Slaves Contrabands And Freedmen Union Policy In The Civil War

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Slaves, Contrabands, And Freedmen: Union Policy In The Civil War

Author : CDR Michelle J. Howard USN
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782899391
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

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Book Synopsis Slaves, Contrabands, And Freedmen: Union Policy In The Civil War by : CDR Michelle J. Howard USN

Download or read book Slaves, Contrabands, And Freedmen: Union Policy In The Civil War written by CDR Michelle J. Howard USN and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines Union slave policy in the Civil War. Prior to the initiation of hostilities, President Abraham Lincoln stated that the conflict between the states was over the preservation of the Union, and not over slavery. The administration was concerned that a war policy centered on slavery would result in the loss of the Border States. The war started without a slave policy promulgated from the administration to the War Department. By May of 1861, fugitive slaves had entered Union lines and were retained by military commanders as “Contraband of War.” The Union employed over 200,000 fugitive slaves before the war ended. Military commanders were forced to create slave policy to handle overwhelming numbers of runaway slaves. Local military policy impacted the administration’s agenda. In response, the administration would variously support, dismiss, or ignore the commanders. As the war progressed, Union slave policy caused conflict within and outside the military chain of command. As the conflicts became publicized, President Lincoln created or agreed to slavery policies that conformed to changing congressional and public opinion. The administration had been forced to deal with the issue it had sought to avoid. Military decisions in the field had impacted national goals.

Slaves, Contrabands, and Freedmen

Author : Michelle J. Howard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Slaves, Contrabands, and Freedmen by : Michelle J. Howard

Download or read book Slaves, Contrabands, and Freedmen written by Michelle J. Howard and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines Union slave policy in the Civil War. Prior to the initiation of hostilities, President Abraham Lincoln stated that the conflict between the states was over the preservation of the Union, and not over slavery. The administration was concerned that a war policy centered on slavery would result in the loss of the Border States. The war started without a slave policy promulgated from the administration to the War Department. By May of 1861, fugitive slaves had entered Union lines and were retained by military commanders as "Contraband of War." The Union employed over 200,000 fugitive slaves before the war ended. Military commanders were forced to create the slave policy to handle the overwhelming numbers of runaway slaves. Local military policy impacted the administration's agenda. In response, the administration would variously support, dismiss, or ignore the commanders. As the war progressed, Union slave policy caused conflict within and outside the military chain of command. As the conflict became publicized, President Lincoln created or agreed to slavery policies that conformed to the changing congressional and public opinion. The administration had been forced to deal with the issue it had sought to avoid. Military decisions in the field had impacted national goals.

From Contraband to Freedman

Author : Louis Gerteis
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis From Contraband to Freedman by : Louis Gerteis

Download or read book From Contraband to Freedman written by Louis Gerteis and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1973-08-24 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Contraband to Freedman

Author : Louis S. Gerteis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis From Contraband to Freedman by : Louis S. Gerteis

Download or read book From Contraband to Freedman written by Louis S. Gerteis and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis posits that for the military and many government officials, emancipation of slaves was a military, not social, necessity. Some freedmen joined the Union Army, while approximately 193,000 of almost 1,000,000 freedmen within Union lines were organized by the federal government as laborers in contraband camps. The Freedmen's Bureau was created within the War Department in 1865 to aid the approximately 1,000,000 former slaves through education, health care and employment. The author asserts that because emancipation came as a war necessity, the contraband labor system succeeded only to the extent that the freedmen usefully served the needs of the Union Army. Once the Civil War ended, the system virtually collapsed and the Freedmen's Bureau did little more than liquidate the wartime labor programs while facilitating the restoration of antebellum property rights and trying to institute a contract labor system instead of creating a class of independent black farmers.

Grant, Lincoln, and the Freedmen: Reminiscences of the Civil War

Author : John Eaton
Publisher : BIG BYTE BOOKS
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Grant, Lincoln, and the Freedmen: Reminiscences of the Civil War by : John Eaton

Download or read book Grant, Lincoln, and the Freedmen: Reminiscences of the Civil War written by John Eaton and published by BIG BYTE BOOKS. This book was released on with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With thousands of ex-slaves fleeing to Union lines and the prospect of millions more to be emancipated, Abraham Lincoln and General Ulysses S. Grant foresaw enormous challenges ahead. What would be done with and for the freedmen? Grant turned to Colonel (later General) John Eaton to manage the gathering crisis. Eaton felt wholly inadequate to the huge task and tried to beg off, citing the resistance he knew he would encounter from many quarters, including Union officers who used free blacks as servants. Grant quietly replied, "Mr. Eaton, I have ordered you to report to me in person, and I will take care of you." This book, far too long out-of-print, details Eaton's approach to establishing policies that met the needs of freed slaves, as well as the military aims of General Grant and the governing aims of Abraham Lincoln. With personal anecdotes included from his meetings with Lincoln and Grant, you'll read stories here that you may not have read elsewhere. Eaton came to understand that the former slaves yearned desperately for their freedom, were entitled to their personhood, and he was astonished at their hunger for books and learning. He established schools and in 1863 and was an advocate of Negro suffrage. Eaton was made colonel of the 63rd Regiment of Colored Infantry. For the first time, this important work is available as an affordable, well-formatted book for e-readers and smartphones. Be sure to LOOK INSIDE or download a sample.

Freedom: Volume 1, Series 1: The Destruction of Slavery

Author : Ira Berlin
Publisher : CUP Archive
ISBN 13 : 9780521229791
Total Pages : 906 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (297 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom: Volume 1, Series 1: The Destruction of Slavery by : Ira Berlin

Download or read book Freedom: Volume 1, Series 1: The Destruction of Slavery written by Ira Berlin and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1985 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains primary source material.

Freedom

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521132138
Total Pages : 968 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom by :

Download or read book Freedom written by and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sick from Freedom

Author : Jim Downs
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199908788
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Sick from Freedom by : Jim Downs

Download or read book Sick from Freedom written by Jim Downs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bondspeople who fled from slavery during and after the Civil War did not expect that their flight toward freedom would lead to sickness, disease, suffering, and death. But the war produced the largest biological crisis of the nineteenth century, and as historian Jim Downs reveals in this groundbreaking volume, it had deadly consequences for hundreds of thousands of freed people. In Sick from Freedom, Downs recovers the untold story of one of the bitterest ironies in American history--that the emancipation of the slaves, seen as one of the great turning points in U.S. history, had devastating consequences for innumerable freed people. Drawing on massive new research into the records of the Medical Division of the Freedmen's Bureau-a nascent national health system that cared for more than one million freed slaves-he shows how the collapse of the plantation economy released a plague of lethal diseases. With emancipation, African Americans seized the chance to move, migrating as never before. But in their journey to freedom, they also encountered yellow fever, smallpox, cholera, dysentery, malnutrition, and exposure. To address this crisis, the Medical Division hired more than 120 physicians, establishing some forty underfinanced and understaffed hospitals scattered throughout the South, largely in response to medical emergencies. Downs shows that the goal of the Medical Division was to promote a healthy workforce, an aim which often excluded a wide range of freedpeople, including women, the elderly, the physically disabled, and children. Downs concludes by tracing how the Reconstruction policy was then implemented in the American West, where it was disastrously applied to Native Americans. The widespread medical calamity sparked by emancipation is an overlooked episode of the Civil War and its aftermath, poignantly revealed in Sick from Freedom.

Free at Last

Author : Ira Berlin
Publisher : Booksales
ISBN 13 : 9780785808046
Total Pages : 571 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Free at Last by : Ira Berlin

Download or read book Free at Last written by Ira Berlin and published by Booksales. This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary: Brings together letters, along with personal testimony, official transcripts, and other records documenting the story of how black Americans achieved their freedom.

The Gettysburg Address

Author : Abraham Lincoln
Publisher : Open Road Media
ISBN 13 : 1504080246
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gettysburg Address by : Abraham Lincoln

Download or read book The Gettysburg Address written by Abraham Lincoln and published by Open Road Media. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complete text of one of the most important speeches in American history, delivered by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln arrived at the battlefield near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, to remember not only the grim bloodshed that had just occurred there, but also to remember the American ideals that were being put to the ultimate test by the Civil War. A rousing appeal to the nation’s better angels, The Gettysburg Address remains an inspiring vision of the United States as a country “conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.”

Troubled Refuge

Author : Chandra Manning
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307456374
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Troubled Refuge by : Chandra Manning

Download or read book Troubled Refuge written by Chandra Manning and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2017-07-25 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the author of What This Cruel War Was Over, a vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps and how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Chandra Manning casts in a wholly original light what it was like to escape slavery, how emancipation happened, and how citizenship in the United States was transformed. This reshaping of hard structures of power would matter not only for slaves turned citizens, but for all Americans. Integrating a wealth of new findings, this vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps shows how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Drawing on records of the Union and Confederate armies, the letters and diaries of soldiers, transcribed testimonies of former slaves, and more, Manning allows us to accompany the black men, women, and children who sought out the Union army in hopes of achieving autonomy for themselves and their communities. It also raised, for the first time, humanitarian questions about refugees in wartime and legal questions about civil and military authority with which we still wrestle, as well as redefined American citizenship, to the benefit, but also to the lasting cost of, African Americans.

Embattled Freedom

Author : Amy Murrell Taylor
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469643634
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Embattled Freedom by : Amy Murrell Taylor

Download or read book Embattled Freedom written by Amy Murrell Taylor and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil War was just days old when the first enslaved men, women, and children began fleeing their plantations to seek refuge inside the lines of the Union army as it moved deep into the heart of the Confederacy. In the years that followed, hundreds of thousands more followed in a mass exodus from slavery that would destroy the system once and for all. Drawing on an extraordinary survey of slave refugee camps throughout the country, Embattled Freedom reveals as never before the everyday experiences of these refugees from slavery as they made their way through the vast landscape of army-supervised camps that emerged during the war. Amy Murrell Taylor vividly reconstructs the human world of wartime emancipation, taking readers inside military-issued tents and makeshift towns, through commissary warehouses and active combat, and into the realities of individuals and families struggling to survive physically as well as spiritually. Narrating their journeys in and out of the confines of the camps, Taylor shows in often gripping detail how the most basic necessities of life were elemental to a former slave's quest for freedom and full citizenship. The stories of individuals--storekeepers, a laundress, and a minister among them--anchor this ambitious and wide-ranging history and demonstrate with new clarity how contingent the slaves' pursuit of freedom was on the rhythms and culture of military life. Taylor brings new insight into the enormous risks taken by formerly enslaved people to find freedom in the midst of the nation's most destructive war.

A Nation Under Our Feet

Author : Steven Hahn
Publisher : Belknap Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674017658
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis A Nation Under Our Feet by : Steven Hahn

Download or read book A Nation Under Our Feet written by Steven Hahn and published by Belknap Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing the role of kinship, labor, and networks in the African American community, the author retraces six generations of black struggles since the end of the Civil War, revealing a "nation" under construction.

Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865

Author : James Oakes
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393089711
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865 by : James Oakes

Download or read book Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865 written by James Oakes and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Lincoln Prize "Oakes brilliantly succeeds in [clarifying] the aims of the war with a wholly new perspective." —David Brion Davis, New York Review of Books Freedom National is a groundbreaking history of emancipation that joins the political initiatives of Lincoln and the Republicans in Congress with the courageous actions of Union soldiers and runaway slaves in the South. It shatters the widespread conviction that the Civil War was first and foremost a war to restore the Union and only gradually, when it became a military necessity, a war to end slavery. These two aims—"Liberty and Union, one and inseparable"—were intertwined in Republican policy from the very start of the war. By summer 1861 the federal government invoked military authority to begin freeing slaves, immediately and without slaveholder compensation, as they fled to Union lines in the disloyal South. In the loyal Border States the Republicans tried coaxing officials into gradual abolition with promises of compensation and the colonization abroad of freed blacks. James Oakes shows that Lincoln’s landmark 1863 proclamation marked neither the beginning nor the end of emancipation: it triggered a more aggressive phase of military emancipation, sending Union soldiers onto plantations to entice slaves away and enlist the men in the army. But slavery proved deeply entrenched, with slaveholders determined to re-enslave freedmen left behind the shifting Union lines. Lincoln feared that the war could end in Union victory with slavery still intact. The Thirteenth Amendment that so succinctly abolished slavery was no formality: it was the final act in a saga of immense war, social upheaval, and determined political leadership. Fresh and compelling, this magisterial history offers a new understanding of the death of slavery and the rebirth of a nation.

Freedom: Volume 2, Series 1: The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor: The Upper South

Author : Ira Berlin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521417426
Total Pages : 830 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom: Volume 2, Series 1: The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor: The Upper South by : Ira Berlin

Download or read book Freedom: Volume 2, Series 1: The Wartime Genesis of Free Labor: The Upper South written by Ira Berlin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-11-26 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1993 volume of Freedom presents a history of the emergence of free-labor relations in different settings in the Upper South.

Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation

Author : Allen C. Guelzo
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1416547959
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation by : Allen C. Guelzo

Download or read book Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation written by Allen C. Guelzo and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2006-11-07 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the nation's foremost Lincoln scholars offers an authoritative consideration of the document that represents the most far-reaching accomplishment of our greatest president. No single official paper in American history changed the lives of as many Americans as Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. But no American document has been held up to greater suspicion. Its bland and lawyerlike language is unfavorably compared to the soaring eloquence of the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural; its effectiveness in freeing the slaves has been dismissed as a legal illusion. And for some African-Americans the Proclamation raises doubts about Lincoln himself. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation dispels the myths and mistakes surrounding the Emancipation Proclamation and skillfully reconstructs how America's greatest president wrote the greatest American proclamation of freedom.

What This Cruel War Was Over

Author : Chandra Manning
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307267431
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis What This Cruel War Was Over by : Chandra Manning

Download or read book What This Cruel War Was Over written by Chandra Manning and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using letters, diaries, and regimental newspapers to take us inside the minds of Civil War soldiers—black and white, Northern and Southern—as they fought and marched across a divided country, this unprecedented account is “an essential contribution to our understanding of slavery and the Civil War" (The Philadelphia Inquirer). In this unprecedented account, Chandra Manning With stunning poise and narrative verve, Manning explores how the Union and Confederate soldiers came to identify slavery as the central issue of the war and what that meant for a tumultuous nation. This is a brilliant and eye-opening debut and an invaluable addition to our understanding of the Civil War as it has never been rendered before.