Stress Strain Behavior Of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament

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Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament

Author : Johanna Lena Block
Publisher : Göttingen University Press
ISBN 13 : 3863953738
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament by : Johanna Lena Block

Download or read book Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament written by Johanna Lena Block and published by Göttingen University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells are the basic unit of living organisms and consist of a cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a membrane. As building blocks of life with a plethora of functions, cells have to be equipped with a high degree of mechanical resistance, durability, and variability. In eukaryotic cells three filamentous protein types – actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs) – form the so-called cytoskeleton, a network that is known to play a key role for the mechanical properties of cells. Among the three filament systems, IFs are special in terms of, for example, their hierarchical architecture, and their cell-type specific expression. In this thesis, vimentin, an IF mostly found in mesenchymal cells, is studied as a model system to learn more about the mechanical properties of IFs, and the underlying mechanisms that determine their robustness, stiffness, and flexibility. Using a combination of optical trapping and atomic force microcopy experiments and stochastic and numerical modelling, vimentin is found to possess impressive physical properties, such as an extendibility of about 3.6 times its initial length and a tensile memory that can be directly linked to the molecular architecture of the protein and the hierarchical construction of the filament. The experimental results show a clear loading-rate- and strain-dependent behavior of single vimentin IFs supporting the hypothesis that vimentin acts as a “safety belt” for cells, protecting them especially at large and fast deformations. The potential to dissipate a large amount of energy that is attributed to distinct non-equilibrium unfolding and refolding of the α-helices, which are the main structural feature of the vimentin monomer, enables vimentin to act as a shock absorber when exposed to large deformations. In case of cyclic deformations, such as in the cardiovascular system, the observed tensile memory could potentially help cells to be compliant with the repeated strain. In conclusion, vimentin is found to display highly interesting and diverse mechanical properties depending on the applied stress that could be linked to the molecular architecture of the filaments and enable vimentin to determine the mechanical properties of cells to a large extend.

Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament

Author : Johanna Lena Block
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament by : Johanna Lena Block

Download or read book Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament written by Johanna Lena Block and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Stress-strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filaments

Author : Johanna Lena Block
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress-strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filaments by : Johanna Lena Block

Download or read book Stress-strain Behavior of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filaments written by Johanna Lena Block and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells are the basic unit of living organisms and consist of a cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a membrane. As building blocks of life with a plethora of functions, cells have to be equipped with a high degree of mechanical resistance, durability, and variability. In eukaryotic cells three filamentous protein types - actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs) - form the so-called cytoskeleton, a network that is known to play a key role for the mechanical properties of cells. Among the three filament systems, IFs are special in terms of, for example, their hierarchical arc...

Intermediate Filament Proteins

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780128034705
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Filament Proteins by :

Download or read book Intermediate Filament Proteins written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate Filament Proteins, the latest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series covers all the intermediate filaments in vertebrates and invertebrates, providing a unique understanding of the multiple different tissue-specific intermediate filaments. This volume also covers the latest methods that are currently being used to study intermediate filament protein function and dynamics. It will be an important companion for any experimentalist interesting in studying this protein family in their cell or organism model system.

Cytoskeletal Mechanics

Author : Mohammad R. K. Mofrad
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139458108
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Cytoskeletal Mechanics by : Mohammad R. K. Mofrad

Download or read book Cytoskeletal Mechanics written by Mohammad R. K. Mofrad and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-04 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a full spectrum of views on current approaches to modeling cell mechanics. The authors come from the biophysics, bioengineering and physical chemistry communities and each joins the discussion with a unique perspective on biological systems. Consequently, the approaches range from finite element methods commonly used in continuum mechanics to models of the cytoskeleton as a cross-linked polymer network to models of glassy materials and gels. Studies reflect both the static, instantaneous nature of the structure, as well as its dynamic nature due to polymerization and the full array of biological processes. While it is unlikely that a single unifying approach will evolve from this diversity, it is the hope that a better appreciation of the various perspectives will lead to a highly coordinated approach to exploring the essential problems and better discussions among investigators with differing views.

Introductory Biomechanics

Author : C. Ross Ethier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139461826
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Introductory Biomechanics by : C. Ross Ethier

Download or read book Introductory Biomechanics written by C. Ross Ethier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-03-12 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory Biomechanics is a new, integrated text written specifically for engineering students. It provides a broad overview of this important branch of the rapidly growing field of bioengineering. A wide selection of topics is presented, ranging from the mechanics of single cells to the dynamics of human movement. No prior biological knowledge is assumed and in each chapter, the relevant anatomy and physiology are first described. The biological system is then analyzed from a mechanical viewpoint by reducing it to its essential elements, using the laws of mechanics and then tying mechanical insights back to biological function. This integrated approach provides students with a deeper understanding of both the mechanics and the biology than from qualitative study alone. The text is supported by a wealth of illustrations, tables and examples, a large selection of suitable problems and hundreds of current references, making it an essential textbook for any biomechanics course.

Rheological Measurement

Author : A.A. Collyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401149348
Total Pages : 796 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Rheological Measurement by : A.A. Collyer

Download or read book Rheological Measurement written by A.A. Collyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an area as vast and important as rheology, it is essential that the experimentalist understands the underlying theories and shortcomings of the measurement technique used, that they are aware of the likely microstructure of the fluid under study and that from this they can appreciate how the fluid and the measuring system interact with each other. This major handbook, written by an international group of experts in the range of rheological techniques, presents the state of the art in rheological measurement, and concentrates on the techniques and underlying physical principles. The second edition, fully revised and updated to include new techniques is invaluable to polymer and materials scientists, engineers and technologists, and anyone else making rheological measurements on materials whether they be polymeric, biological, slurries, food or other complex fluids.

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Intermediate Filaments Under Extreme Conditions and Disease

Author : Zhao Qin (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (849 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural and Mechanical Properties of Intermediate Filaments Under Extreme Conditions and Disease by : Zhao Qin (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Structural and Mechanical Properties of Intermediate Filaments Under Extreme Conditions and Disease written by Zhao Qin (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate filaments are one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. It was discovered during the recent decades that intermediate filament proteins play key roles to reinforce cells subjected to large-deformation as well as participate in signal transduction. However, it is still poorly understood how the nanoscopic structure, as well as the biochemical properties of these protein molecules contribute to their biomechanical functions. In this research we investigate the material function of intermediate filaments under various extreme mechanical conditions as well as disease states. We use a full atomistic model and study its response to mechanical stresses. Learning from the mechanical response obtained from atomistic simulations, we build mesoscopic models following the finer-trains-coarser principles. By using this multiple-scale model, we present a detailed analysis of the mechanical properties and associated deformation mechanisms of intermediate filament network. We reveal the mechanism of a transition from alpha-helices to beta-sheets with subsequent intermolecular sliding under mechanical force, which has been inferred previously from experimental results. This nanoscale mechanism results in a characteristic nonlinear force-extension curve, which leads to a delocalization of mechanical energy and prevents catastrophic fracture. This explains how intermediate filament can withstand extreme mechanical deformation of >100% strain despite the presence of structural defects. We combine computational and experimental techniques to investigate the molecular mechanism of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a premature aging disease. We find that the mutated domain tail domain is more compact and stable than the normal one. This altered structure and stability may enhance the association of intermediate filaments with the nuclear membrane, providing a molecular mechanism of the disease. We study the nuclear membrane association with intermediate filaments by focusing on the effect of calcium on the maturation process of lamin A. Our result shows that calcium plays a regulatory role in the post-translational processing of lamin A by tuning its molecular conformation and mechanics. Based on these findings we demonstrate that multiple-scale computational modeling provides a useful tool in understanding the biomechanical property and disease mechanism of intermediate filaments. We provide a perspective on research opportunities to improve the foundation for engineering the mechanical and biochemical functions of biomaterials.

Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms

Author : David A.D. Parry
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319496743
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms by : David A.D. Parry

Download or read book Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms written by David A.D. Parry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-18 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the readers with an up-to-date review of the design, structure and function of a representative selection of fibrous proteins in both health and disease. The importance of the α-helical coiled coil, a conformational motif based on the heptad repeat in the amino acid sequence of all α-fibrous proteins (and parts of some globular proteins) is underlined by three Chapters devoted to its design, structure, function and topology. Specific proteins covered in the text and which depend on the coiled coil for their structure and function, include the intermediate filament proteins, tropomyosin, myosin, paramyosin, fibrin and members of the spectrin superfamily. Also described are fibrous proteins based on the β-pleated sheet and collagen conformations. Recombinant structural proteins, especially of silk and collagen, are discussed in the context of developing new biomaterials with varied applications. Established researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of protein chemistry, biochemistry and structural biophysics will find Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms to be an invaluable collection of topical reviews that describe the basic advances made in the field of fibrous proteins over the past decade. This book, written by recognized authorities in the field, provides a clear account of the current status of fibrous protein research and, in addition, establishes the basis for deciding the most appropriate directions for future activity, including the applications of protein engineering and the commercial exploitation of new biomaterials.

Intermediate Filament Structure

Author : David A. D. Parry
Publisher : R G Landes Company
ISBN 13 : 9781570591204
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Filament Structure by : David A. D. Parry

Download or read book Intermediate Filament Structure written by David A. D. Parry and published by R G Landes Company. This book was released on 1995 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the structure and role of intermediate filament (IF) proteins in a variety of cell types. The text examines the expression of IF proteins, the hierarchical assembly of those proteins into molecules, oligomers, protofilaments, protofilbrils and intact IF.

Intermediate Filament Mechanics Across Scales – From Single Filaments to Single Interactions and Networks in Cells

Author : Anna Veronika Schepers
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Göttingen
ISBN 13 : 3863955676
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Filament Mechanics Across Scales – From Single Filaments to Single Interactions and Networks in Cells by : Anna Veronika Schepers

Download or read book Intermediate Filament Mechanics Across Scales – From Single Filaments to Single Interactions and Networks in Cells written by Anna Veronika Schepers and published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen. This book was released on 2022 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical properties of cells are largely determined by the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is an intricate and complex structure formed by protein filaments, motor proteins, and crosslinkers. The three main types of protein filaments are microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments ( IFs ). Whereas the proteins that form microtubules and actin filaments are exceptionally conserved throughout cell types and organisms, the family of IFs is diverse. For example, the IF protein vimentin is expressed in relatively motile fibroblasts, and keratin IFs are found in epithelial cells. This variety of IF proteins might therefore be linked to the various mechanical properties of different cell types. In the scope of this thesis, I combine studies of IF mechanics on different time scales and in systems of increasing complexity, from single filaments to networks in cells. This multiscale approach allows for the simplification necessary to interpret observations while adding increasing physiological context in subsequent experiments. We especially focus on the tunability of the IF mechanics by environmental cues in these increasingly complex systems. In a series of experiments, including single filament elongation studies, single filament stretching measurements with optical tweezers, filament-filament interaction measurements with four optical tweezers, microrheology, and isotropic cell stretching, we characterize how electrostatic (pH and ion concentration) and hydrophobic interactions (detergent) provide various mechanisms by which the mechanics of the IF cytoskeleton can be tuned. These studies reveal how small changes, such as charge shifts, influence IF mechanics on multiple scales. In combination with simulations, we determine the mechanisms by which charge shifts alter single vimentin filament mechanics and we extract energy landscapes for interactions between single filaments. Such insights will provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which cells can maintain their integrity and adapt to the mechanical requirements set by their environment.

Physics of Cancer

Author : Claudia Mierke
Publisher : Iph001
ISBN 13 : 9780750317511
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics of Cancer by : Claudia Mierke

Download or read book Physics of Cancer written by Claudia Mierke and published by Iph001. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised second edition is improved linguistically with multiple increases of the number of figures and the inclusion of several novel chapters such as actin filaments during matrix invasion, microtubuli during migration and matrix invasion, nuclear deformability during migration and matrix invasion, and the active role of the tumor stroma in regulating cell invasion.

Intermediate Filaments

Author : Normand Marceau
Publisher : Biota Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1615045414
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermediate Filaments by : Normand Marceau

Download or read book Intermediate Filaments written by Normand Marceau and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate filaments (IFs), in concert with microfilaments (MFs) and microtubules (MTs), form the cytoskeleton, and each of these fibrillar networks exhibits rather unique structural and functional characteristics. Intermediate filaments were discovered in eukaryotic cells in the late 1960s, and their name comes from the fact that their diameter is intermediate between MFs and MTs. In contrast to the latter, IFs constitute a network that extends from the nuclear envelope throughout the cytoplasm, and in many cases, interact with cell surface domains involved in cell-cell and cell- matrix interactions. Several key features of their expression, assembly, structure and dynamics are highlighted in this eBook. For instance, IF proteins are encoded by several genes, which are classified into six types reflecting the tissues (cells) of origin. Moreover, IF proteins contain a conserved central α-helical (rod) domain flanked by N-terminal (head) and C-terminal (tail) globular domains that enables assembly of fibrous IFs exhibiting a tripartite structure. Although the rod domain is responsible for the formation of the coiled-coil framework and yields the main driving force during the IF protein assembly, the head and tail domains contribute to most of the structural heterogeneity of IF organization and undergo several types of post-translational modifications. Furthermore, the development of gene targeting methods to genetically knockout the expression of the IF genes in mice has uncovered the mechanical versus non-mechanical features of the IF networks, namely, their involvement in cell response to diverse forms of stress, growth stimulation, migration, or death insults. Finally, there is accumulating evidence revealing that the tissue and cell-type expression of IF genes reflects itself in the presence of causal or predisposition mutations responsible for numerous human tissue-specific diseases, known as IF-pathies. Table of Contents: List of Abbreviations / Introduction / IFs as a Multigene Family of Filamentous Proteins / Nuclear Lamina / IF Functional Interplay with Cell Surface Domains and Organelles / IFs and Cell Specialization / IF Relevance to Human Diseases / Conclusion / References / Author Biographies

An Introduction to Biomechanics

Author : Jay D. Humphrey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489903259
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Biomechanics by : Jay D. Humphrey

Download or read book An Introduction to Biomechanics written by Jay D. Humphrey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to meet the needs of undergraduate students, "Introduction to Biomechanics" takes the fresh approach of combining the viewpoints of both a well-respected teacher and a successful student. With an eye toward practicality without loss of depth of instruction, this book seeks to explain the fundamental concepts of biomechanics. With the accompanying web site providing models, sample problems, review questions and more, Introduction to Biomechanics provides students with the full range of instructional material for this complex and dynamic field.

Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration

Author : Mohamed H. Doweidar
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012816610X
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration by : Mohamed H. Doweidar

Download or read book Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration written by Mohamed H. Doweidar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Biomechanics and Tissue Regeneration covers a wide range of recent development and advances in the fields of biomechanics and tissue regeneration. It includes computational simulation, soft tissues, microfluidics, the cardiovascular system, experimental methods in biomechanics, mechanobiology and tissue regeneration. The state-of-the-art, theories and application are presented, making this book ideal for anyone who is deciding which direction to take their future research in this field. In addition, it is ideal for everyone who is exploring new fields or currently working on an interdisciplinary project in tissue biomechanics. - Combines new trends in biomechanical modelling and tissue regeneration - Offers a broad scope, covering the entire field of tissue biomechanics - Contains perspectives from engineering, medicine and biology, thus giving a holistic view of the field

The Physics of Cancer

Author : Caterina A. M. La Porta
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108150330
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physics of Cancer by : Caterina A. M. La Porta

Download or read book The Physics of Cancer written by Caterina A. M. La Porta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have witnessed an increasing number of theoretical and experimental contributions to cancer research from different fields of physics, from biomechanics and soft-condensed matter physics to the statistical mechanics of complex systems. Reviewing these contributions and providing a sophisticated overview of the topic, this is the first book devoted to the emerging interdisciplinary field of cancer physics. Systematically integrating approaches from physics and biology, it includes topics such as cancer initiation and progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, cancer stem cells, tumor immunology, cancer cell mechanics and migration. Biological hallmarks of cancer are presented in an intuitive yet comprehensive way, providing graduate-level students and researchers in physics with a thorough introduction to this important subject. The impact of the physical mechanisms of cancer are explained through analytical and computational models, making this an essential reference for cancer biologists interested in cutting-edge quantitative tools and approaches coming from physics.

Leong's Manual of Diagnostic Antibodies for Immunohistology

Author : Runjan Chetty
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316592065
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Leong's Manual of Diagnostic Antibodies for Immunohistology by : Runjan Chetty

Download or read book Leong's Manual of Diagnostic Antibodies for Immunohistology written by Runjan Chetty and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a unique A-Z guide to antibodies for immunohistology, this is an indispensable source for pathologists to ensure the correct application of immunohistochemistry in daily practice. Each entry includes commercial sources, clones, descriptions of stained proteins/epitopes, the full staining spectrum of normal and tumor tissues, staining pattern and cellular localization, the range of conditions of immunoreactivity, and pitfalls of the antibody's immunoprofile, giving pathologists a truly thorough quick-reference guide to sources, preparation and applications of specific antibodies. Appendices provide useful quick-reference tables of antibody panels for differential diagnoses, as well as summaries of diagnostic applications. Expanded from previous editions with over forty new entries, this handbook for diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic and research applications of antibodies is an essential desktop book for practicing pathologists as well as researchers, residents and trainees.