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Teacher Perceptions Regarding Race And Gender On Disproportionality In The Special Education Referral Process
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Book Synopsis Teacher Perceptions Regarding Race and Gender on Disproportionality in the Special Education Referral Process by : Juliet R. Ashton
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions Regarding Race and Gender on Disproportionality in the Special Education Referral Process written by Juliet R. Ashton and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This qualitative study explored teacher perceptions of disproportionality in special education referrals in relation to race and gender and teacher preparedness to make referrals to special education services. This study was conducted at three Pennsylvania school districts. Two districts were considered rural/suburban, while one district was identified as suburban. Participants were 36 elementary, middle, and high school general education teachers who responded to a researcher-designed electronic survey consisting of multiple-response, Likert scale, and open-ended questions. In addition, three respondents participated in individual interviews with the researcher. The findings of this study indicate that general education teachers have variable responses to how race, gender, and their own preparedness influence referrals of students to special education services. Data showed a need for training for both inservice and preservice teachers in bias in order to allow for an understanding of factors that can influence referral rates of students to special education services. Data also indicated a need for educating all professional instructional staff in disproportionality and whether or not it occurs within their district. Finally, findings revealed the need for teacher preparation and teacher inservice programs to have a heavier emphasis on training educators to work with students with disabilities.
Book Synopsis Considering Race and Gender in the Classroom by : Daniele Annette Eiland
Download or read book Considering Race and Gender in the Classroom written by Daniele Annette Eiland and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Teacher Perceptions of Special Education and Race Disproportionality Within Special Education Classifications by : Debra J. Daly
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of Special Education and Race Disproportionality Within Special Education Classifications written by Debra J. Daly and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of involvement of students with disabilities in a regular classroom has remained a major concern in education. Every year, the number of special students escalates. For instance, in the United States, students with disabilities accounted for 13.7% of all students between the ages of three to 21 by 2018 (Kositsky, 2019). According to several reports, it is evident that the lack of inclusion of these students in normal school curricula causes emotional distress, depression, withdrawal from society or suicide in some cases. Every child has the right to access quality education. Institutional leaders know that it is not a must that special students are isolated from their peers or placed in separate institutions for learning. Gaps in the existing literature have led to a confusing perception of classified students, especially those of minority backgrounds.The purpose of this qualitative singular case study is to examine the perceptions of special education and general education teachers of the students who are classified as special education in their classrooms. The biases of the teachers, as it relates to race disproportionality in special education was also looked at. The study was conducted in a suburban New York school district and will use the data collected from individual and group interviews of teacher participants, and look at the special education classification process, from both the federal and district level. Analysis of the collected data revealed key findings for this study. First, that changes in the classification process of special education students have forced a closer look into the perceptions of teachers and their implicit biases regarding the classification of special education students. Second, a disconnect in communication between teachers, administrators, and the district has caused teachers to become frustrated, which has led them to rely more on collaboration with colleagues for the support they need. Third, teachers felt that the rigors of the classification process, and the pressure to get the students in correct placements has meant that collaboration, and professional development is more necessary than ever. The implications of these findings for all stakeholders will be discussed.
Book Synopsis What's So Special about Special Education? A Critical Study of White General Education Teachers' Perceptions Regarding the Referrals of African American Students for Special Education Services by : Dustyn R. Alexander
Download or read book What's So Special about Special Education? A Critical Study of White General Education Teachers' Perceptions Regarding the Referrals of African American Students for Special Education Services written by Dustyn R. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study addressed the problem of the disproportionality of African Americans in special education by conducting critical white research. A review of literature revealed that research using this methodology had not been conducted with this problem in mind and that critical white theory might be a wise choice in order to understand this issue more fully. This study sought to fill that gap by providing information on the perspectives of white general education teachers regarding the referral and potential placement of African American students in special education. White teachers were selected in order to explore this phenomenon from a critical white perspective. Since most teachers are white, this population is critical in the development of an understanding of the problem of disproportionality. The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of white general education teachers regarding the: 1. ability, behavior, and school readiness of African American students; 2. instruction, referral, and potential placement of African American students in special education; 3. gaps that exist in the preparation of general education teachers regarding the instruction of African American students. The constant comparative (Glaser & Strauss, 1965) technique resulted in the identification of six themes. These themes supported the current research and confirmed that a lack of cultural responsiveness, a deficit view, and a misunderstanding of the special education referral process and potential services contributes to the gross disproportionality of African Americans in special education. The added perspective of my being a special education administrative practitioner and parent added a depth of understanding to this crisis that has not been previously explored in-depth literature. Also, a useful model called the pipeline to special education was developed to understand what occurs between general education and special education. Finally, a critical white perspective revealed that dominant white values in the classroom may perpetuate marginalization in the form of privilege on the part of the teacher to be permitted to abdicate responsibility for struggling African American students by referring them to special education.
Book Synopsis An Analysis of Classroom Teachers' Perceptions About the Referral Process in Special Education by : Robert Calderon
Download or read book An Analysis of Classroom Teachers' Perceptions About the Referral Process in Special Education written by Robert Calderon and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 40 years researchers have noted a disproportionately high number of minorities in special education programs. This dissertation attempts to address the perception of kindergarten through fifth grade general education teachers when making special education referrals for minority students. Educational researchers have recurrently strived to explain reasons for the disproportionate number of minority students in special education. The researcher argues the over population of minority students in special education programs is due to unfair testing procedures, lack of bilingual personnel, and language barriers. This dissertation expands to include a range of implications that may have been overlooked when attempting to find answers to the overrepresentation of minorities in special education programs. Therefore, building on historical events throughout the years, this dissertation attempts to show how these historical events construct a valid view from which to examine the continued development of the disproportionate representation of minorities in special education programs, as well as other implications associated with a larger cultural view of race, class, and language barriers.
Book Synopsis Teacher Perceptions of Disporportionality of Minorities in Special Education by : Kristy Henry Park
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions of Disporportionality of Minorities in Special Education written by Kristy Henry Park and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intent of this study was to determine if special education teachers had certain perceptions regarding the disproportionate amount of minorities in special education classes. I examined special education teachers' awareness of the disproportionality, their causal theories, and the effectiveness of Response to Intervention (RTI) to regulate disproportionality. I implemented three different data collection methods to measure the teachers' perceptions: an initial face-to-face interview session, a written survey, and additional interview questioning. Participants in the study included 11 special education teachers from three middle schools in Northern Georgia. Ten of the 11 teachers admitted awareness of the problem of disproportionality, reporting causes based on problems with teacher training and student home environment, including socioeconomic status. Six of the 11 teachers thought RTI would help regulate the rates of students of minority races placed in special education due to increased interventions and a lengthier timeline involved before special education placement. Limitations of this study include the lack of diversity of the participants in this study, and the hesitations many people experience when asked to converse openly on the topic of race, where often perceptions expressed are not always the ones perceived. Findings from a study such as this one can heighten awareness on the subject of disproportionate amounts of students from overrepresented minority races in special education. Suggestions for further research are also included.
Book Synopsis DISPROPORTIONALITY IN EDUCATION AND SPECIAL EDUCATION by : Amity Lynn Noltemeyer
Download or read book DISPROPORTIONALITY IN EDUCATION AND SPECIAL EDUCATION written by Amity Lynn Noltemeyer and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2012-07-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the burgeoning number of diverse students in our nation’s schools, coupled with the potentially negative outcomes and wasted resources associated with the misidentification of students for special education and excessive use of exclusionary discipline for specific subgroups of students, it is imperative that educational professionals understand and address the implications arising from disproportionality for children both with and without disabilities. This text contributes unique perspectives and up-to-date information, including advances and research that have emerged since the last of the extant books was published. Presented in three sections, the first considers disproportionality in special education identification, with chapters examining overrepresentation by ethnicity, gender, and language. The second section addresses disproportionality in discipline, specifically focusing on inequalities in school disciplinary actions and juvenile justice decisions based on ethnicity and gender. The final section provides readers with approaches for addressing disproportionality and creating more equitable learning environments now and in the future. The text encourages bidirectional and evolving relationships between the topics examined in each chapter with the historical framework presented. Because of the comprehensive nature of the topics covered in the book, it is an ideal “one-stop” reference for readers aiming to acquire a broad understanding of the key issues related to the topic. The book will appeal to a range of potential readers, including university students and practitioners in the fields of education, psychology, sociology, gender studies, ethnic studies, and criminal justice as well as lay-readers interested in issues of equality and/or education.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Special Education by : James M. Kauffman
Download or read book Handbook of Special Education written by James M. Kauffman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the Handbook of Special Education is to help profile and bring greater clarity to the already sprawling and continuously expanding field of special education. To ensure consistency across the volume, chapter authors review and integrate existing research, identify strengths and weaknesses, note gaps in the literature, and discuss implications for practice and future research. The second edition has been fully updated throughout to take into account recent changes to federal laws as well as the most current academic research, and an entirely new section has been added on research methods in special education.
Book Synopsis Stakeholder Perceptions of the Special Education Referral Process for Black Males Based on ACE: Administration, Culture and Environment by : Malik Douglas
Download or read book Stakeholder Perceptions of the Special Education Referral Process for Black Males Based on ACE: Administration, Culture and Environment written by Malik Douglas and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this causal comparative study is to contribute to the understanding of Critical Race Theory by using a parametric test to compare the independent variable of human characteristics to the dependent variables of Administrative, Cultural, and Environmental/ Hereditary (ACE) factors to develop a picture of parents'/guardians' and educators' attitudes about factors that may explain the overrepresentation of Black males in special education programs. A total of 162 participants completed a self-reporting demographic characteristic survey and the Gresham survey to provide information on the attitudes towards the administrative, cultural, and environmental/hereditary factors that may be correlated with the overrepresentation of Black males in special education, as perceived by each stakeholder group. Participants were drawn from the sample of Black, male, high school students' parents/guardians and educators from 10 high schools within School System A in the metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia area. Parents/guardians included those stakeholders responsible for making legal decisions and supervising students' overall living. Those selected from the educator stakeholder group consisted of tutors, school teachers, and administrators. The results of this study indicated that there are significant differences on the administrative and cultural factors between the gender, age, ethnicity, and type of stakeholder, within the decision process of referring Black males to special education, which may ultimately lead to the overrepresentation of the Black male student in special education programs. The study may have implications for special education, as the insights provided from the data may indicate opportunities for additional training, teacher preparation, or evaluation and placement processes for special education.
Book Synopsis The Role of Teacher Perceptions of Response to Intervention, Racial/ethnic Attitudes, and Self-efficacy in Special Education Referral Decisions by : Kristine Michelle Cash
Download or read book The Role of Teacher Perceptions of Response to Intervention, Racial/ethnic Attitudes, and Self-efficacy in Special Education Referral Decisions written by Kristine Michelle Cash and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated as well as an ordinal logistic regression. A statistically significant relationship was found between the Unawareness of Institutional Discrimination subscale score of the CoBRAS and the behavior concern for a student described as having mild behavior and academic concerns. A statistically significant relationship was found between the rating of the behavior concern and the Efficacy in Student Engagement and Efficacy in Classroom Management subscale scores on the TSES for the vignette describing a student with a severe reading concern and a mild behavior concern. The teachers' perceptions of RTI, racial attitudes, and sense of efficacy did not appear to have a statistically significant impact on their rating of the likelihood of referral for any of the students described in the vignettes.
Book Synopsis African American teachers' perceptions of special education referral by : Tarcha F. Rentz
Download or read book African American teachers' perceptions of special education referral written by Tarcha F. Rentz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: This qualitative study examines African American elementary teachers' perceptions of special education referral and particularly the referral of African American students. This investigation describes teachers' experiences with referral for subjective disabilities (i.e. mental retardation, emotional disturbances, learning disabilities) and not gifted and talented programs. Using phenomenological research methods, 15 interviews were conducted with 5 African American elementary teachers who taught at schools where 25% to 50% of the student population was African American. The study participants were male and female teachers who had taught at least 3 years and had been a part of a School Study Team and/or initiated special education referral. The two main questions that guided this study were: (a) How do African American teachers perceive special education referral and (b) how do African American teachers experience the referral of African American students? Findings suggest that the teachers experienced similar positive and negative feelings about referral. Wanting special education referral to be helpful for students, teachers questioned whether teachers were referring students for an actual disability or because of a cultural difference. Teachers preferred the referral process to be one of maintaining students in general education by identifying their strengths and weaknesses and developing appropriate interventions and strategies to enhance and motivate students. They contended that the referral process is detrimental to African American students who often receive pull-out services in special education resource rooms. Teachers proposed that African American students can be maintained in general education with proper supports in place.
Book Synopsis Ethnic Matching by : Donald Easton-Brooks
Download or read book Ethnic Matching written by Donald Easton-Brooks and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic Matching: Academic Success of Students of Color is an in-depth exploration on the impact of ethnic matching in education, the paring of students of color with teachers of the same race. Research shows that this method has a positive and long-term impact on the academic experience of students of color. This book explores what makes this phenomenon relevant in today’s classrooms. Through interviewing quality teachers of color, this book sheds a light on the impact these teachers make on the academic experience of students of color. This approach is meant to provide all teachers valuable insight into techniques for engaging with diverse learners. Also, from these conversations, the book shows how the intentionality of culturally responsive practice can enhance the academic experience of students of color. Topics such as the challenges of recruiting and retaining quality teachers of color, as well as the valuable work being done on the local, state, and national level to promote diversifying the field of education as a way to provide equitable education for all students is also explored in this book.
Book Synopsis Disproportionate Placement of African American Students in Special Education by : Courtney Deveaux Holmes
Download or read book Disproportionate Placement of African American Students in Special Education written by Courtney Deveaux Holmes and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Teacher Perceptions that Lead to the Referral of Hispanic English Language Learners to Special Education by : Irma Fernández
Download or read book Teacher Perceptions that Lead to the Referral of Hispanic English Language Learners to Special Education written by Irma Fernández and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study developed a survey to determine whether general education teachers in a large urban district were prepared to make referrals of minority students to special education. Considering the impact of student-teacher relationships have on minority students being referred to special education, increased knowledge on how to improve student-teacher cultural awareness is a vital part of improving education. Nineteen certified teachers (17 women and 2 men) participated in this study. The central findings of the present study suggest that certificated teachers have been taught the SST purpose, process and operation through their teacher training. A significant difference was identified between White and minority teachers in terms of their training in cultural differences, cultural awareness, and specific guidelines regarding the learning behaviors of minority students in making referrals to special education. Minority teachers were more likely to agree that they received training that addressed how cultural awareness can affect students learning. The results of this study suggest a need for expanded teacher education regarding cultural differences and awareness of culturally linguistically diverse learners. Teacher preparation through coursework and site trainings in order to understand culturally linguistically diverse learners seems to contribute to making appropriate referrals. These courses and trainings appear to play a vital role in preparing teachers to identify students for the SST process.
Book Synopsis Perceptions of General Education Teachers on the Referral Process for Placing Students in Special Education and the Disproportionate Rate of African American Males in Special Education by : Patrick F. Christian
Download or read book Perceptions of General Education Teachers on the Referral Process for Placing Students in Special Education and the Disproportionate Rate of African American Males in Special Education written by Patrick F. Christian and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Disproportionality of African American Students in Special Education by : Chris Elizabeth Martin
Download or read book Disproportionality of African American Students in Special Education written by Chris Elizabeth Martin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined whether the disproportionality of African American children referred to special education is influenced by the level of implicit racial bias among teachers, using the aversive racism theory. Data were collected from teachers of kindergarten through sixth grade in the Iowa City Community School District through email recruitment. Using a factorial survey design, teachers evaluated five vignettes, each with five questions mirroring the referral process to special education, an implicit and explicit racial bias measure, and demographics. Of the 307 teachers emailed, only 21 completed the full survey. The small sample size hindered the analysis due to violations of two of the major assumptions of linear regression: normality and constant variance. Due to these violations, only limited interpretations can be concluded from the linear models. A logistic regression was also completed on the referral for special education dependent variable and yielded the following significant results: The teachers who scored high on the explicit racism measure were more likely to refer a child to a special education assessment and other results revealed associations between certain characteristics and behaviors of the children and their likelihood of referral. The majority of teachers in the sample (67%) scored high in implicit racial bias but none of the models indicates a relationship between the child's race and referral to special education. The study suggests there is some connection between implicit racial bias and referrals to special education but not due to race. However, the complexity of relationships among these and other factors in both interpersonal relationships and classroom dynamics makes it necessary to further investigate this question and potentially remedy the problem of disproportionality in special education.
Book Synopsis Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education by : National Research Council
Download or read book Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-30 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special education and gifted and talented programs were designed for children whose educational needs are not well met in regular classrooms. From their inceptions, these programs have had disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minority students. What causes this disproportion? Is it a problem? Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education considers possible contributors to that disparity, including early biological and environmental influences and inequities in opportunities for preschool and K-12 education, as well as the possibilities of bias in the referral and assessment system that leads to placement in special programs. It examines the data on early childhood experience, on differences in educational opportunity, and on referral and placement. The book also considers whether disproportionate representation should be considered a problem. Do special education programs provide valuable educational services, or do they set students off on a path of lower educational expectations? Would students not now placed in gifted and talented programs benefit from raised expectations, more rigorous classes, and the gifted label, or would they suffer failure in classes for which they are unprepared? By examining this important problem in U.S. education and making recommendations for early intervention and general education, as well as for changes in referral and assessment processes, Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education will be an indispensable resource to educators throughout the nation, as well as to policy makers at all levels, from schools and school districts to the state and federal governments.
