Textile Dyes

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Natural Dyes for Textiles

Author : Padma Shree Vankar
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081018843
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Dyes for Textiles by : Padma Shree Vankar

Download or read book Natural Dyes for Textiles written by Padma Shree Vankar and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Dyes for Textiles: Sources, Chemistry and Applications is an in-depth guide to natural dyes, offering complete and practical coverage of the whole dyeing process from source selection to post-treatments. The book identifies plants with high dye content that are viable for commercial use, and provides valuable quantitative information regarding extraction and fastness properties, to aid dye selection. The book presents newer natural dyes in detail, according to their suitability for cotton fabrics, silk fabrics, and wool yarn, before describing the application of each dye. Extraction of plant parts for isolation of colorants, chromatographic techniques for separation, spectroscopic analysis of the isolated colorants, structure elucidation, biomordanting, pretreatments, and post-treatments, are also covered. Prepared by an expert author with many years of experience in researching and writing on natural textile dyes, this book is an important resource for academic researchers, post-graduate students, textile manufacturers, technicians, dye practitioners, and those involved in textile dye research and development. Written by an expert author with many years of experience in researching and writing on natural textile dyes Provides quantitative information about extraction and fastness properties that will be valuable to those involved in dye selection Offers complete and practical coverage of the whole dyeing process from source selection to post-treatments

Textile Dyes

Author : N. N. Mahapatra
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9385059602
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Textile Dyes by : N. N. Mahapatra

Download or read book Textile Dyes written by N. N. Mahapatra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textile Dyes has its each chapter simplified into the major classes of dyes. The author has dealt with the history, manufacturing, properties, identification, stripping, testing and application of dyes. The book is written in a very simple, lucid manner.

Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing

Author : M Clark
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857093975
Total Pages : 675 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing by : M Clark

Download or read book Handbook of Textile and Industrial Dyeing written by M Clark and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-25 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyeing is one of the most effective and popular methods used for colouring textiles and other materials. Dyes are employed in a variety of industries, from cosmetic production to the medical sector. The two volumes of the Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing provide a detailed review of the latest techniques and equipment used in the dyeing industry, as well as examining dyes and their application in a number of different industrial sectors.Volume 1 deals with the principles of dyeing and techniques used in the dyeing process, and looks at the different types of dyes currently available. Part one begins with a general introduction to dyeing, which is followed by chapters that examine various aspects of the dyeing process, from the pre-treatment of textiles to the machinery employed. Chapters in part two then review the main types of dyes used today, including disperse dyes, acid dyes, fluorescent dyes, and many others for a diverse range of applications.With its distinguished editor and contributions from some of the world’s leading authorities, the Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing is an essential reference for designers, colour technologists and product developers working in a variety of sectors, and will also be suitable for academic use. Examines dyeing and its application in a number of different industrial sectors Deals with the principles of dyeing and techniques used in the dyeing process, as well as types of dyes currently available Chapters review various dye types right through to modelling and predicting dye properties and the chemistry of dyeing

Environmental Aspects of Textile Dyeing

Author : R M Christie
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845693094
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Textile Dyeing by : R M Christie

Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Textile Dyeing written by R M Christie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textile dyes enhance our environment, bringing colour into our lives. The current range of dyes have been developed to withstand environmental effects, such as degradation by exposure to light and water. However, the industry involved with the application of dyes to textiles has a responsibility to ensure that potential for harm to the environment, for example through residues in waste-streams, and to the consumer is minimised. Written by an international team of contributors, this collection reviews current legislation and key technologies which make textile dyeing more efficient and environmentally friendly. The book begins by detailing European and US legislation relating to textile dyeing. Further chapters cover toxicology, environmentally responsible application of dyes and supercritical fluid textile dyeing. The book concludes with chapters on the reduction of pollution and minimisation of waste, the re-use of spent dyebath, chemical treatment of dye effluent and biotechnological treatment of dye effluent. Environmental aspects of textile dyeing is a standard reference source for manufacturers concerned with developing a sustainable industry. Crucial guide to minimising harmful effects on environment and the consumer Reviews current technologies and European and US legislation Essential for all textile manufacturers

Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment

Author : Wani, Khursheed Ahmad
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799803139
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment by : Wani, Khursheed Ahmad

Download or read book Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment written by Wani, Khursheed Ahmad and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As society has become increasingly concerned with the protection and preservation of the environment, many industries have been pushed to comply with new policies and social demands for more environmentally-friendly and sustainable practices and products. However, the textile dyeing industry remains a significant source of complex environmental issues with legislative requirements that often vary in detail and severity concerning the exposure and hazards of potentially harmful chemicals and other associated materials. It is vital that the industry sector involved in the application of dyes continues to be sensitive to potential adverse effects on the environment in its widest sense and respond accordingly. Impact of Textile Dyes on Public Health and the Environment is an essential reference source that focuses on the environmental impact and social responsibility of the dyeing industry. While highlighting topics such as toxicology, bleaching, and greenhouse gases, this publication is ideally designed for chemists, industrialists, non-governmental organization members, environmentalists, fashion designers, clothes manufacturers, scientists, academicians, researchers, students, and practitioners seeking current research on dyeing’s potentially adverse effects on the environment and strategic, effective responses.

Textile Dyes and Pigments

Author : Pintu Pandit
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119904919
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Textile Dyes and Pigments by : Pintu Pandit

Download or read book Textile Dyes and Pigments written by Pintu Pandit and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textile Dyes and Pigments The book covers the best possible innovation and advancement in dyes and pigments for application in textile materials. Green chemistry can be applied across the life cycle of a chemical-intensive product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Innovations to green approaches are required either by developing a whole new set of eco-friendly dyes and pigments or by developing and designing unique dyeing methods. Textile Dyes and Pigments: A Green Chemistry Approach is a response to the many industries currently using conventional textile dyeing and pigmentation methods that are looking for sustainable green chemical options. It describes the various organic and inorganic color pigments and recent developments in vat, reactive, disperse, acid, and azo dyes and their importance in the field of green chemistry. It also covers the various challenges, opportunities, approaches, techniques, marketing, and alternative procedures/sustainable routes involved in developing textile dyes and pigments with green practices. Moreover, the book addresses the structure, process, and the nitty-gritty of modern dyes and pigments in the textile and garment sectors. Audience The book will be of prime interest to researchers and industry manufacturers and engineers in dyes, pigments, textile processing technology, fiber technology, and textile chemistry. It will also be an invaluable reference guide to new scholars and industry personnel who wish to learn about green dyes and pigments and their relevant application processes.

Modern Technology of Textile Dyes & Pigments (2nd Revised Edition)

Author : H. Panda
Publisher : NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN 13 : 9381039712
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Technology of Textile Dyes & Pigments (2nd Revised Edition) by : H. Panda

Download or read book Modern Technology of Textile Dyes & Pigments (2nd Revised Edition) written by H. Panda and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyestuff sector is one of the core chemical industries in India. There are two types of colorants dyes and pigments. Dyes are soluble substances used to pass color to the substrate and find applications primarily in textiles and leather. Pigments are coloring materials, which are water insoluble. Key end-user industries of pigments include wood-coloring, stone, textiles, paints & coatings, food and metals. Pigment are usually manufactured as dry colorants and grounded into fine powder. The dyes market, meanwhile, largely depends upon the fortunes of its principal end-user, textiles, which account for about 70 percent of the total demand. Their importance has grown in almost every area of an economic activity. In the colorants market, Asia-Pacific accounts for the largest share. This region is one of the key markets for dyes and pigments production. In the Asia-Pacific, India and China are the important countries contributing towards the growth of colorants market. Rising consumer spending will drive increased demand for colorants in textiles. Increases in value demand will reflect the growing importance of expensive, higher value dyes and pigments that meet increasingly stringent performance standards. Growing demand for high-quality value-added pigments is one of the key factors expected to result in a spurt in growth. This book describes the various formulae, manufacturing processes and photographs of plant & machinery with supplier’s contact details. The major contents of the book are metal pigments, black pigments, inorganic colour pigments, organic colour pigments, extender pigments, white pigments, photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide pigment, azo pigments, bisazo pyridine pigments, high grade organic pigments, high temperature stable inorganic pigments, anti corrosive pigments, metals and metal ions in pigmentary systems, control of organic pigment dispersion properties, pigments for plastics, rubber & cosmetics, pigments for printing inks, vat dyes, reactive dyes, disperse dyes, direct dyes and sulphur dyes etc. It will be a standard reference book for professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and researching in this important area and others interested in the field of textile dyes & pigments.

Series on Emission Scenario Documents Use of Textile Dyes

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264945423
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Series on Emission Scenario Documents Use of Textile Dyes by : OECD

Download or read book Series on Emission Scenario Documents Use of Textile Dyes written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) provides information on the sources, use patterns, and potential release pathways of non-volatile chemicals used in textile dyes. The document focuses primarily on the application of dyes to fibers, yarns and fabrics by batch or continuous processes.

A Concise Guide on Textile Dyes, Pigments and Dye Intermediates with Textile Printing Technology

Author : Dr. H. Panda
Publisher : NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES
ISBN 13 : 9381039208
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis A Concise Guide on Textile Dyes, Pigments and Dye Intermediates with Textile Printing Technology by : Dr. H. Panda

Download or read book A Concise Guide on Textile Dyes, Pigments and Dye Intermediates with Textile Printing Technology written by Dr. H. Panda and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, only organic matter was available for making dyes. Today, there are numerous options and methods for the colorization of textiles. While todays methods capitalize on efficiency, there is question as to whether the use of chemicals is harmful to the environment. A reputation for harming the earth could be detrimental to a company in a society becoming more and more focused on the environment and its preservation. Today, with the invention of synthetic materials used in textiles, many new types of dyes have been developed and put into regular use. There are two basic ways to color textiles: dyes and pigments. Pigments are not a dye but rather resins mechanically bound to fibers. Dyes are divided into classes according to the types of fibers they are most compatible with. Textile printing is related to dyeing but, whereas in dyeing proper the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one color, in printing one or more colors are applied to it in certain parts only, and in sharply defined patterns.Dyes will yield the softest hand (the "hand" is the feel of the fabric) and maintain the fabric's luster but the process is expensive. Pigments are much more economical to use. Pigments are generally more lightfast, more colorfast, and give greater color control. Pigment technology has developed tremendously in the past 15 years. 85% of the textile printing in the World is pigment printing.This book contains manufacturing process and other related details about Azine dyes, Azoic dyes, Azo dyes, Thiazole dyes, Triphenylmethane dyes, scientific classification of Vat dyes, fluorination of dyes, different types of pigments, applications, usages of dyes and pigments, quality control and evaluation of pigments and many more. This book will serve as a guide to Textile Technologists, Scientists and existing as well as upcoming industries.

Eco-Friendly Textile Dyeing and Finishing

Author : Jamshed A Khan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781681173238
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (732 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco-Friendly Textile Dyeing and Finishing by : Jamshed A Khan

Download or read book Eco-Friendly Textile Dyeing and Finishing written by Jamshed A Khan and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Years of human ignorance has diminished our natural resources and aged our planet. Now, people are making an effort to change the way they are treating the planet. Being more environmentally conscious about the impact materials used for fashion have on our planet is one-way designers can reduce waste and help enable a better world. By going eco-friendly can be less harmful to our natural resources. Not all fashion is following this eco-friendly trend, but more designers are embracing the trend toward eco-fashion than ever before. If the entire fashion industry became eco-friendly, it would make a huge difference for future generations because the fashion industry employs over a billion people globally. There is need for eco-friendly wet processing that is sustainable and beneficial methods. Number of sustainable practices has been implemented by various textile processing industries such as Eco- friendly bleaching; Peroxide bleaching; Eco-friendly dyeing and Printing; Low impact dyes; Natural dyes; Azo Free dyes; Phthalates Free Printing. There are a variety of materials considered "environmentally-friendly" for a variety of reasons. The industry is desperately in the need of newer and very efficient dyeing/finishing and functional treatments of textiles. There is growing awareness and readiness to adapt new perspective on industrial upgradation of Cleaner Production Programme, such new technologies help enterprises achieve green production and cost reduction at the same time. Green Production has become necessary for enterprises under the upgrade and transformation policy. The book Eco-Friendly Textile Dyeing and Finishing covers topics in the area of sustainable practices in textile dyeing and finishing.

Nanohybrid Materials for Treatment of Textiles Dyes

Author : Akil Ahmad
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819939011
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanohybrid Materials for Treatment of Textiles Dyes by : Akil Ahmad

Download or read book Nanohybrid Materials for Treatment of Textiles Dyes written by Akil Ahmad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-23 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the various aspects of nanohybrid materials and its composites for their application in treatment of toxic textiles dyes for cleaning the environment especially water and wastewater. The book first looks into the various preparation and characterization techniques for nanohybrid materials. The replacement of other conventional materials with highly efficient (high surface area, pore size, and chemical and mechanical strength) nanohybrid materials and their application in the field of environmental purification through treatment of textile dyes is highlighted in the later part of the book. The book caters to students, researchers, and scientists who are working in the field of wastewater treatment for incorporating novel materials to remove toxic textile dyes from contaminated wastewater.

Textile Fibers, Dyes, Finishes, and Processes

Author : Howard L. Needles
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 9780815510765
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Textile Fibers, Dyes, Finishes, and Processes by : Howard L. Needles

Download or read book Textile Fibers, Dyes, Finishes, and Processes written by Howard L. Needles and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Textiles and the Skin

Author : Peter Elsner
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 380557438X
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Textiles and the Skin by : Peter Elsner

Download or read book Textiles and the Skin written by Peter Elsner and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely new textile technologies have recently been developed with the goal of giving additional functionality to garments. Textiles have been improved to protect against UV radiation and toxic gases or to enhance breathability. In addition, they may have integrated sensors to diagnose medical conditions or may be equipped with carrier molecules to absorb substances from the skin and release therapeutic compounds. At the same time, the awareness of unwanted effects clothing may have on human health has increased. This volume familiarizes the dermatologist, allergologist and occupational physician with what he should know about textiles, and, on the other hand, the textile or chemical engineer with what he should know about the human skin. Further, it is divided into two parts the first of which discusses the functionality of textiles also in medicine, for instance in the prevention of skin infections or wound healing. The last part deals with allergic contact and irritant dermatitis and the risks of possible exposure to hazardous chemical residues in textiles. For the first time the knowledge of textile engineers and dermatologists has been brought together to stimulate a promising interchange.

Eco-Sustainable Bioremediation of Textile Dye Wastewaters: Innovative Microbial Treatment Technologies and Mechanistic Insights of Textile Dye Biodegradation

Download Eco-Sustainable Bioremediation of Textile Dye Wastewaters: Innovative Microbial Treatment Technologies and Mechanistic Insights of Textile Dye Biodegradation PDF Online Free

Author : Chirayu Desai
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889713806
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco-Sustainable Bioremediation of Textile Dye Wastewaters: Innovative Microbial Treatment Technologies and Mechanistic Insights of Textile Dye Biodegradation by : Chirayu Desai

Download or read book Eco-Sustainable Bioremediation of Textile Dye Wastewaters: Innovative Microbial Treatment Technologies and Mechanistic Insights of Textile Dye Biodegradation written by Chirayu Desai and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Eco Colour

Author : India Flint
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1596683309
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco Colour by : India Flint

Download or read book Eco Colour written by India Flint and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essence of plants bursts forth in magnificent hues and surprising palettes. Using dyes of the leaves, roots, and flowers to color your cloth and yarn can be an amazing journey into botanical alchemy. In Eco Colour, artistic dyer and colorist India Flint teaches you how to cull and use this gentle and ecologically sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes. India explores the fascinating and infinitely variable world of plant color using a wide variety of techniques and recipes. From whole-dyed cloth and applied color to prints and layered dye techniques, India describes only ecologically sustainable plant-dye methods. She uses renewable resources and shows how to do the least possible harm to the dyer, the end user of the object, and the environment. Recipes include a number of entirely new processes developed by India, as well as guidelines for plant collection, directions for the distillation of nontoxic mordants, and methodologies for applying plant dyes. Eco Colour inspires both the home dyer and textile professional seeking to extend their skills using India's successful methods.

Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments

Author : Abraham Reife
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471589273
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments by : Abraham Reife

Download or read book Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments written by Abraham Reife and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-01-05 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades the EPA and other national andinternational agencies have placed increasingly strict regulationson the manufacture and use of synthetic colorants. The pigment anddye industry has had to develop the technology necessary to analyzeand remediate pollutants in wastewater. Although these efforts haveproduced a considerable volume of information, until now, no singlebook has provided an organized, comprehensive treatment of theenvironmental chemistry of synthetic colorants. Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments is the firstcomprehensive reference to address the environmental problems posedby synthetic colorants, and to provide a forum for the solutionsproposed by industry, government, and academia. Focusing ondevelopments in the field over the past two decades, it deals withall aspects of colored wastewater treatment, the disposal of dyes,analytical methods, toxicity, and regulatory questions. In its coverage of wastewater treatment, this book addresses boththe most commonly used methods and those specifically designed toaddress pollution problems at the source by analyzing for andremoving dyes and pollutants from wastewater effluent. Throughout,real-world data on a wide variety of dyes and dye intermediates isprovided, as well as cost-effective strategies for dealing withwastewater treatment. In addition, several chapters are devoted to the perspectives ofnational and international experts on regulations governing themanufacture, handling, use, and disposal of synthetic dyes andpigments. The impact these regulations have had on both U.S. andforeign industry is also discussed. A complete, comprehensive, and up-to-date guide to pollutionprevention in the dyestuff and textile industries Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments is the onlyself-contained volume that focuses on the environmental impact ofsynthetic dyes and pigments. Contributions by international expertsfrom industry, academia, and government make this an indispensablebook for anyone dealing with the environmental problems posed bysynthetic colorants. It covers the entire range of environmentalissues, from waste treatment and analysis to pollution preventionand government regulations. Covers the latest wastewater treatment methods Shows how to use recycling and reusing methods effectively, whilecutting production costs Describes state-of-the-art technology, including the PACT(r)system Explains analysis techniques, including spectrometry andionization Covers legislative issues and the regulatory status of variouscompounds in both the United States and abroad Examines the various pollution prevention programs instituted bygovernment and industry Bridging the gap between industrial interests and environmentalconcerns, Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments stands as aninvaluable resource for scientists, researchers, and engineers inthe textile and dyestuff industries, and in the environmentalsciences. It is also an extremely useful text for environmentalscience students.

Colorants for Non-Textile Applications

Author : H.S. Freeman
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080529380
Total Pages : 637 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Colorants for Non-Textile Applications by : H.S. Freeman

Download or read book Colorants for Non-Textile Applications written by H.S. Freeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-05-03 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the chemistry of natural and synthetic dyes produced for non-textile markets, where much new basic research in color chemistry is now taking place.The first group of chapters covers the design, synthesis, properties and application technology pertaining to dyes for digital printing and photography. The reader will be pleased with the breadth and depth of information presented in each case. Of particular interest is the discussion of strategies for the design of dyes in these categories, with emphasis on enhancing technical properties. In view of certain new developments, the ink-jet chapter includes results from studies pertaining to dyes for textiles.The three chapters comprising Section II of this volume cover the broad subject of dyes for food, drug and cosmetic applications and then provide an in-depth look at dyes for biomedical applications and molecular recognition. The chapter on dyes for molecular recognition places emphasis on applications in the biological sciences, including sensory materials and artificial receptors. While the former two topics have been covered elsewhere in the past, the present chapters are unequalled in scope.Section III provides an in-depth review of the design of laser dyes and dye-based functional materials. In the first of the two chapters, the major principles of laser operation are summarized. This is followed by a discussion of spectroscopic properties, such as activation and deactivation of absorbed light by laser dyes. Approaches to the development of new laser dyes are presented. The second chapter pertains to the synthesis of dicyanopyrazine-based multifunctional dyes. The visible and fluorescence spectra of these dyes in solution and the solid state are correlated with their three-dimensional molecular structures. Molecular stacking behavior and solid state properties of these "multifunctional" dye materials are presented.The final group of chapters pertains to natural dyes and dyes for natural substrates. In recent years, the impression among certain consumers that "natural" is better/safer has generated much interest in the use of natural dyes rather than synthetics. This has led to a few short discussion papers in which the environmental advantages to using natural dyes have been questioned. The initial chapter in this group provides both a historical look at natural dyes and a comprehensive compilation of natural dye structures and their sources. Though natural dyes are of interest as colorants for textiles, selected ones are used primarily in food and cosmetics.Chapter ten provides an update on the author's previous reviews of structure-color-relationships among precursors employed in the coloration of hair. Chemical constitutions characterizing hair dye structures are presented, along with a summary of available precursors and their environmental properties. Similarly, the chapter on leather dyes covers constitutions and nomenclature, in addition to providing interesting perspectives on the origin and use of leather, the dyeing of leather, and key environmental issues.This volume is concluded with another look at colors in nature. In this case, rather than revisiting colors in plant life, an interesting chapter dealing with color in the absence of colorants is presented. Chapter twelve covers basic concepts of color science and illustrates how 3-D assemblies leading to a plethora of colors are handled in nature. It is our hope that this atypical "color chemistry" chapter will invoke ideas that lead to the design of useful colorants.The chapters presented in this volume demonstrate that color chemistry still has much to offer individuals with inquiring minds who are searching for a career path. This work highlights the creativity of today's color chemists and the wide variety of interesting non-textile areas from which a career can be launched.