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Subaqueous Hurricane Initiated Shelf Failure Morphodynamics Along The Mississippi River Delta Front North Central Gulf Of Mexico
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Book Synopsis Subaqueous, Hurricane-initiated Shelf Failure Morphodynamics Along the Mississippi River Delta Front, North-central Gulf of Mexico by : Walter Scott Guidroz
Download or read book Subaqueous, Hurricane-initiated Shelf Failure Morphodynamics Along the Mississippi River Delta Front, North-central Gulf of Mexico written by Walter Scott Guidroz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Subaqueous Mass Movements and Their Consequences by : A. Georgiopoulou
Download or read book Subaqueous Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by A. Georgiopoulou and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This GSL volume focuses on underwater or subaqueous landslides with the overarching goal of understanding how they affect society and the environment. The new research presented here is the result of significant advances made over recent years in directly monitoring submarine landslides, in standardising global datasets for quantitative analysis, constructing a global database, and leading international research projects. This volume demonstrates the breadth of investigation taking place into subaqueous landslides, and shows that while events like the recent ones in the Indonesian archipelago can be devastating they are at the smaller end of what the Earth has experienced in the past. Understanding the spectrum of subaqueous landslide processes, and therefore the potential societal impact, requires research across all spatial and temporal scales. This volume delivers a compilation of state-of-the-art papers covering topics from regional landslide databases to advanced techniques for in situ measurements, to numerical modelling of processes and hazards.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on the Restoration of the Mississippi Delta by : John W. Day
Download or read book Perspectives on the Restoration of the Mississippi Delta written by John W. Day and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-16 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human impacts and emerging mega-trends such as climate change and energy scarcity will impact natural resource management in this century. This is especially true for deltas because of their ecological and economic importance and their sensitivity to climate change. The Mississippi delta is one of the largest in the world and has been strongly impacted by human activities. Currently there is an ambitious plan for restoration of the delta. This book, by a renown group of delta experts, provides an overview of the challenges facing the delta and charts - a way forward to sustainable management.
Book Synopsis Development and Application of Coupled Hurricane Wave and Surge Models for Southern Louisiana by : Joel Casey Dietrich
Download or read book Development and Application of Coupled Hurricane Wave and Surge Models for Southern Louisiana written by Joel Casey Dietrich and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal Louisiana and Mississippi are especially prone to large hurricanes due to their geographic location in the north-central Gulf of Mexico. Several recent hurricanes have devastated the region, creating complicated environments of waves and storm surge. Katrina (2005) and Gustav (2008) made landfall in southeastern Louisiana, and their counter-clockwise winds pushed surge onto the Louisiana-Mississippi continental shelf, into the low-lying wetlands surrounding the Mississippi River, and over and through the levee system that protects metropolitan New Orleans. Rita (2005) and Ike (2008) passed farther to the west, moved across the Texas-Louisiana continental shelf, and created surge that flooded large portions of southwestern Louisiana. These hurricanes demand detailed hindcasts that depict the evolution of waves and surge during these storm events. These hindcasts can be used to map the likely floodplains for insurance purposes, to understand how the current protection system responded during each storm, and to design a new protection system that will resist better the waves and surge. In addition, the resulting computational model can be used to forecast the system's response to future storm events. The work described herein represents a significant step forward in the modeling of hurricane waves and surge in complicated nearshore environments. The system is resolved with unprecedented levels of detail, including mesh sizes of 1km on the continental shelf, less than 200m in the wave breaking zones and inland, and down to 20-30m in the fine-scale rivers and channels. The resulting hindcasts are incredibly accurate, with close matches between the modeled results and the measured high-water marks and hydrograph data. They can be trusted to provide a faithful representation of the evolution of waves and surge during all four hurricanes. This work also describes advancements in the coupling of wave and surge models. This coupling has been implemented typically with heterogeneous meshes, which is disadvantageous because it requires intra-model interpolation at the boundaries of the nested, structured wave meshes and inter-model interpolation between the wave and circulation meshes. The recent introduction of unstructured wave models makes nesting unnecessary. The unstructured-mesh SWAN wave and ADCIRC circulation models are coupled in this work so that they run on the same unstructured mesh. This identical, homogeneous mesh allows the physics of wave- circulation interactions to be resolved correctly in both models. The unstructured mesh can be applied on a large domain to follow seamlessly all energy from deep to shallow water. There is no nesting or overlapping of structured wave meshes, and there is no inter-model interpolation. Variables and forces reside at identical, vertex-based locations. Information can be passed without interpolation, thus reducing significantly the communication costs. The coupled SWAN+ADCIRC model is highly scalable and integrates seamlessly the physics and numerics from deep ocean to shelf to floodplain. Waves, water levels and currents are allowed to interact in complex problems and in a way that is accurate and efficient to thousands of computational cores. The coupled model is validated against extensive measurements of waves and surge during the four recent Gulf hurricanes. Furthermore, the coupling paradigm employed by SWAN+ADCIRC does not interfere with the already-excellent scalability of the component models, and the coupled model maintains its scalability to 7,168 computational cores. SWAN+ADCIRC is well-suited for the simulation of hurricane waves and surge.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Camille by : Hearn, Philip D.
Download or read book Hurricane Camille written by Hearn, Philip D. and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2009-10-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nominated Best Nonfiction Book for 2004 --Mississippi Institute of Arts and Letters On August 17, 1969, Hurricane Camille roared out of the Gulf of Mexico and smashed into Mississippi's twenty-six miles of coastline. Winds were clocked at more than 200 miles per hour, tidal waves surged to nearly 35 feet, and the barometric pressure of 26.85 inches neared an all-time low. Survivors of the killer storm date events as BC and AC--Before Camille and After Camille. The history of Hurricane Camille is told here through the eyes and the memories of those who survived the traumatic winds and tides. Their firsthand accounts, compiled a decade after the storm and archived at the University of Southern Mississippi, form the core of this book. Property damage exceeded $1.5 billion, $48.6 billion in today's dollars. Fashionable beachfront homes, holiday hotels, marinas, night clubs, and souvenir shops were devastated. The death toll in the state's three coastal counties--Harrison, Hancock, and Jackson--reached 131, with another 41 persons never found. The rampaging storm then moved north through Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia and sparked flash floods that killed more than 100 in Virginia before moving into the Atlantic. Camille is one of only three Category 5 hurricanes ever to hit the U.S. mainland. Along the Coast today, vacant lots, slabs of concrete, and mysterious staircases and driveways leading to nowhere are Camille's eerie reminders. The ruins that remain, however, are overshadowed by the dazzle and fun at the dozen casinos and high-rise hotels that dominate the modern beachfront. Once more the seashore is thriving. Rambling homes, the neon lights of motels and family restaurants, and the nets and masts of shrimp boats mark the skyline. For the Mississippi Coast, a historic retreat between New Orleans on the west and Mobile on the east--these are the best of times. This gripping story of the Coast's most devastating storm recounts what happened on a terrifying night more than three decades ago. It reminds, too, what can happen again.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Elena, Gulf Coast by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hurricane Elena, Gulf Coast written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hurricane Elena, following an erratic and difficult-to-forecast course along an unusually large section of the Gulf Coast, posed special problems from New Orleans, Louisiana, to Sarasota, Florida, well before it came ashore on September 2, 1985. Considerable wind damage occurred in this area to structures that were ostensibly designed to resist such extreme wind conditions. Because similar design conditions and building control procedures exist along other U.S. hurricane-prone coasts, the conclusions drawn in this detailed book catalog the structural damage caused by the hurricane and emergency response actions, establish the wind conditions of the storm, review in-depth the building control process used in the area, and conduct necessary structural and wind tunnel tests relevant to a large number of communities along the coastal areas.
Book Synopsis Determining the Viability of Recent Storms as Modern Analogues for North-central Gulf of Mexico Paleotempestology Through Sedimentary Analysis and Storm Surge Reconstruction by : Joshua Caleb Bregy
Download or read book Determining the Viability of Recent Storms as Modern Analogues for North-central Gulf of Mexico Paleotempestology Through Sedimentary Analysis and Storm Surge Reconstruction written by Joshua Caleb Bregy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The northern Gulf of Mexico has been devastated by recent intense storms. Camille (1969) and Katrina (2005) are two notable hurricanes that made landfall in virtually the same location in Mississippi. However, fully understanding the risks and processes associated with hurricane impacts is impeded by a short and fragmented instrumental record. Paleotempestology could potentially use modern analogues from intense storms in this region to extend the hurricane record back to pre-observational time. Existing empirically-based models can back-calculate surge heights over coastal systems as a function of transport distance, particle settling velocity, and gravitational acceleration. We collected cores in a pond (3) and adjacent beach (1) in Hancock County, Mississippi. Loss-on-ignition and grain-size analyses were conducted on cores in the context of a Bayesian statistical age model using 137Cs and 14C dating. Using Camille/Katrina to calibrate the archive, similar coarse-grained deposits were identified, and inverse sediment transport models calculated paleosurge intensities similar in magnitude to Camille over the 2500 year record. However, these are conservative estimates, as the shoreline was further seaward from its modern location approximately 700 yr BP. Our multi-millennial annual average landfall probability (0.48%) closely matches previously published studies from the Gulf of Mexico, indicating that intense hurricanes have not varied over these timescales. Over centennial timescales, active intervals occurred between 900 to 600 and 2200 to 1900 yr BP, and quiescence between 1900 to 900 yr BP. Comparison with previously published sites suggests southerly shifts in the Loop Current may be responsible for regional variability. --Page ii.
Download or read book ADCIRC written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :U. S. Department U.S. Department of the Interior Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781505507867 Total Pages :220 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (78 download)
Book Synopsis Impacts of Recent Hurricane Activity on Historic Shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf by : U. S. Department U.S. Department of the Interior
Download or read book Impacts of Recent Hurricane Activity on Historic Shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of the Interior and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-02 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2005 the Gulf of Mexico was significantly impacted by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, two of the costliest hurricanes in U.S. history. Combined, these storms destroyed over 100 offshore oil and gas platforms and damaged more than 500 pipeline segments. The extent of this damage raised concerns within BOEMRE's Historic Preservation Program regarding the potential effects to Gulf of Mexico shipwrecks that were subjected to the same destructive forces.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Georges by : D. Phil Turnipseed
Download or read book Hurricane Georges written by D. Phil Turnipseed and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Category 5 written by Ernest Zebrowski and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The epic story of the real victims of a perfect storm—overwhelmingly the poor—left behind in the aftermath of a deadly hurricane “A riveting new book.” —Tallahassee Democrat “Not simply an historical account of a storm thirty-seven years ago but a living, breathing entity brimming with the modern-day reality that, yes, it can happen again.” —American Meteorological Society Bulletin "Fascinating, easy-to-read, yet informative.” —Richmond Times-Dispatch “Almost like sitting in front of the television watching the events unfold. A page-turner from the very first page.” —Ruston Morning Paper “There is much we can all learn from this relevant and highly engaging chronicle.” — Biloxi Sun Herald “A must-read for anyone who wants to take an emotional stroll through the rubble of these Gulf Coast fishing communities and learn what happened.” —Apalachicola Times “Should be required reading for anyone living in the path of these terrible storms.” —Moondance.org As the unsettled social and political weather of summer 1969 played itself out amid the heat of antiwar marches and the battle for civil rights, three regions of the rural South were devastated by the horrifying force of Category 5 Hurricane Camille. Camille’s nearly 200 mile per hour winds and 28-foot storm surge swept away thousands of homes and businesses along the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Mississippi. Twenty-four oceangoing ships sank or were beached; six offshore drilling platforms collapsed; 198 people drowned. Two days later, Camille dropped 108 billion tons of moisture drawn from the Gulf onto the rural communities of Nelson County, Virginia—nearly three feet of rain in 24 hours. Mountainsides were washed away; quiet brooks became raging torrents; homes and whole communities were simply washed off the face of the earth. In this gripping account, Ernest Zebrowski and Judith Howard tell the heroic story of America’s forgotten rural underclass coping with immense adversity and inconceivable tragedy. Category 5shows, through the riveting stories of Camille’s victims and survivors, the disproportionate impact of natural disasters on the nation’s poorest communities. It is, ultimately, a story of the lessons learned—and, in some cases, tragically unlearned—from that storm: hard lessons that were driven home once again in the awful wake of Hurricane Katrina. Ernest Zebrowski is founder of the doctoral program in science and math education at Southern University, a historically black university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and Professor of Physics at Pennsylvania State University’s Pennsylvania College of Technology. His previous books include Perils of a Restless Planet: Scientific Perspectives on Natural Disasters. Judith Howard earned her Ph.D. in clinical social work from UCLA, and writes a regular political column for the Ruston, Louisiana, Morning Paper.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Ivan's Impact Along the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Volume 86, Number 48 by :
Download or read book Hurricane Ivan's Impact Along the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Volume 86, Number 48 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just over a year after the landfall of Hurricane Ivan, scientists have now had an opportunity to evaluate a variety of oceanographic and geologic responses to this storm. Hurricanes Ivan, Katrina, and Rita are among the most powertul hurricanes recently to enter the Gulf of Mexico. Although it weakened from a very powertul category 5 hurricane to a category 3 before making landfall along the Alabama coast, Hurricane Ivan devastated the coasts of northwestern Florida and Alabama on 16 September 2004. This article summarizes what researchers have learned about Hurricane Ivan as it moved into the Gulf of Mexico coast. The article focuses on storm meteorology, sea state, shelf circulation, and sediment transport on the shelf and along the coast.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Hurricane-induced Forerunner Surge in the Gulf of Mexico by : Mahunnop Bunpapong
Download or read book An Investigation of Hurricane-induced Forerunner Surge in the Gulf of Mexico written by Mahunnop Bunpapong and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A system of coupled, normal mode equations describing a two-layer ocean basin of variable depth was derived from the quasi-hydrostatic equations of motion using a general form of the method of Veronis and Stommel (1956). A finite difference, time marching, numerical model for the normal mode equations, employing an Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) scheme, on a space-staggered grid has been developed. The model is quasi-linear and allows for variable bathymetry and variable Coriolis parameter. The model domain includes the Gulf of Mexico and the Cayman Sea with a resolution of 15'. A no flow condition is taken at all solid boundaries and the inverted barometer term is used to stipulate barotropic height anomalies on the open boundaries. Hurricanes Carla (1961) and Allen (1980) are used as historical storms to verify the model by comparing numerical and observed hydrographs. A parametric study utilizing three forward speeds, two radii to maximum winds and five paths characterizing Gulf hurricanes is presented. The results of the study show that volume transports through Florida and Yucatan Straits consisted of in-phase (both in or both out) and out-of-phase components. The in-phase volume transport excites a volume mode, nG, in the Gulf of Mexico having periods of about 28 h and 3.4 days. The nG mode of oscillation can produce a forerunner surge for many storm tracks. Although all the model storms generated nG, not all had an associated positive forerunner. The hurricane path and evolution play important roles in generating a forerunner. The out-of-phase volume transport through the ports was found to produce a Gulf-wide quasi-geostrophic tilt mode of about 6.5 day period. Surges on the shelf including the forerunner are primarily a barotropic response. The quasi-linear model transmitted only a fraction of the baroclinic energy onto the shelf. Results of a limited area model (no wind in deep water) showed that either wind or pressure forcing generates nG. The limited area model simulations also demonstrate clearly that the use of a simple inverted barometer boundary condition at the shelf break will always underestimate the peak surge at the coast.
Book Synopsis The Foraminiferal Signature of Recent Gulf of Mexico Hurricanes by : Katrina A. Rabien
Download or read book The Foraminiferal Signature of Recent Gulf of Mexico Hurricanes written by Katrina A. Rabien and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Down-core activities of 7Be, 234Th, and 210Pb, as well as X-radiography, have indicated the existence of sediments deposited by hurricanes Ivan (2004), Katrina (2005), and Rita (2005) on the continental margin west of the Mississippi Delta between Southwest Pass and the Mississippi Canyon. These radionuclides have fairly short half-lives on the order of days to decades, however, and their utility for the identification of hurricane events decreases with progressively older deposits. Foraminifera, which can be preserved for geologically significant amounts of time, may serve as another proxy for the detection of hurricane event beds. Here I investigate foraminiferal assemblages contained within recent, known hurricane units to determine whether they differ significantly from those of non-hurricane units and a unit deposited by a river flood event, and whether these differences might give insight into where the hurricane-deposited sediment originated. Cores were collected along the same transect during three different cruises in: 2004, 2005, and 2007; the timing of collection reflected periods of hurricane and non-hurricane influenced deposition. The transect runs southwest from Southwest Pass (~30 m water depth) to the head of the Mississippi Canyon (~170 m depth). Surface samples of a unit deposited by the 2011 Mississippi River flood event were also collected to allow comparison with hurricane units. Average relative abundances of foraminifera were analyzed for trends and ANOVA and discriminant analysis were utilized to determine whether the foraminiferal assemblages of hurricane and non-hurricane units were statistically discrete. Hurricane unit foraminifera very close to the mouth of Southwest Pass (9 km; ~30 m water depth) were more abundant per unit volume of sediment than pre-hurricane foraminifera at this location. Hurricane units further out on the shelf (> 80 m water depth) tended to contain less foraminifera per unit volume than did the non-hurricane units. Hurricane units also contained more textulariids and miliolids than the non-hurricane units, and sometimes contained rare marsh taxa. ANOVA results show that the abundances of 13 of the 32 most abundant taxa were statistically different between units when comparing all four unit types (hurricane, pre- and post-hurricane, flood, and bioturbated). Ten of these species were statistically different between hurricane and non-hurricane units; relative abundance of coastal taxa increased in the hurricane units. Discriminant analysis indicates that all four unit types are generally discrete. The species that contributed most to the discrimination of unit types were generally rare, and some were helpful in the determination of the origin of the hurricane-transported sediment. In contrast, the species that were significant in the ANOVA were among the most abundant. Thus, both abundant and rare species are useful for identifying hurricane deposited sediment. A portion of hurricane unit sediments was likely locally resuspended and redeposited (indicated by high relative abundances of those taxa which were abundant in the pre- and post- hurricane units). There is also evidence of seaward transport of sediment; some species that occur in the pre- and post-hurricane units only at the shallow end of the transect also occurred in hurricane units at the deeper end of the transect. In addition, hurricane units contained some rare marsh and upper slope taxa which were absent from the pre- and post-hurricane units, indicating some portion of the sediment in the hurricane units is derived from these environments. In summary, foraminifera can provide information on the provenance of hurricane-deposited sediment soon after deposition, but bioturbation can destroy this signal rapidly.
Book Synopsis Science and the storms: The USGS Response to the Hurricanes of 2005 by :
Download or read book Science and the storms: The USGS Response to the Hurricanes of 2005 written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Provides a comprehensive assessment of the impacts of the 2005 hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico as well as the important role of science in landscape restoration and community recovery"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Hurricane Impact on Gulf Coast Barriers by :
Download or read book Hurricane Impact on Gulf Coast Barriers written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hurricane Frederic made landfall near Pascagoula, Mississippi at midnight, September 13, 1979. At the time of landfall, the central pressure had dropped to 946 mb; onshore winds in excess of 200 km/hr were lashing the Alabama coastline, and the open coast storm tide peaked at 365 cm at Gulf Shores, Alabama. Vertical aerial photography obtained in 1976 and again 9 days after Frederic made landfall, combined with multiple reconnaissance overflights and ground surveys by the authors, provided the data base for determination of shoreline erosion and the deposition of hurricane scour and sedimentary deposits. Erosion of the Gulf beach at Dauphin Island proved to follow a predictable pattern, controlled by nearshore bathymetry, whereas retreat of the shoreline of the Mississippi Sound margin was an unexpected occurrence. Apparently, this retreat was due to a hydraulic jump as washover currents entered the deep water of Mississippi Sound. Large-scale sediment redistribution on Dauphin Island proper was a consequence of the storm surge flood. The ebb surge, however, was responsible for the reopening of three inlets across Little Dauphin Island. The wave-induced property destruction on Dauphin Island was most intense immediately west of the area of high dunes. This segment of the island, the easternmost portion of the Holocene spit, has been breached twice in this century. During future storm events, breaching, or at the very least severe property destruction, in this area seems inevitable. A sensible land use plan for Dauphin Island should include a search for alternative, and potentially safer, areas for development.
Book Synopsis The Atchafalaya River Delta by : Bruce A. Ebersole
Download or read book The Atchafalaya River Delta written by Bruce A. Ebersole and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
