotte formulates a theory as to the conditions in which causal impressions occur. He also compares his own views on causality with those of Hume, Maine de Biran, and Piaget.
Author : Alison Gopnik
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190208260
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Causal Learning written by Alison Gopnik and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our capacities for planning, imagination and inference. During the last few years, there has been an interdisciplinary revolution in our understanding of learning and reasoning: Researchers in philosophy, psychology, and computation have discovered new mechanisms for learning the causal structure of the world. This new work provides a rigorous, formal basis for theory theories of concepts and cognitive development, and moreover, the causal learning mechanisms it has uncovered go dramatically beyond the traditional mechanisms of both nativist theories, such as modularity theories, and empiricist ones, such as association or connectionism.
Author : Jean Piaget
Publisher : W. W. Norton
ISBN 13 : 9780393011104
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Understanding Causality written by Jean Piaget and published by W. W. Norton. This book was released on 1974 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jean Piaget
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415209984
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (99 download)
Download or read book The Child's Conception of Physical Causality written by Jean Piaget and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our encounters with the physical world are filled with miraculous puzzles-wind appears from somewhere, heavy objects (like oil tankers) float on oceans, yet smaller objects go to the bottom of our water-filled buckets. As adults, instead of confronting a whole world, we are reduced to driving from one parking garage to another. The Child's Conception of Physical Causality, part of the very beginning of the ground-breaking work of the Swiss naturalist Jean Piaget, is filled with creative experimental ideas for probing the most sophisticated ways of thinking in children. The strength of Piaget's research is evident in this collection of empirical data, systematically organized by tasks that illuminate how things work. Piaget's data are remarkably rich. In his new introduction, Jaan Valsiner observes that Piaget had no grand theoretical aims, yet the book's simple power cannot be ignored. Piaget's great contribution to developmental psychology was his "clinical method"-a tactic that integrated relevant aspects of naturalistic experiment, interview, and observation. Through this systematic inquiry, we gain insight into children's thinking. Reading Piaget will encourage the contemporary reader to think about the unity of psychological phenomena and their theoretical underpinnings. His wealth of creative experimental ideas probes into the most sophisticated ways of thinking in children. Technologies change, yet the creative curiosity of children remains basically unhindered by the consumer society. Piaget's data preserve the reality of the original phenomena. As such, this work will provide a wealth of information for developmental psychologists and those involved in the field of experimental science. Jean Piaget (1896-1980) is known for investigations of thought processes. He was professor at Geneva University (1929-1954) and director of the International Center for Epistemology (1955-1980). He is the author of The Language and Thought of the Child, Judgment and Reasoning in the Child, The Origin of Intelligence in Children, and The Early Growth of Logic in the Child. Jaan Valsiner is professor of psychology at Clark University, and a recognized authority on the life and work of Piaget.
Author : Jean Piaget
Publisher : W. W. Norton
ISBN 13 : 9780393008586
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Understanding Causality written by Jean Piaget and published by W. W. Norton. This book was released on 1977 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizing in broad outline the data accumulated from about a hundred studies on the essential points of causal explanation, this introduction (written with the collaboration of R. Garcia) defines the main problems posed by these data.
Author : Gerald Young
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 144199422X
Total Pages : 869 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Development and Causality written by Gerald Young and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 869 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets forth a new model of development from a causal perspective. As this is an area vital to several disciplines. It has been written at multiple levels and for multiple audiences. It is based on the work of Piaget and Neo-Piagetians, but also covers other major models in development. It has elements that make it attractive as a teaching text, but it is especially research-focused. It has clinical applications. It presents many new ideas and models consistent with the existing literature, which is reviewed extensively. Students, researchers, and practitioners should find it useful. The models presented in the present work build on models introduced in prior publications (e.g., Young, 1990a, 1990b; 1997).
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Author : Matthew Joseph Schlesinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Infants' Developing Knowledge of Causality written by Matthew Joseph Schlesinger and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Deena Skolnick Weisberg
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262044684
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Constructing Science written by Deena Skolnick Weisberg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of children’s causal reasoning capacities and how those capacities serve as the foundation of their scientific thinking. Young children have remarkable capacities for causal reasoning, which are part of the foundation of their scientific thinking abilities. In Constructing Science, Deena Weisberg and David Sobel trace the ways that young children’s sophisticated causal reasoning abilities combine with other cognitive, metacognitive, and social factors to develop into a more mature set of scientific thinking abilities. Conceptualizing scientific thinking as the suite of skills that allows people to generate hypotheses, solve problems, and explain aspects of the world, Weisberg and Sobel argue that understanding how this capacity develops can offer insights into how we can become a more scientifically literate society. Investigating the development of causal reasoning and how it sets the stage for scientific thinking in the elementary school years and beyond, Weisberg and Sobel outline a framework for understanding how children represent and learn causal knowledge and identify key variables that differ between causal reasoning and scientific thinking. They present empirical studies suggesting ways to bridge the gap between causal reasoning and scientific thinking, focusing on two factors: contextualization and metacognitive thinking abilities. Finally, they examine children’s explicit understanding of such concepts as science, learning, play, and teaching.
Author : Susan Carey
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317784634
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book The Epigenesis of Mind written by Susan Carey and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the focus of a Jean Piaget Symposium entitled Biology and Knowledge: Structural Constraints on Development, this volume presents many of the emergent themes discussed. Among these themes are: Structural constraints on cognitive development and learning come in many shapes and forms and involve appeal to more than one level of analysis. To postulate innate knowledge is not to deny that humans can acquire new concepts. It is unlikely that there is only one learning mechanism, even if one prefers to work with general as opposed to domain-specific mechanisms. The problems of induction with respect to concept acquisition are even harder than originally thought.
Author : Jacques Montangero University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135742723
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)
Download or read book Understanding Changes In Time written by Jacques Montangero University of Geneva, Switzerland. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an analysis of how children come to be able to understand the dynamic nature of causality - how processes take place through time. The author studies the capabilities and limitations of 7-12 year old children in order to assess their conception of evolutionary processes. His study follows on from Piaget's work on causality, and is intended to contribute to the literature on "theory of mind" and children's scientific development. The book draws on experimental studies of diachronic thinking in children and adults, and discusses the importance of a well-developed diachronic perspective for cognition.
Author : Michael Waldmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199399557
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning written by Michael Waldmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causal reasoning is one of our most central cognitive competencies, enabling us to adapt to our world. Causal knowledge allows us to predict future events, or diagnose the causes of observed facts. We plan actions and solve problems using knowledge about cause-effect relations. Without our ability to discover and empirically test causal theories, we would not have made progress in various empirical sciences. The handbook brings together the leading researchers in the field of causal reasoning and offers state-of-the-art presentations of theories and research. It provides introductions of competing theories of causal reasoning, and discusses its role in various cognitive functions and domains. The final section presents research from neighboring fields.
Author : Monique Laurendeau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258071424
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (714 download)
Download or read book Causal Thinking in the Child written by Monique Laurendeau and published by . This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alison Gopnik
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019803928X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)
Download or read book Causal Learning written by Alison Gopnik and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding causal structure is a central task of human cognition. Causal learning underpins the development of our concepts and categories, our intuitive theories, and our capacities for planning, imagination and inference. During the last few years, there has been an interdisciplinary revolution in our understanding of learning and reasoning: Researchers in philosophy, psychology, and computation have discovered new mechanisms for learning the causal structure of the world. This new work provides a rigorous, formal basis for theory theories of concepts and cognitive development, and moreover, the causal learning mechanisms it has uncovered go dramatically beyond the traditional mechanisms of both nativist theories, such as modularity theories, and empiricist ones, such as association or connectionism.
Author : Marjorie Taylor
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199909199
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Imagination written by Marjorie Taylor and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-02 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are widely celebrated for their imaginations, but developmental research on this topic has often been fragmented or narrowly focused on fantasy. However, there is growing appreciation for the role that imagination plays in cognitive and emotional development, as well as its link with children's understanding of the real world. With their imaginations, children mentally transcend time, place, and/or circumstance to think about what might have been, plan and anticipate the future, create fictional relationships and worlds, and consider alternatives to the actual experiences of their lives. The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Imagination provides a comprehensive overview of this broad new perspective by bringing together leading researchers whose findings are moving the study of imagination from the margins of mainstream psychology to a central role in current efforts to understand human thought. The topics covered include fantasy-reality distinctions, pretend play, magical thinking, narrative, anthropomorphism, counterfactual reasoning, mental time travel, creativity, paracosms, imaginary companions, imagination in non-human animals, the evolution of imagination, autism, dissociation, and the capacity to derive real life resilience from imaginative experiences. Many of the chapters include discussions of the educational, clinical, and legal implications of the research findings and special attention is given to suggestions for future research.
