The Dark Science Of Logical Fallacies

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The Dark Science of Logical Fallacies

Author : Kazi Khurram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781520876702
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dark Science of Logical Fallacies by : Kazi Khurram

Download or read book The Dark Science of Logical Fallacies written by Kazi Khurram and published by . This book was released on 2017-03-11 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 BEST SELLER IN AMAZON'S LOGIC CATEGORY.Brewing deep within the soul of so many rapid risers is The Dark Science of Logical Fallacies; secret, seemingly innocent hypnotic phrases that titans of industry, cult leaders, politicians and big media players leverage to suck you dry of your money, your freedom and your power to choose. Ignore these, and you'll lose. Know them, and opponents weapons of mental destruction lose their power over you--so you can reclaim your freedom to think, see through any erroneous argument, turn the table and move even the most adept persuasion master into your corner--in Just 30 Minutes. In fact,24 fallacious arguments transform you into a wizard of debate with SUBTLE & OBVIOUS EXAMPLES &5 memory anchors that systematically reprogram you to pull these powers of persuasion from your war chest--precisely when you need them most. So you can quickly, easily and naturally...* Persuade your friend or family member to leave their cult or vote for your candidate...* Talk people into believing in things that don't exist...(don't worry, it's all in fun, you'll know how to talk them out of it!)* Convince your bartender to give you free refills...or that hottie to give you her number...* And use this covert hypnosis against your boss so they give you that fat raise and promotion you deserve...and think it was his idea!It doesn't matter if you want to win any argument, get revenge against mental warlocks or simply use this to get paid more, this masters guide to logical fallacies guarantees you the power to defend, defeat & conquer ...Don't wait. Start unleashing these 24 logical fallacies the next time you need to get what you want. Just click the Buy Now button and transform yourself today.

Logical Fallacies

Author : B. J. Copeland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781695856172
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Fallacies by : B. J. Copeland

Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by B. J. Copeland and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical fallaciesWhat is a Logical Fallacy, Exactly?-------------------All logical fallacies(34)-Examples-Simple Explanation------------------------The word "fallacy" comes from the Latin "fallacia" which means "deception, deceit, trick, artifice," however, a more specific meaning in logic (a logical fallacy) that dates back to the 1550s means "false syllogism, invalid argumentation."An Error in ReasoningOne of the earliest academic discussions of logical fallacies comes from the book Elementary Lessons in Logic: Deductive and Inductive, published by MacMillian and Co. in 1872 where the modern definition of logical fallacies is used: "the modes in which, by neglecting the rules of logic, we often fall into erroneous reasoning." Today, this basic definition is still used, and often abbreviated to just "an error in reasoning." It is not a factual error.The Difference Between Logical Fallacies and Cognitive BiasesIn the early 1970s, two behavioral researchers, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky pioneered the field of behavioral economics through their work with cognitive biases and heuristics, which like logical fallacies, deal with errors in reasoning. The main difference, however, is that logical fallacies require an argument whereas cognitive biases and heuristics (mental shortcuts) refer to our default pattern of thinking. Sometimes there is crossover. Logical fallacies can be the result of a cognitive bias, but having biases (which we all do) does not mean that we have to commit logical fallacies. Consider the bandwagon effect, a cognitive bias that demonstrates the tendency to believe things because many other people believe them. This cognitive bias can be found in the logical fallacy, appeal to popularity.Everybody is doing X.Therefore, X must be the right thing to do.The cognitive bias is the main reason we commit this fallacy. However, if we just started working at a soup kitchen because all of our friends were working there, this wouldn't be a logical fallacy, although the bandwagon effect would be behind our behavior. The appeal to popularity is a fallacy because it applies to an argument.I would say that more often than not, cognitive biases do not lead to logical fallacies. This is because cognitive biases are largely unconscious processes that bypass reason, and the mere exercise of consciously evaluating an argument often causes us to counteract the bias.Factual Errors are Not Logical FallaciesTo illustrate this point, let's consider the availability heuristic, a cognitive bias that describes the tendency for one to overestimate the likelihood of more salient events, usually the result of how recent the memories are or how unusual or emotionally charged they may be. This bias can be demonstrated in believing that you are more likely to die in a plane crash than an automobile accident because of all the plane crashes you see in the news. As a result of this bias, one might argue: Plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents. Therefore, it is safer to drive in a car than fly in a plane.This is not fallacious; it's factually incorrect. If it were true that plane crashes kill more people than automobile accidents, the conclusion would be reasonable. The argument itself does not contain flawed reasoning; it contains incorrect information. While we can say the reasoning behind the argument was fallacious, there is no logical fallacy present in the argument. Similarly, if I told you that the sun was about 30 miles from the earth and the size of a football stadium, I would not be committing a fallacy-but I would be a moron. Factual errors are not fallacies........

Logically Fallacious

Author : Bo Bennett
Publisher : eBookIt.com
ISBN 13 : 1456607375
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (566 download)

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Book Synopsis Logically Fallacious by : Bo Bennett

Download or read book Logically Fallacious written by Bo Bennett and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2012-02-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to improve his or her reasoning skills. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime." - Bo Bennett This 2021 Edition includes dozens of more logical fallacies with many updated examples.

Fallacies

Author : Hans V. Hansen
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 027104294X
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Fallacies by : Hans V. Hansen

Download or read book Fallacies written by Hans V. Hansen and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1970, when Charles Hamblin issued a challenge for philosophers, logicians, and educators in general to begin work anew in fallacies, a serious literature on fallacies has indeed developed. Part of this literature deals with the theory of what fallacies are; another part of it contains rigorous analyses of particular fallacies. However, most is still not readily accessible to the researcher, teacher, or student of the field. As a result, the best work on fallacies is not finding its way into the classroom, nor is it informing the educational and intellectual experiences available to most college and university students. A major purpose of this book is to make the post-Hamblin work on fallacies available to a wider audience in a single, convenient volume. The editors have brought together for the first time the most important historical writings on fallacy theory, from Aristotle to John Stuart Mill, and the most recent and most important theoretical and pedagogical developments in the field since Hamblin's landmark 1970 book. All but a few of the essays included are new contributions for this anthology, and an extensive annotated bibliography is included for researchers and students of fallacies and fallacy theory.

Logical Fallacy Monsters

Author : Blique
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781973885481
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (854 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Fallacy Monsters by : Blique

Download or read book Logical Fallacy Monsters written by Blique and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-23 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logic seems like a simple thing. And yet, somehow, mistakes in logic happen all the time. But how do these mistakes, these "fallacies," happen? Maybe they are caused by a lack of knowledge. Maybe they are caused by a lack of critical thinking. Maybe they are caused by small monsters that live in people's heads, encouraging them to believe someone's lies, or maybe pick the easy, deceitful way to win a difficult argument. This book is about those monsters.

The Demon-Haunted World

Author : Carl Sagan
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 0307801047
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Demon-Haunted World by : Carl Sagan

Download or read book The Demon-Haunted World written by Carl Sagan and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A prescient warning of a future we now inhabit, where fake news stories and Internet conspiracy theories play to a disaffected American populace “A glorious book . . . A spirited defense of science . . . From the first page to the last, this book is a manifesto for clear thought.”—Los Angeles Times How can we make intelligent decisions about our increasingly technology-driven lives if we don’t understand the difference between the myths of pseudoscience and the testable hypotheses of science? Pulitzer Prize-winning author and distinguished astronomer Carl Sagan argues that scientific thinking is critical not only to the pursuit of truth but to the very well-being of our democratic institutions. Casting a wide net through history and culture, Sagan examines and authoritatively debunks such celebrated fallacies of the past as witchcraft, faith healing, demons, and UFOs. And yet, disturbingly, in today's so-called information age, pseudoscience is burgeoning with stories of alien abduction, channeling past lives, and communal hallucinations commanding growing attention and respect. As Sagan demonstrates with lucid eloquence, the siren song of unreason is not just a cultural wrong turn but a dangerous plunge into darkness that threatens our most basic freedoms. Praise for The Demon-Haunted World “Powerful . . . A stirring defense of informed rationality. . . Rich in surprising information and beautiful writing.”—The Washington Post Book World “Compelling.”—USA Today “A clear vision of what good science means and why it makes a difference. . . . A testimonial to the power of science and a warning of the dangers of unrestrained credulity.”—The Sciences “Passionate.”—San Francisco Examiner-Chronicle

An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense (Bad Arguments)

Author : Ali Almossawi
Publisher : The Experiment, LLC
ISBN 13 : 1615192263
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense (Bad Arguments) by : Ali Almossawi

Download or read book An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense (Bad Arguments) written by Ali Almossawi and published by The Experiment, LLC. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This short book makes you smarter than 99% of the population. . . . The concepts within it will increase your company’s ‘organizational intelligence.’. . . It’s more than just a must-read, it’s a ‘have-to-read-or-you’re-fired’ book.”—Geoffrey James, INC.com From the author of An Illustrated Book of Loaded Language, here’s the antidote to fuzzy thinking, with furry animals! Have you read (or stumbled into) one too many irrational online debates? Ali Almossawi certainly had, so he wrote An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments! This handy guide is here to bring the internet age a much-needed dose of old-school logic (really old-school, a la Aristotle). Here are cogent explanations of the straw man fallacy, the slippery slope argument, the ad hominem attack, and other common attempts at reasoning that actually fall short—plus a beautifully drawn menagerie of animals who (adorably) commit every logical faux pas. Rabbit thinks a strange light in the sky must be a UFO because no one can prove otherwise (the appeal to ignorance). And Lion doesn’t believe that gas emissions harm the planet because, if that were true, he wouldn’t like the result (the argument from consequences). Once you learn to recognize these abuses of reason, they start to crop up everywhere from congressional debate to YouTube comments—which makes this geek-chic book a must for anyone in the habit of holding opinions.

The Tuttle Twins Guide to Logical Fallacies

Author : Connor Boyack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781943521524
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tuttle Twins Guide to Logical Fallacies by : Connor Boyack

Download or read book The Tuttle Twins Guide to Logical Fallacies written by Connor Boyack and published by . This book was released on 2020-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a society where countless ideas are being shared, debated, and analyzed, it's more important than ever to sift out the good ones from among the bad ones. And when people you respect and trust use arguments that sound persuasive, how can you determine if they are correct? One of the most commonly used methods of spreading misinformation is the use of a logical fallacy--a bad argument that makes something seem truthful that actually might not be. These types of arguments are used repeatedly, and there are many different types. Fortunately, these logical fallacies can be learned, so they can be avoided. Armed with this information, you'll be equipped to understand when people are sharing an idea that is wrong or making a claim that isn't true. You'll become an expert debater by being able to point out a flaw in an opponent's argument. That makes this book dangerous--a guidebook for teenagers and young adults who want to explore the ins and outs of how to win arguments and point out problems in others' ideas. Use this book wisely! Fallacies included: The Strawman False Cause Appeal to Emotion Slippery Slope Ad Hominem Personal Incredulity Special Pleading Loaded Question Burden of Proof Ambiguity The Gambler The Bandwagon Appeal to Authority Composition & Division No True Scotsman Origins Black or White Begging the Question Appeal to Nature Anecdotal The Sharpshooter Middle Ground Tu Quoque The Fallacy Fallacy

Fatal Fallacies

Author : C.W. Griffin
Publisher : Trafford Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1490748997
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Fatal Fallacies by : C.W. Griffin

Download or read book Fatal Fallacies written by C.W. Griffin and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the unprecedented assault on science and logical thinking afflicting the U.S., the role of lies has been recognized, if not adequately, by the general media. Almost totally ignored, however, are the logical fallacies perpetrating ideological nonsense. Christian fundamentalists and Republican plutocrats have formed our first religiously based national political party, dedicated to lower taxes on the rich and imposition of a superstitious dictatorship by the busybodies. Led by Fox News and Rush Limbaugh, the worlds highest paid professional liar, the enemies of science and reason have deliberately accelerated the dumbing of America. Republican presidential candidates must reject climate science, and they cant unequivocally endorse the Theory of Evolution (which Theodore Roosevelt did 135 years ago). Enforced by determined Tea Party zealots, this process suppresses fact, endlessly repeats lies, and, more importantly, ignores logic. Every fallacy in the logic textbooks, buttressed by politically originated fallacies, is exploited to the fullest extent. These fallacies include the slippery slope, straw men, red herrings, reversing the burden of proof, vicious circles, language perversion, and single-entry bookkeeping, all united in rejection of science and perpetuation of free-lunch patriotism, supply-side economics, and other false ideologies.

Informal Logical Fallacies

Author : Jacob E. Van Vleet
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 : 0761854347
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (618 download)

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Book Synopsis Informal Logical Fallacies by : Jacob E. Van Vleet

Download or read book Informal Logical Fallacies written by Jacob E. Van Vleet and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical thinking is now needed more than ever. This accessible and engaging book provides the necessary tools to question and challenge the discourse that surrounds us —- whether in the media, the classroom, or everyday conversation. Additionally, it offers readers a deeper understanding of the foundations of analytical thought. Informal Logical Fallacies: A Brief Guide is a systematic and concise introduction to more than forty fallacies, from anthropomorphism and argumentum ad baculum, to reductionism and the slippery slope argument. With helpful definitions, relevant examples, and thought-provoking exercises, the author guides the reader through the realms of fallacious reasoning and deceptive rhetoric. This is an essential guide to philosophical reflection and clear thinking.

Pitfalls 2

Author : J. D. Camorlinga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780999361054
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Pitfalls 2 by : J. D. Camorlinga

Download or read book Pitfalls 2 written by J. D. Camorlinga and published by . This book was released on 2023-11-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simply put, a logical fallacy is an error in reasoning. Learning to identify and avoid logical pitfalls is an important part of learning to think and communicate well. Jesus said, "Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength" (Mark 12:30). Identifying bad reasoning can help us do that. It enables us to better discern and convey truth and protects us from errors. Pitfalls Volume 2 highlights even more ways fallacies fail to convey truth. Now, let's strengthen our minds!

Logical Fallacies

Author : Scott Lovell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781647483784
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Fallacies by : Scott Lovell

Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by Scott Lovell and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-18 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Everybody argues; not everybody knows how to argue." This phrase is incredibly accurate. You see, logical fallacies are everywhere. They can be used to manipulate people or turn an argument sour, derailing it from the get-go. This book will give you the tools to fight logical fallacies and make your arguments completely bulletproof logically.

Bad Arguments

Author : Robert Arp
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119167906
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Bad Arguments by : Robert Arp

Download or read book Bad Arguments written by Robert Arp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely and accessible guide to 100 of the most infamous logical fallacies in Western philosophy, helping readers avoid and detect false assumptions and faulty reasoning You’ll love this book or you’ll hate it. So, you’re either with us or against us. And if you’re against us then you hate books. No true intellectual would hate this book. Ever decide to avoid a restaurant because of one bad meal? Choose a product because a celebrity endorsed it? Or ignore what a politician says because she’s not a member of your party? For as long as people have been discussing, conversing, persuading, advocating, proselytizing, pontificating, or otherwise stating their case, their arguments have been vulnerable to false assumptions and faulty reasoning. Drawing upon a long history of logical falsehoods and philosophical flubs, Bad Arguments demonstrates how misguided arguments come to be, and what we can do to detect them in the rhetoric of others and avoid using them ourselves. Fallacies—or conclusions that don’t follow from their premise—are at the root of most bad arguments, but it can be easy to stumble into a fallacy without realizing it. In this clear and concise guide to good arguments gone bad, Robert Arp, Steven Barbone, and Michael Bruce take readers through 100 of the most infamous fallacies in Western philosophy, identifying the most common missteps, pitfalls, and dead-ends of arguments gone awry. Whether an instance of sunk costs, is ought, affirming the consequent, moving the goal post, begging the question, or the ever-popular slippery slope, each fallacy engages with examples drawn from contemporary politics, economics, media, and popular culture. Further diagrams and tables supplement entries and contextualize common errors in logical reasoning. At a time in our world when it is crucial to be able to identify and challenge rhetorical half-truths, this bookhelps readers to better understand flawed argumentation and develop logical literacy. Unrivaled in its breadth of coverage and a worthy companion to its sister volume Just the Arguments (2011), Bad Arguments is an essential tool for undergraduate students and general readers looking to hone their critical thinking and rhetorical skills.

Logical Fallacies

Author : Beverly Pearl
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781927974353
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Fallacies by : Beverly Pearl

Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by Beverly Pearl and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Logical Fallacies

Author : Josef Lamphere
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Fallacies by : Josef Lamphere

Download or read book Logical Fallacies written by Josef Lamphere and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2021-07-05 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A formal fallacy, deductive fallacy, logical fallacy, or non sequitur (Latin for "it does not follow") is a flaw in the structure of a deductive argument that renders the argument invalid. ... However, formal logic makes no such guarantee if any premise is false; the conclusion can be either true or false. This book includes: - Learn what a logical fallacy is - Learn the proper structure of a logical argument - Over 75 examples of common logical fallacies - Explanations of the fallacies, and the flaws in their logic - Examples that demonstrate the fallacies being used - Ways to counter these flawed arguments

The Logical Fallacy

Author : Edited by: Kisak
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781517533465
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logical Fallacy by : Edited by: Kisak

Download or read book The Logical Fallacy written by Edited by: Kisak and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-09-26 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In philosophy, a formal fallacy is a pattern of reasoning rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system, for example propositional logic. An argument that is formally fallacious is always considered wrong. A formal fallacy is contrasted with an informal fallacy, which may have a valid logical form and yet be unsound because one or more premises are false. The presence of a formal fallacy in a deductive argument does not imply anything about the argument's premises or its conclusion. Both may actually be true, or even more probable as a result of the argument, but the deductive argument is still invalid because the conclusion does not follow from the premises in the manner described. By extension, an argument can contain a formal fallacy even if the argument is not a deductive one; for instance an inductive argument that incorrectly applies principles of probability or causality can be said to commit a formal fallacy. "Fallacious arguments usually have the deceptive appearance of being good arguments." Recognizing fallacies in everyday arguments may be difficult since arguments are often embedded in rhetorical patterns that obscure the logical connections between statements. Informal fallacies may also exploit the emotional, intellectual, or psychological weaknesses of the audience. Having the capability to recognize fallacies in arguments is one way to reduce the likelihood of such occurrences. The understanding of and ability to recognize logical fallacies in arguments, dogma, ritual and dialogue are key to successful critical thinking skills. This book gives the tools to recognize fallacious dialogue which is essential to critical thinking skills used to embrace the rational.

Summary of Thinknetic's Conquer Logical Fallacies

Author : Everest Media,
Publisher : Everest Media LLC
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Summary of Thinknetic's Conquer Logical Fallacies by : Everest Media,

Download or read book Summary of Thinknetic's Conquer Logical Fallacies written by Everest Media, and published by Everest Media LLC. This book was released on 2022-06-10T22:59:00Z with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 Reasoning is the process of making sense. It is the science of correct reasoning, and some would call it a discipline of the mind. With study, observation, and practice, we can acquire that mental discipline to use logic to persuade and convince others effectively. #2 The law of non-contradiction states that contradictory propositions cannot be true at the same time and in the same sense. When two propositions can co-exist, they are not contradictory and do not violate the law of non-contradiction. #3 The fourth law is that for every unexplained fact, a rational mind will seek the reason behind it. A rational mind will not accept any reason that is not sufficient. In the example, the explanation must answer questions like: Why did the stranger want to sell it so quickly. Why at such a low price. #4 An appreciation of logic requires an understanding of the following concepts: claims, inference, and arguments. While proponents use arguments to persuade others, not all arguments are validly structured. Critical thinking is required to recognize and construct valid and sound arguments.