Small Business Guide To Winning At Web Marketing

Download Small Business Guide To Winning At Web Marketing full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Small Business Guide To Winning At Web Marketing ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Small-business Guide to Winning at Web Marketing

Author : Cyndie Shaffstall
Publisher : C Shaffstall & Son, LLC
ISBN 13 : 0615371922
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (153 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Small-business Guide to Winning at Web Marketing by : Cyndie Shaffstall

Download or read book Small-business Guide to Winning at Web Marketing written by Cyndie Shaffstall and published by C Shaffstall & Son, LLC. This book was released on 2010-05-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you're launching a new company or becoming a self-employed entrepreneur, then this book is for you. Small-business Guide to Winning at Web Marketing will help you to understand the electronic and traditional marketing landscapes and show how you can use them to benefit and grow your business. Today's marketing is a lot like playing pinball. It's not a straight shot - you have to bounce around a lot to really rack up the points and since some pins are worth more than others, you need a certain amount of skill and luck to be able to ping them more than once. In this book, you'll learn the game basics, some strategy, and a few tricks, but mastering pinball -- web marketing -- will depend entirely on how long you can keep the ball in play. I've spent 30 years as an entrepreneur - where you do it yourself because you don't have the budget for otherwise. There are thousands of search-engine optimization services that you can enlist, but you should understand the options available. There is so much where you can contribute and this will reduce the financial impact on your company that expensive contractors can have. This book starts with your web site and rolls right on through social media, social bookmarking, blogging, press releases, news announcements, printed material, QR codes, and much more. Don't flounder - you don't have time. Get this book and win at web marketing.

From Starting Small to Winning Big

Author : Shishir Mishra
Publisher : Business Expert Press
ISBN 13 : 1951527879
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (515 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis From Starting Small to Winning Big by : Shishir Mishra

Download or read book From Starting Small to Winning Big written by Shishir Mishra and published by Business Expert Press. This book was released on 2020-05-06 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital Marketing Guide for Start-up Entrepreneurs is a practical, step-by-step guide that will help budding entrepreneurs in setting up and executing their digital marketing strategy from scratch to achieve the goals they have set for their start-ups. Topics covered in this book include search engine optimization, content marketing, social media marketing, search engine marketing, and online reputation management are essential for entrepreneurs to learn and master for the success of their start-up. The author guides entrepreneurs in establishing a digital presence of their startups to jet fuel their business growth. He brings in real-life examples and insights gained from executing digital marketing strategies for start-ups and small businesses. This book is perfect for start-up entrepreneurs, founders, marketers, and small business owners who are unaware of digital marketing concepts and how to use digital marketing for their advantage. It will give them practical tips on applying digital marketing to increase their brand awareness and sales–a concise book that can be completed quickly. The text serves as a reference guide for start-up entrepreneurs, to which they can always come back to while setting up and executing their digital marketing strategy.

Small Business Marketing For Dummies

Author : Barbara Findlay Schenck
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118054458
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Small Business Marketing For Dummies by : Barbara Findlay Schenck

Download or read book Small Business Marketing For Dummies written by Barbara Findlay Schenck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-04 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having your own business isn’t the same as having customers, and one is useless without the other. Whether your business is a resale store or a high-tech consulting firm, a law office or a home cleaning service, in today’s competitive environment, strategic marketing is essential. Small Business Marketing For Dummies, Second Edition is updated from the original version that won rave reviews and inspired thousands of small businesses on their way to becoming big businesses. Updates include more information on online marketing, a whole new section on getting and keeping customers, new cost-effective, fast-acting ideas for instant impact, and more. The book covers: Marketing basics that prepare you to rev up your business and jumpstart your marketing program Information to help you define your business position and brand Advice on bringing in professionals A quick-reference guide to mass media and a glossary of advertising jargon How-tos for creating print and broadcast ads that work Ideas for getting the word out without advertising, including information on direct mail, brochures, publicity, promotions, and more Ten steps to follow to build your own easy-to-assemble marketing plan With pages of ideas for low-cost, high-impact marketing from author Barbara Findlay Schenck, a marketing consultant with more than 20 years experience with clients ranging from small businesses to Fortune 500 companies, Small Business Marketing For Dummies, Second Edition helps you reach and keep new customers. Whether you’re running a home office, a small firm, a family business, a nonprofit organization, or a retail operation, you’ll discover how to: Custom design your own marketing program Create effective marketing messages Produce marketing communications that work No matter what field you’re in, Small Business Marketing For Dummies, 2nd Edition will help you make your dreams come true. If you buy it, read it, and implement some of the marketing strategies discussed, customers will come.

The Business of Getting Business

Author : Joe Manausa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781912555604
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (556 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Business of Getting Business by : Joe Manausa

Download or read book The Business of Getting Business written by Joe Manausa and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internet is shrinking the world; local brick and mortar businesses are finding more competition than ever before, primarily from 'out of towners' who conduct their business online. Consumers are thrilled with this change, empowered with information; no longer requiring a salesperson to start the buying process. So how does a local business compete in a world that has gone digital? The Business of Getting Business will educate and lead business owners to a different way of generating and converting business opportunities using digital marketing concepts and processes. It provides need-to-know information about digital marketing in easy-to-understand terms, so any business owner will walk away with a true understanding of what they need to do online to make their business succeed. Furthermore, it provides an implementation guide that runs through the specific technologies and the steps required to be productive with a digital marketing solution to build a better future.

The Unofficial Guide® to Marketing Your Small Business

Author : Marcia Layton Turner
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470105917
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (71 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Unofficial Guide® to Marketing Your Small Business by : Marcia Layton Turner

Download or read book The Unofficial Guide® to Marketing Your Small Business written by Marcia Layton Turner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-18 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the author of the successful The Unofficial Guide to Marketing Your Small Business, this handy guide provides detailed information on low-budget, high-impact marketing techniques that produce near-immediate results. Small businesses need a quick return on their marketing investments, and this book shows the best ways to achieve it. Small business expert Marcia Layton Turner puts her wealth of business knowledge to work for business owners who need results now. The Unofficial Guide to Marketing Your Small Business provides comprehensive, straightforward coverage of everything small and large businesses need to know about the vital basics of effective marketing. Marcia Layton Turner (Rochester, NY) is the founder of her own marketing consulting firm and a small business expert who has been profiled or quoted in such publications as Money, Entrepreneur, and USA Weekend. She is also the author of The Unofficial Guide to Starting a Small Business (0-7645-7285-7), from Wiley.

The Digital Marketing Handbook

Author : Robert W. Bly
Publisher : Entrepreneur Press
ISBN 13 : 1613083815
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Digital Marketing Handbook by : Robert W. Bly

Download or read book The Digital Marketing Handbook written by Robert W. Bly and published by Entrepreneur Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What's Your Website's ROI? Written to help marketers—from the Fortune 1000 to small business owners and solopreneurs—turn their websites from cost centers to profit centers, The Digital Marketing Handbook by legendary copywriting pioneer and marketing expert Robert W. Bly teaches you the proven models and processes for generating a steady stream of traffic, conversions, leads, opt-ins, and sales. Whether you are marketing an online-based business, brick-and-mortar store, or a hybrid business, Bly will teach you how to: Integrate a digital marketing plan with traditional marketing outreach efforts Maximize open rates, click-through rates, conversions, and sales Avoid the most common internet marketing mistakes that cause people to fail online Build a large and responsive opt-in email list Master Google AdWords, Facebook Advertising, and other traffic-generating tactics Drive quality leads to your online and offline storefronts Produce brand awareness and generate leads with Snapchat, Instagram, Periscope, Pinterest, and other social media platforms Design hub sites, landing pages, and "squeeze pages" guaranteed to bring in leads Plus, Bly shares tested direct response methods that can increase your online revenues by 50, 100, and even 200 percent along with an extensive resource section to give your website a competitive edge.

The Ultimate Small Business Marketing Toolkit: All the Tips, Forms, and Strategies You'll Ever Need!

Author : Beth Goldstein
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071593772
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (715 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Ultimate Small Business Marketing Toolkit: All the Tips, Forms, and Strategies You'll Ever Need! by : Beth Goldstein

Download or read book The Ultimate Small Business Marketing Toolkit: All the Tips, Forms, and Strategies You'll Ever Need! written by Beth Goldstein and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low- and no-cost tools that win customer loyalty Whether you're setting up shop or already have your business off the ground, you need proven marketing strategies that get new customers in the door and keep them coming back. The Ultimate Small Business Marketing Toolkit gives you the resources to do just that, with a wide variety of cost-effective marketing techniques you can use to turn your business vision into reality. Packed with dozens of worksheets, real-life examples, and step-by-step instructions, this all-in-one resource guides you through eight easy-to-follow marketing milestones. Armed with the tools in this book and on the CD-ROM, you'll be ready to Develop targeted customer profiles using affordable market research techniques Get inside the heads of customers and learn what makes them tick Navigate your marketplace and turn obstacles into opportunities Establish winning partnerships that support your company's growth Sell your brand to the world using brochures, Web sites, direct mail, and advertising “Pushes your bottom line to a breakthrough level of success.”-Peter R. Russo, Director, Entrepreneurship Programs, Boston University School of Management

Web Marketing for Small Businesses

Author : Stephanie Diamond
Publisher : Sourcebooks, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1402219261
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (22 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Web Marketing for Small Businesses by : Stephanie Diamond

Download or read book Web Marketing for Small Businesses written by Stephanie Diamond and published by Sourcebooks, Inc.. This book was released on 2008 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Web Marketing for Small Businesses shows entrepreneurs how to take advantage of the marketing opportunities on the Internet to get the word out about their business and win new customers.

Online or Flatline

Author : Nick Choat
Publisher : Elevate Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1945449020
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (454 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Online or Flatline by : Nick Choat

Download or read book Online or Flatline written by Nick Choat and published by Elevate Publishing. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital marketing is a daunting task for many small business owners. It often seems intimidating and complicated, and the benefits are not easily measured, but without it, many businesses die out. In Online or Flatline, Nick Choat offers compelling reasons to get your business online and easy-to-use tools to make it possible: How to set up an attractive webpage How to prioritize your social media efforts How to use review feedback to interact with customers How to optimize your ability to be found on Google How to combine traditional and digital advertising and many more Nick Choat has witnessed the evolution of digital marketing. He started at a young age, working in his parents' small, hometown grocery store in rural Tennessee, where he learned about customer service and loyalty. When he was offered a management position with Kroger, he made the bold move to exit the food industry, and took a chance on a degree in software development long before the tech boom of the 1990s. His first job was for Boeing, followed by several years consulting businesses for Ernst & Young. He was on board with Disney when they pioneered the online streaming of hi-def television, a revolutionary move when corporations were still fearful of the shifting marketplace. After realizing that he wanted to exchange his life in corporate America for one with more autonomy in his business, he bought a Sports Clips franchise and set a personal goal to empower all small business owners to utilize the tools at their fingertips. Online or Flatline gives small business owners an easy to follow, affordable guide and a strong plan of action for creating a successful and valuable online presence.

Marketing Your Services

Author : Anthony O. Putman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Marketing Your Services by : Anthony O. Putman

Download or read book Marketing Your Services written by Anthony O. Putman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1990-05-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marketing Your Services You may be one of the best doctors, consultants, accountants, caterers, or investment advisors around, but when it comes to marketing your service, you may also be the first one to admit, "I don’t know what to do." Now, here’s a book that shows you, step by step, how to market your services—painlessly, confidently, profitably. Marketing Your Services shows you: How to define and promote your services to the right market How to differentiate your business from other similar businesses How to price and package your services How to turn qualified prospects into customers and build long-term relationships with clients "This is the best book I have seen about Marketing—making your mark in a way that hits the mark. You will be provoked, persuaded, and pleased by this guidebook for painless marketing mastery." —Chip R. Bell Author, Service Wisdom "Simply put, this is the most useful book on marketing for service firms I know of. It is also the best written. Read it." —Clay Carr Author, Front-Line Customer Service "An excellent guide to the marketing maze for any small business that wants to get a firm handle on just what service they provide, and learn how to enjoy making money doing it." —Martin T. Cannon Director, Paper Product Development The Procter & Gamble Company

Starting an Online Business For Dummies®

Author : Greg Holden
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470640995
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Starting an Online Business For Dummies® by : Greg Holden

Download or read book Starting an Online Business For Dummies® written by Greg Holden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-06-15 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nuts-and-bolts for building your own online business and making it succeed Is there a fortune in your future? Start your own online business and see what happens. Whether you're adding an online component to your current bricks-and-mortar or hoping to strike it rich with your own online startup, the sixth edition of this popular and practical guide can help. Find out how to identify a market need, handle promotion, choose Web hosting services, set up strong security, pop up prominently in search engine rankings, and more. The book explores the hottest business phenomenon today—social media marketing—with full coverage of Twitter, Facebook, blogs, and other technologies that are now firmly part of the online business landscape. Dives into all aspects of starting and establishing an online business, including the very latest big trends Highlights business issues that are of particular concern to online businesses Reveals how to identify a market need, handle promotion, choose Web hosting services, set up strong security, pop up prominently in search engine rankings, and more Covers the hottest social media marketing opportunities, including Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and blogs Shows you specific types and examples of successful online businesses Provides the latest on B2B Web site suppliers, such as AliBaba.com Build a better online business from the ground up, starting with Starting an Online Business For Dummies, 6th Edition!

Official Get Rich Guide to Information Marketing

Author : Dan Kennedy
Publisher : Entrepreneur Press
ISBN 13 : 1613080328
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Official Get Rich Guide to Information Marketing by : Dan Kennedy

Download or read book Official Get Rich Guide to Information Marketing written by Dan Kennedy and published by Entrepreneur Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The founders of the Information Marketing Association and 30 ultra-successful information marketers reveal carefully guarded information on building a highly profitable information marketing business. The 2nd edition offers new cases and success stories, new chapters on social networking and over 40 new ways to make money with information products. The indisputable gurus of the information marketing world have broken ranks. Formerly relegated to the information marketing industry’s typical fare of high-priced audio CDs, manuals and courses, once carefully guarded information on building a highly profitable information marketing business has been released to the general public in book form. Most info-marketers are lone wolf, small, quiet operators, many with home-based businesses, most with zero or just a few employees, most working only part-time hours, and most netting seven-figure profits. In other words, there is no reason any reader of this book can’t do exactly the same thing in just a few short months. Readers create an entirely new business that gives them added income or replaces their current salary entirely. It just takes the information they already know and the simple nine-step formula in this unprecedented book. Time and again, this formula has been proven to work—to the point where most info-marketers have a million-dollar business in just a year.

Small Business Marketing - Your Ultimate Guide

Author : Jimmy Nicholas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780615798004
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Small Business Marketing - Your Ultimate Guide by : Jimmy Nicholas

Download or read book Small Business Marketing - Your Ultimate Guide written by Jimmy Nicholas and published by . This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to construct and implement a marketing plan.

The Small Business Website Design Guide

Author : Lisa Pecunia
Publisher : Avarra Solutions
ISBN 13 : 0983336008
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (833 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Small Business Website Design Guide by : Lisa Pecunia

Download or read book The Small Business Website Design Guide written by Lisa Pecunia and published by Avarra Solutions. This book was released on 2011-02 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Small Business Website Design Guide is specifically for the non-technical small business owner.* Are you thinking of redesigning your web site, but you're not sure who to turn to?* Have you heard stories about other businesses whose web designer just up and disappeared?* Do you wonder why your website isn't getting any "hits"?* Does the whole internet marketing craze make you wonder what you're missing?Until you know the basics of how good web design and internet marketing work, you aren't equipped to make the best e-marketing decisions for your company.This book will help! It answers all your questions and guides you down the right path of redesigning your website and promoting it properly.

Small Business Management for Online Business

Author : Nicolae Sfetcu
Publisher : Nicolae Sfetcu
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Small Business Management for Online Business by : Nicolae Sfetcu

Download or read book Small Business Management for Online Business written by Nicolae Sfetcu and published by Nicolae Sfetcu. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revision 1.1 A guide for home business and small business companies to develop online strategies for online presence, using the advantages of Web 2.0, web development, online promotion and social media. Web 2.0 is the evolution of the Web towards greater simplicity (requiring no technical knowledge or computer for users) and interactivity (allowing everyone, individually or collectively, to contribute, share and collaborate in various forms). Crowdsourcing, or participatory production, one of the emerging areas of knowledge management, is the use of creativity, intelligence and know-how of a large number of people, outsourcing, to perform certain tasks traditionally performed by an employee or contractor. Web development can take different forms: from a simple static page to dynamic pages with a connection to a database. Agile methods are groups of practices for the development of projects in IT (software design) that can be applied to various types of projects. They involve the maximum the applicant (client) and allow greater responsiveness to requests. They aim to real customer satisfaction a priority under a development agreement. A succesful web development is primarily based on iterative refinement of needs implemented in functionality in progress and even already completed. The marketing strategy aims to put the company in question in line with the implicit or explicit requirements of the market in which it operates. The foundations of the strategy are to discover and especially to influence the needs of potential customers and identify products and services. E-marketing, or Internet marketing, is used to manage a web presence and a report to the user and to the communities it represents. The challenge here is to disseminate a consistent image of brand and company regardless of the communication media. Marketing 2.0 refers to a new generation of emerging marketing concepts of the Internet age. A social network is a set of brands, such as individuals or organizations, interconnected by links created during social interactions. It is represented by a structure or a dynamic form of a social group. The analysis of social networks is based on network theory, the use of graphs, and sociological analysis. Pnline social networking services are used to build a social network by connecting friends, associates, and generally individuals together using a variety of tools in order to facilitate, for example, management of professional careers, distribution and artistic visibility, or private meetings. Social commerce is a subset of e-commerce. It involves social media, and other digital media that support social interaction and user contributions, to assist in buying and selling products and services online. Simply put, social commerce is the use of social networks for e-commerce transactions.

The Small Business Internet Marketing Booklet

Author : Parker Monroe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781461100256
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Small Business Internet Marketing Booklet by : Parker Monroe

Download or read book The Small Business Internet Marketing Booklet written by Parker Monroe and published by . This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internet marketing is a booming industry. Experts anticipate the boom to continue into the next decade. The growth increase can be for several reasons: the down economy, the innately entrepreneurial mindset of Americans or perhaps because it is a very inexpensive business to set-up and to start-up.Whatever the reasons for the boom, internet marketing has certainly made its mark in the industry as a valid business that, if done right, can generate huge revenue for any type of business.'¬SIf done right,'¬ that is the condition that must exist before any returns can happen. While internet marketing is inexpensive and effortless to set up, it can be tricky and time-consuming to manage during its course. Many small businesses prefer to start out in the internet rather than on a brick and mortar storefront. While many start-ups have failed, many have expanded into large companies because they did things right.This book contains information and instructions on how to do internet marketing the right way. It will provide a very comprehensive coverage of internet marketing tools and strategies that any small business can implement so that, in time, real significant results can be obtained to sustain the online business.

Marketing For Dummies

Author : Jeanette Maw McMurtry
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119894891
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Marketing For Dummies by : Jeanette Maw McMurtry

Download or read book Marketing For Dummies written by Jeanette Maw McMurtry and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pump up your business with the latest, greatest marketing techniques This updated edition of Marketing for Dummies will walk you through the latest marketing technologies and methods, including customer experience, retargeting, digital engagement across all channels and devices, organic and paid SEO, Google ads, social media campaigns and posts, influencer and content marketing, and so much more. You’ll discover what works, what doesn’t, and what is best for your business and budget. Learn the marketing and sales strategies that work in any economy Discover how to engage customers with trust and enthusiasm Understand post-pandemic changes in consumer attitudes Discover new tools and technologies for finding customers and inspiring loyalty Adapt your brand, pricing, and sales approach to make your business more valuable Avoid common marketing mistakes and learn how to measure the impact of your efforts In a post-pandemic, up or down economy, it’s harder than ever to meet highly complex and ever-changing customer expectations. The top-selling Marketing For Dummies covers basics like sales strategy, channel selection and development, pricing, and advertising. We also teach you complex elements like personalization, customer behavior, purchasing trends, ESG ratings, and market influences. With this complete guide, you can build a business that not only competes in a challenging market, but wins. For small to mid-size business owners and marketing professionals, Marketing For Dummies lets you harness the latest ideas to drive traffic, boost sales, and move your business forward.