The Afar Volcanic Province Within The East African Rift System

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The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System

Author : G. Yirgu
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862391963
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System by : G. Yirgu

Download or read book The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System written by G. Yirgu and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2006 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seismically and volcanically active East African Rift System is an ideal laboratory for continental break-up processes: it encompasses all stages of rift development. Its northernmost sectors within the Afar volcanic province include failed rifts, nascent sea-floor spreading, and youthful passive continental margins associated with one or more mantle plumes. A number of models have been proposed to explain the success and failure of continental rift zones, but there remains no consensus on how strain localizes to achieve rupture of initially 125-250 km-thick plates, or on the interaction between the plates and asthenospheric processes. This collection of papers provides new structural, stratigraphic, geochemical and geophysical data and numerical models needed to resolve fundamental questions concerning continental break-up and mantle plume processes. The focus is on how mantle melt intrudes and is distributed through the plate, and how this magma intrusion process controls along-axis segmentation and facilitates break-up.

Rifts and Volcanoes

Author : Celia Nyamweru
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Rifts and Volcanoes by : Celia Nyamweru

Download or read book Rifts and Volcanoes written by Celia Nyamweru and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Geology of the Eastern Rift System of Africa

Author : Brian Howard Baker
Publisher : Geological Society of America
ISBN 13 : 0813721369
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Geology of the Eastern Rift System of Africa by : Brian Howard Baker

Download or read book Geology of the Eastern Rift System of Africa written by Brian Howard Baker and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 1972 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

East African Rifts

Author : R. W. Girdler
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483257150
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis East African Rifts by : R. W. Girdler

Download or read book East African Rifts written by R. W. Girdler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in Geotectonics, 7: East African Rifts focuses on the movements, structure, and behavior of the East African rift system. The selection first offers information on the surface structure and plate tectonics of Afar; tectonic and magmatic significance of volcanism in the Afar depression; and preliminary interpretation of the gravity field of Afar, northeast Ethiopia. Discussions focus on crustal models of Afar based on gravity and seismic data, tectonics, volcanism, geological setting, and crustal extension. The text also elaborates on the gravity survey of the central part of the Ethiopian Rift Valley and an aeromagnetic survey of the Afar triangle of Ethiopia. The book examines the arrangement and development of continental rift zones, East African rift development, and the seismicity of the East African rift system. Topics include earthquake mechanisms, seismicity, and the main categories of rift zones. The manuscript is a dependable reference for readers interested in the East African rifts.

Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications

Author : Alik Ismail-Zadeh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139916394
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications by : Alik Ismail-Zadeh

Download or read book Extreme Natural Hazards, Disaster Risks and Societal Implications written by Alik Ismail-Zadeh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique, interdisciplinary approach to disaster risk research, combining cutting-edge natural science and social science methodologies. Bringing together leading scientists, policy makers and practitioners from around the world, it presents the risks of global hazards such as volcanoes, seismic events, landslides, hurricanes, precipitation floods and space weather, and provides real-world hazard case studies from Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Pacific region. Avoiding complex mathematics, the authors provide insight into topics such as the vulnerability of society, disaster risk reduction policy, relations between disaster policy and climate change, adaptation to hazards, and (re)insurance approaches to extreme events. This is a key resource for academic researchers and graduate students in a wide range of disciplines linked to hazard and risk studies, including geophysics, volcanology, hydrology, atmospheric science, geomorphology, oceanography and remote sensing, and for professionals and policy makers working in disaster prevention and mitigation.

Geology of Afar (East Africa)

Author : Jacques Varet
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319869469
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (694 download)

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Book Synopsis Geology of Afar (East Africa) by : Jacques Varet

Download or read book Geology of Afar (East Africa) written by Jacques Varet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the geological knowledge accumulated on Afar in the last 60 years, demonstrating that it is, and will remain, a real “hot spot” for geological and geophysical research. It provides insights into the Earth processes along diverging plate boundaries, the study of both the continental and oceanic lithosphere and underlying asthenosphere, and margins and transitions including magmatic, volcanic, tectonic, sedimentary, hydrothermal and geodynamic processes. The Afar triangle is a geological depression that developed where the Gulf of Aden, Red Sea and East African Rift Valley meet. It is considered to be one of the Earth system’s most important mantle plumes. In 1967, when the first expedition was organized, there was little information on the geology of the area, and even geographic base maps were lacking. However, the first satellite photographs from the Apollo and Gemini space missions offered a complete picture of the Red Sea-Gulf of Aden region, providing a new vision of the Afar triangle. The book describes the unique geological features that make Afar the only place in the world where an oceanic plate boundary with all its successive steps of development can be observed in the open air. It also presents the Afar triangle as one of the cradles of first, now extinct hominids. The Middle Awash area contains sites of several fossil discoveries, such as the well-known Lucy. The hydrothermal processes in Afar provide conditions suitable for the study of the most primitive forms of life (archaebacterial) and it is also one of the few places where significant quantities of telluric energy are available at the surface for geothermal development. Further, the area has economically interesting mineral deposits and illustrates a number of current climate change issues. In addition to providing geological information, the book shows that Afar is an area where an individual human population developed with its own language and culture, and which adapted to the rugged landscape and extremely dry and hot climate. It is a valuable resource for scientists and students, and also serves the needs of the Afar nation, currently split in three different countries as a result of recent historical events.

Magmatic Rifting and Active Volcanism

Author : T.J. Wright
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862397295
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Magmatic Rifting and Active Volcanism by : T.J. Wright

Download or read book Magmatic Rifting and Active Volcanism written by T.J. Wright and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major rifting episode began in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia in September 2005. Over a ten-day period, c. 2.5 km3 of magma were intruded along a 60 km-long dyke separating the Arabian and Nubian plates. Over the next five years, a further 13 dyke intrusions caused continued extension, eruptions and seismicity. This activity led to a renewed international focus on the role of magmatism in rifting, with major international collaborative projects working in Afar and Ethiopia to study the ongoing activity and to place it in a broader context. This book brings together articles that explore the role of magmatism in rifting, from the initiation of continental break-up through to full seafloor spreading. We also explore the hazards related to rifting and the associated volcanism. This work has implications for our understanding of how continents break-up and the associated distribution of resources in rift basins and continental margins.

Geology of Afar (East Africa)

Author : Jacques Varet
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319608657
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Geology of Afar (East Africa) by : Jacques Varet

Download or read book Geology of Afar (East Africa) written by Jacques Varet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the geological knowledge accumulated on Afar in the last 60 years, demonstrating that it is, and will remain, a real “hot spot” for geological and geophysical research. It provides insights into the Earth processes along diverging plate boundaries, the study of both the continental and oceanic lithosphere and underlying asthenosphere, and margins and transitions including magmatic, volcanic, tectonic, sedimentary, hydrothermal and geodynamic processes. The Afar triangle is a geological depression that developed where the Gulf of Aden, Red Sea and East African Rift Valley meet. It is considered to be one of the Earth system’s most important mantle plumes. In 1967, when the first expedition was organized, there was little information on the geology of the area, and even geographic base maps were lacking. However, the first satellite photographs from the Apollo and Gemini space missions offered a complete picture of the Red Sea-Gulf of Aden region, providing a new vision of the Afar triangle. The book describes the unique geological features that make Afar the only place in the world where an oceanic plate boundary with all its successive steps of development can be observed in the open air. It also presents the Afar triangle as one of the cradles of first, now extinct hominids. The Middle Awash area contains sites of several fossil discoveries, such as the well-known Lucy. The hydrothermal processes in Afar provide conditions suitable for the study of the most primitive forms of life (archaebacterial) and it is also one of the few places where significant quantities of telluric energy are available at the surface for geothermal development. Further, the area has economically interesting mineral deposits and illustrates a number of current climate change issues. In addition to providing geological information, the book shows that Afar is an area where an individual human population developed with its own language and culture, and which adapted to the rugged landscape and extremely dry and hot climate. It is a valuable resource for scientists and students, and also serves the needs of the Afar nation, currently split in three different countries as a result of recent historical events.

Lithospheric Discontinuities

Author : Huaiyu Yuan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119249716
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Lithospheric Discontinuities by : Huaiyu Yuan

Download or read book Lithospheric Discontinuities written by Huaiyu Yuan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary update on continental plate tectonics and plate boundary discontinuities Understanding the origin and evolution of the continental crust continues to challenge Earth scientists. Lithospheric Discontinuities offers a multidisciplinary review of fine scale layering within the continental lithosphere to aid the interpretation of geologic layers. Once Earth scientists can accurately decipher the history, internal dynamics, and evolution of the continental lithosphere, we will have a clearer understanding of how the crust formed, how plate tectonics began, and how our continents became habitable. Volume highlights: Theories and observations of the current state of tectonic boundaries and discontinuities Contributions on field observations, laboratory experiments, and geodynamic predictions from leading experts in the field Mantle fabrics in response to various mantle deformation processes Insights on fluid distribution using geophysical observations, and thermal and viscosity constraints from dynamic modeling Discontinuities associated with lithosphere and lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary An integrated study of the evolving physical and chemical processes associated with lithosphere asthenosphere interaction Written for academic and researchgeoscientists, particularly in the field of tectonophysics, geophysicists, geodynamics, seismology, structural geology, environmental geology, and geoengineering, Lithospheric Discontinuities is a valuable resource that sheds light on the origin and evolution of plate interaction processes.

The Gregory Rift Valley and Neogene-recent Volcanoes of Northern Tanzania

Author : John Barry Dawson
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862392670
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gregory Rift Valley and Neogene-recent Volcanoes of Northern Tanzania by : John Barry Dawson

Download or read book The Gregory Rift Valley and Neogene-recent Volcanoes of Northern Tanzania written by John Barry Dawson and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2008 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure and volcanic activity of the northern Tanzania sector of the Gregory Rift Valley have hitherto been less well described than those in Ethiopia and Kenya. This book focuses on northern Tanzania where, although the volcanic area is smaller than those to the north, there are major features such as Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain on the African continent; Ngorongoro, one of the largest calderas on Earth; and Oldoinyo Lengai, the world's only active carbonatite volcano. Following an account of the discovery and early exploration of the rift valley, there are descriptions of the individual volcanoes. These are set within the context of the regional geology and geophysics of the rift valley, and in relation to the structural evolution of the rift and its associated sedimentary basins which include Olduvai, an important site in the history of human evolution The volume concludes with a discussion of the volcanism as related to the plume-related African Superswell.

Volcanism and Evolution of the African Lithosphere

Author : Luigi Beccaluva
Publisher : Geological Society of America
ISBN 13 : 0813724783
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanism and Evolution of the African Lithosphere by : Luigi Beccaluva

Download or read book Volcanism and Evolution of the African Lithosphere written by Luigi Beccaluva and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Geology of East Africa

Author : Thomas Schlüter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Geology of East Africa by : Thomas Schlüter

Download or read book Geology of East Africa written by Thomas Schlüter and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume on the Geology of East Africa provides a concise account of the multi-faceted regional geology and stratigraphy of East Africa, that is Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Much of the data presented, however, is highly relevant to the surrounding countries and regions as well. Professionals and students, intending to delve into the details of the geological history of that region will appreciate the present volume as a stepping-stone, paving the way to additional studies of the numerous references given in this work.

Regional Geology and Tectonics: Phanerozoic Rift Systems and Sedimentary Basins

Author : David G. Roberts
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444563636
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Geology and Tectonics: Phanerozoic Rift Systems and Sedimentary Basins by : David G. Roberts

Download or read book Regional Geology and Tectonics: Phanerozoic Rift Systems and Sedimentary Basins written by David G. Roberts and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert petroleum geologists David Roberts and Albert Bally bring you Regional Geology and Tectonics: Phanerozoic Rift Systems and Sedimentary Basins, volume two in a three-volume series covering Phanerozoic regional geology and tectonics. Experience in analyzing and assessing rifts—locations where the Earth’s outer shell and crust have been stretched over time by seismic activity—is critical for you as an exploration geologist in identifying Earth’s most lucrative hydrocarbon locations in which extraction is both efficient and safe. Vast compilations of related industry data present regional seismic lines and cross sections, and summaries of analogue and theoretical models are provided as an essential backdrop to the structure and stratigraphy of various geological settings. Named a 2013 Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association's Choice publication A practical reference for petroleum geologists that discusses the importance of rift systems and the structural evolution of the Earth Analyses of active rifts in East Africa, China, Siberia, the Gulf of Suez, and the Russian Arctic provide immediately implementable petroleum exploration applications in regions heavily targeted by oil & gas companies Presents overviews of sequence stratigraphy in rifts and structural controls on clastic and carbonate sedimentation—critical to the exact mapping of the most lucrative hydrocarbon locations by exploration geologists

The East African Rift System

Author : Athanas Simon Macheyeki
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323956432
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis The East African Rift System by : Athanas Simon Macheyeki

Download or read book The East African Rift System written by Athanas Simon Macheyeki and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The East African Rift System: Geodynamics and Natural Resource Potentials provides state-of-the-art knowledge and skills on how to explore, model, and extract the resources, using the East African Rift System (EARS) as a model. Each aspect to be discussed in the East African Rift System shall have its equivalent case study and readers interested in each rift of the world will find something connected or linked to his/her rift system of interest, be it a sub-chapter on earthquakes, geothermal energy models, etc. The East African Rift System: Geodynamics and Natural Resource Potentials also describes rifting models of all other known rifts (especially continental rifts) of the world such as the Basin and Range Province, Rio Grande (USA); Rhine Graben (France and Germany); the Tibetan Rohai (Tibet); the Shaanxi Bohai (China); Lake Baikal (Russia); North Island (Australia); and the Aegean Sea Rift (Turkey). Key aspects to be presented shall be: rift type, rift age, rift physical dimensions, geothermal gradient models, natural resources, and models of exploration. Connects the science of rift systems to their economic potentials using the East African Rift System as the prime example Includes discussions and case studies from rift systems around the world Features chapters dedicated to natural resources, such as mineral deposit types (Au, He, REE, U) and the basic principles of their exploration?

Soda Lakes of East Africa

Author : Michael Schagerl
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319286226
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Soda Lakes of East Africa by : Michael Schagerl

Download or read book Soda Lakes of East Africa written by Michael Schagerl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-16 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the alkaline-saline lakes of East Africa, which include the world-famous “flamingo lakes”. It covers the full range of issues, from the lakes’ origin and history, life in and around these unique water bodies, to utilization, threats and management considerations. The authors, all of whom are leading international experts, summarize research done so far, highlight new and important findings, and provide future outlooks. The book is divided into three main sections: “Genesis, physics and chemistry” tackles lake development and the astounding physico-chemistry of the lakes. “Organisms and ecology” presents information about the many lake inhabitants, their interactions and adaptations to the extreme living conditions. “Utilization, management and perspectives” addresses threats such as lake exploitation and pollution, but also considers potential uses. This book will be particularly relevant to researchers and lecturers in the field of limnology and aquatic ecology, but is also designed to attract all those interested in nature and life on our planet.

Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics

Author : Roberto Sulpizio
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889452778
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics by : Roberto Sulpizio

Download or read book Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics written by Roberto Sulpizio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, or tidal effects. The local stress can also change as response of magma influx from deeper reservoirs and an increase of the magma/gas pressure. The stress transfer may be of great importance in reawakening a dormant system. As an example, significant statistical correlation of large earthquakes and eruptions in time and space was suggested in many works. The interaction may be two-fold; where magma intrusions may change the stress at active faults and trigger earthquakes, while tectonic earthquakes may affect the magmatic system and change the eruption activity. The change in local tectonic stress has been claimed as trigger of large ignimbrite eruptions or for controlling the eruptive style of explosive eruptions. Sometimes volcano systems that are nested or closely located may become active in chorus; neighbouring volcanoes may interact in the sense that one volcano triggers its neighbouring volcano. However, although there is ample evidence of concurrence, the processes of interacting volcanoes and near- to far-field tectonic stress are not well understood. Some studies suggest that volcanic eruptions are triggered if compressive stress acts at the magma system and “squeezes” out magma. Other studies suggest that extensional stress fields facilitate magma rise and thus encourage eruptions, or that fluctuating compression and extension during the passing of seismic waves trigger eruptions. This research topic tries to address some of the important open questions in interaction between stress field and volcanic eruption, though both review papers and new contributions.

Landscapes and Landforms of Ethiopia

Author : Paolo Billi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401780269
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscapes and Landforms of Ethiopia by : Paolo Billi

Download or read book Landscapes and Landforms of Ethiopia written by Paolo Billi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a succinct but comprehensive presentation of key geomorphological locations and topics including information about geomorphological heritage and maps to visit the most important sites. Apart from often being remarkably scenic, landscapes reveal stories that often can be traced back in time tens of million years and include unique events. This is particularly true for Ethiopia where spectacular examples of different landforms are present. Its geomorphology varies from highlands, marked by high volcanoes and incised by deep river gorges, to the rift valley lakes endorheic systems and the below sea level lowlands with characteristic landscapes which are unique in the world. Landscapes and Landforms of Ethiopia highlights all these topics including essential information about geology and tectonic framework, past and present climate, hydrology, geographical regions and long-term geomorphological history. It is a highly informative book, providing insight for readers with an interest in geography and geomorphology.