Spectroscopy Of Plutonium Organic Complexes

Author : Cory J. Windorff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780355309324
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Download or read book Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of Organometallic Complexes of Uranium and Plutonium in the +2 and +3 Oxidation States written by Cory J. Windorff and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of unique organometallic complexes of uranium, plutonium, and the lanthanides in efforts to expand the limits of known redox chemistry of these elements. The results in this dissertation extend investigations of previously established reduction reactions involving these metal ions to extend them to more challenging systems. These reactions utilized the tri(cyclopentadienide) coordination environment examining the differences in the substitution pattern on the cyclopentadienide rings, particularly the Cp'' ligand [Cp'' = C5H3(SiMe3)--1,3]. In the course of these studies, the +2 oxidation state for plutonium was confirmed, and the most stable form of UII to date was isolated. To accomplish the plutonium chemistry, several surrogate syntheses were performed using lanthanides of similar size and reactivity to that of plutonium, namely cerium and neodymium. These experiments examined the electronic structure to compare and contrast the +2 oxidation state across the actinide series.In Chapter 1 29Si NMR spectra were recorded for a series of uranium complexes containing silicon and the data have been combined with results in the literature to determine if any trends exist between chemical shift and structure, ligand type, or oxidation state. Data on 48 paramagnetic inorganic and organometallic uranium complexes are presented. The survey reveals that although there is some overlap in the range of shifts of UIV complexes versus UIII complexes. In general UIII species have more negative shifts than their UIV analogs. The single UII example has the most negative shift of all at --322 ppm at 170 K. With only a few exceptions, UIV complexes have shifts between 0 and --150 ppm (vs. SiMe4) whereas U III complexes resonate between --120 and --250 ppm. The small data set on UV species exhibits a broad 250 ppm range centered near 40 ppm. The data also show that aromatic ligands such as cyclopentadienide, cyclooctatetraenide, and the pentalene dianion, exhibit less negative chemical shifts than other types of ligands.Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of new molecular complexes of U II that were pursued to make comparisons in structure, physical properties, and reactivity with the first UII complex, [K(crypt)][Cp '3U], 21-U (Cp' = C5H 4SiMe3, crypt = 2.2.2-Cryptand). Reduction of Cp ''3U, 20-U, [Cp'' = C 5H3(SiMe3)2--1,3] with KC 8 in the presence of crypt or 18-crown-6 generates [K(crypt)][Cp ''3U], 22-U, or [K(18-crown-6)(THF) 2][Cp''3U], 23-U, respectively. The UV/vis spectra of 22-U and 21-U are similar, and they are much more intense than those of UIII analogs. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility data for 21-U and 22-U reveal a lower room temperature chiMT value relative to the experimental value for the 5f3 U III precursors. Stability studies monitored by UV/vis spectroscopy show that 22-U and 23-U have t 1/2 values of 20 and 15 h at room temperature, respectively, vs 1.5 h for 21-U. Complex 23-U reacts with H2 or PhSiH3 to form the uranium hydride, [K(18-crown-6)(THF) 2][Cp''3UH], 26. 21-U and 23-U both reduce cyclooctatetraene to form uranocene, (C8H8) 2U, as well as the UIII byproducts [K(crypt)][Cp '4U], 28-U, and Cp'' 3U, 20-U, respectively.In Chapter 3 Cp'4U, 37-U, was synthesized from (a) KCp' and [Cp' 3U(THF)][BPh4], 36, (b) Cp' 3U, 8-U, and Cp'2Pb,30, and (c) [K(crypt)][Cp'4U], 28-U, and AgBPh4 and identified by X-ray crystallography as a rare example of a structurally-characterized tetrakis(cyclopentadienyl)UIV complex. The corresponding Th complex, Cp'4Th, 37-Th, was obtained from the direct combination of ThBr4(THF)4 with excess KCp' in low yield. During the preparation of Cp' 3UMe, 35, the precursor of the [Cp '3U(THF)][BPh4], 36, reagent used above, it was discovered that the reaction of Cp'3UCl, 33-U, and MeLi gives a mixture of Cp'3UMe, 35 and 33-U that can co-crystallize better than 35 in pure form. Although 35 typically is an oil, a mixture of 35 and 33-U forms single crystals that are suitable for X-ray crystallography and contain a 4:1 ratio of the compounds. Hence, forming a mixture provided a new way to get structural data on the oil, 35. 33-U and Cp'3UI, 34, were also crystallographically characterized for comparison with the Cp '3UMe/Cp'3UCl, 35/33 crystals. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).