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Science Society And Values
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Book Synopsis Science, Society, and Values by : Sal P. Restivo
Download or read book Science, Society, and Values written by Sal P. Restivo and published by Lehigh University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He has tried - in his career and, specifically, in this volume - to understand science without accepting the culture of science uncritically.
Book Synopsis Science in a Democratic Society by : Philip Kitcher
Download or read book Science in a Democratic Society written by Philip Kitcher and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this successor to his pioneering Science, Truth, and Democracy, the author revisits the topic explored in his previous work—namely, the challenges of integrating science, the most successful knowledge-generating system of all time, with the problems of democracy. But in this new work, the author goes far beyond that earlier book in studying places at which the practice of science fails to answer social needs. He considers a variety of examples of pressing concern, ranging from climate change to religiously inspired constraints on biomedical research to the neglect of diseases that kill millions of children annually, analyzing the sources of trouble. He shows the fallacies of thinking that democracy always requires public debate of issues most people cannot comprehend, and argues that properly constituted expertise is essential to genuine democracy. No previous book has treated the place of science in democratic society so comprehensively and systematically, with attention to different aspects of science and to pressing problems of our times.
Book Synopsis Emerging Dynamics: Science, Energy, Society and Values by : Loucas G. Christophorou
Download or read book Emerging Dynamics: Science, Energy, Society and Values written by Loucas G. Christophorou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Dynamics: Science, Energy, Society and Values focuses on the impact of science, science-based technology and scientific values on present-day humanity and its future. The book advocates for a science willing to accommodate both human values and scientific facts. The four main subjects focused on throughout the text are: The overwhelming impact of modern science and science-based technology on virtually every aspect of human life Human values and their significance for science and society The need for mutual accommodation between scientific values and the traditional values of society The fundamental role of energy for civilization and society. The book cuts across scientific disciplines and looks at modern civilization through the knowledge provided by the physical, chemical, biomedical and other branches of natural science. The book is unique in its holistic approach, combining knowledge acquired by deduction, reduction-induction, and experimental scientific methods with knowledge acquired through history, philosophy, the arts, faith and cultural traditions. Modern civilization’s most distinct characteristics are due to science, science-based technology and energy. The role of energy in the sustainability of civilization and the impact of biomedical science on man are especially emphasized throughout this timely book, making a case for a hopeful future based on both science and values. A science guided in its applications by human values and a value system cognizant of the facts of science and willing to accommodate them
Book Synopsis Science, Values, and Objectivity by : Peter Machamer
Download or read book Science, Values, and Objectivity written by Peter Machamer and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2004 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of essays that identify the values crucial to science, distinguish some of the criteria that can be used for value identification, and elaborate the conditions for warranting certain values as necessary or central to scientific research.
Book Synopsis Science, Technology, and Society by : Sal P. Restivo
Download or read book Science, Technology, and Society written by Sal P. Restivo and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2005 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Science, Technology, and Society' offers approximately 150 articles written by major scholars and experts from academic and scientific institutions worldwide. The theme is the functions and effects of science and technology in society and culture.
Book Synopsis Science as Social Knowledge by : Helen E. Longino
Download or read book Science as Social Knowledge written by Helen E. Longino and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1990-02-21 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conventional wisdom has it that the sciences, properly pursued, constitute a pure, value-free method of obtaining knowledge about the natural world. In light of the social and normative dimensions of many scientific debates, Helen Longino finds that general accounts of scientific methodology cannot support this common belief. Focusing on the notion of evidence, the author argues that a methodology powerful enough to account for theories of any scope and depth is incapable of ruling out the influence of social and cultural values in the very structuring of knowledge. The objectivity of scientific inquiry can nevertheless be maintained, she proposes, by understanding scientific inquiry as a social rather than an individual process. Seeking to open a dialogue between methodologists and social critics of the sciences, Longino develops this concept of "contextual empiricism" in an analysis of research programs that have drawn criticism from feminists. Examining theories of human evolution and of prenatal hormonal determination of "gender-role" behavior, of sex differences in cognition, and of sexual orientation, the author shows how assumptions laden with social values affect the description, presentation, and interpretation of data. In particular, Longino argues that research on the hormonal basis of "sex-differentiated behavior" involves assumptions not only about gender relations but also about human action and agency. She concludes with a discussion of the relation between science, values, and ideology, based on the work of Habermas, Foucault, Keller, and Haraway.
Book Synopsis The Many Faces Of Science by : Henry Byerly
Download or read book The Many Faces Of Science written by Henry Byerly and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 2000-08-24 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Many Faces of Science, Leslie Stevenson and Henry Byerly masterfully, and painlessly, provide the information and the philosophical reflections students need to gain an understanding of the institution of modern science and its increasing impact on our lives and cultures. In this second edition, the authors update topics they explored in the first edition, and present new case studies on subjects such as HIV and AIDS, women in science, and work done in psychology and the social sciences. The authors also extend their discussion of science and values, in addition to revising their study of science and technology to emphasize changes in scientific practice today. Accessible and rich with case studies, anecdotes, personal asides, and keen insight, The Many Faces of Science is the ideal interdisciplinary introduction for nonscientists and scientists in courses on science studies, science and society, and science and human values. It will also prove useful as supplementary reading in courses on science and philosophy, sociology, and political science.
Book Synopsis A Tapestry of Values by : Kevin C. Elliott
Download or read book A Tapestry of Values written by Kevin C. Elliott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of values in scientific research has become an important topic of discussion in both scholarly and popular debates. Pundits across the political spectrum worry that research on topics like climate change, evolutionary theory, vaccine safety, and genetically modified foods has become overly politicized. At the same time, it is clear that values play an important role in science by limiting unethical forms of research and by deciding what areas of research have the greatest relevance for society. Deciding how to distinguish legitimate and illegitimate influences of values in scientific research is a matter of vital importance. Recently, philosophers of science have written a great deal on this topic, but most of their work has been directed toward a scholarly audience. This book makes the contemporary philosophical literature on science and values accessible to a wide readership. It examines case studies from a variety of research areas, including climate science, anthropology, chemical risk assessment, ecology, neurobiology, biomedical research, and agriculture. These cases show that values have necessary roles to play in identifying research topics, choosing research questions, determining the aims of inquiry, responding to uncertainty, and deciding how to communicate information. Kevin Elliott focuses not just on describing roles for values but also on determining when their influences are actually appropriate. He emphasizes several conditions for incorporating values in a legitimate fashion, and highlights multiple strategies for fostering engagement between stakeholders so that value influences can be subjected to careful and critical scrutiny.
Book Synopsis The Challenge of the Social and the Pressure of Practice by : Martin Carrier
Download or read book The Challenge of the Social and the Pressure of Practice written by Martin Carrier and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers, sociologists, and historians of science offer a multidisciplinary view of the complex interrelationships of values in science and society, in both contemporary and historic contexts. They analyze the impact of commercialization and politicization on epistemic aspirations, and conversely, the ethical dilemmas raised by “practically relevant” science in today's society.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Science on Society by : B. Russell
Download or read book The Impact of Science on Society written by B. Russell and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on 1952 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this concices and luminous book ... [Russell] examines the changes in modern life brought about by science. he suggests that its work in transforming society is only just beginning"--from inside upper cover.
Book Synopsis Between Science and Values by : Loren R. Graham
Download or read book Between Science and Values written by Loren R. Graham and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the influence of the physical and biological sciences on society, ethics, and philosophy during the twentieth century
Book Synopsis Enhancing the Value and Sustainability of Field Stations and Marine Laboratories in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Enhancing the Value and Sustainability of Field Stations and Marine Laboratories in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-09-11 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over a century, field stations have been important entryways for scientists to study and make important discoveries about the natural world. They are centers of research, conservation, education, and public outreach, often embedded in natural environments that range from remote to densely populated urban locations. Because they lack traditional university departmental boundaries, researchers at field stations have the opportunity to converge their science disciplines in ways that can change careers and entire fields of inquiry. Field stations provide physical space for immersive research, hands-on learning, and new collaborations that are otherwise hard to achieve in the everyday bustle of research and teaching lives on campus. But the separation from university campuses that allows creativity to flourish also creates challenges. Sometimes, field stations are viewed as remote outposts and are overlooked because they tend to be away from population centers and their home institutions. This view is exacerbated by the lack of empirical evidence that can be used to demonstrate their value to science and society. Enhancing the Value and Sustainability of Field Stations and Marine Laboratories in the 21st Century summarizes field stations' value to science, education, and outreach and evaluates their contributions to research, innovation, and education. This report suggests strategies to meet future research, education, outreach, infrastructure, funding, and logistical needs of field stations. Today's technologies - such as streaming data, remote sensing, robot-driven monitoring, automated DNA sequencing, and nanoparticle environmental sensors - provide means for field stations to retain their special connection to nature and still interact with the rest of the world in ways that can fuel breakthroughs in the environmental, physical, natural, and social sciences. The intellectual and natural capital of today's field stations present a solid platform, but many need enhancements of infrastructure and dynamic leadership if they are to meet the challenges of the complex problems facing the world. This report focuses on the capability of field stations to address societal needs today and in the future.
Book Synopsis Ideas, Machines, and Values by : Stephen H. Cutcliffe
Download or read book Ideas, Machines, and Values written by Stephen H. Cutcliffe and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2000 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideas, Machines, and Values is an introductory overview of the emergence of STS as a field of study, as well as a portrait of its current interests and concerns. The book examines the growth of STS from its birth inthe mid-1960's through its development as an interdisciplinary field to its present state. Also addressed are the questions 'Why should we study STS?' and 'In what direction should STS be headed?' This work is highly recommended for anyone interested in building a solid foundation for Science, Technology, and Society Studies.
Book Synopsis Science, Technology, and Society by : Wenda K. Bauchspies
Download or read book Science, Technology, and Society written by Wenda K. Bauchspies and published by Blackwell Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, Technology and Society: A Sociological Approach is a comprehensive guide to the emergent field of science, technology, and society (STS) studies and its implications for today’s culture and society. Discusses current STS topics, research tools, and theories Tackles some of the most urgent issues in current STS studies, including power and culture, race, gender, colonialism, the Internet, cyborgs and robots, and biotechnology Includes case studies, a glossary, and further reading lists
Book Synopsis Red, Black, and Objective by : Sal Restivo
Download or read book Red, Black, and Objective written by Sal Restivo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the empirical findings generated by researchers in science studies, and adopting Kropotkin's concept of anarchism as one of the social sciences, Red, Black, and Objective expounds and develops an anarchist account of science as a social construction and social institution. Restivo's account is at once normative, analytical, organizational, and policy oriented, in particular with respect to education. With attention to the social practices and discourse of science, this book engages with the works of Feyerabend and Nietzsche, as well as philosophers and historians of objectivity to ground an anarchistic sociology of science. Marx and Durkheim figure prominently in this account as precursors of the contemporary science studies perspective on the perennial question, "What is science?" The result is an approach to understanding the science-and-society nexus that is at once an extension of Restivo's earlier work and a novel adaptation of the anarchist agenda. Red, Black, and Objective is an exploration by one of the founders of the science studies movement of questions in theory, practice, values, and policy. As such, it will appeal to those with interests in science and technology studies, social theory, and sociology and philosophy of science and technology.
Book Synopsis Science, Society and the Environment by : Michael R. Dove
Download or read book Science, Society and the Environment written by Michael R. Dove and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an era when pressing environmental problems make collaboration across the divide between sciences and arts and humanities essential, this book presents the results of a collaborative analysis by an anthropologist and a physicist of four key junctures between science, society, and environment. The first focuses on the systemic bias in science in favour of studying esoteric subjects as distinct from the mundane subjects of everyday life; the second is a study of the fire-climax grasslands of Southeast Asia, especially those dominated by Imperata cylindrica (sword grass); the third reworks the idea of ‘moral economy’, applying it to relations between environment and society; and the fourth focuses on the evolution of the global discourse of the culpability and responsibility of climate change. The volume concludes with the insights of an interdisciplinary perspective for the natural and social science of sustainability. It argues that failures of conservation and development must be viewed systemically, and that mundane topics are no less complex than the more esoteric subjects of science. The book addresses a current blind spot within the academic research community to focusing attention on the seemingly common and mundane beliefs and practices that ultimately play the central role in the human interaction with the environment. This book will benefit students and scholars from a number of different academic disciplines, including conservation and environment studies, development studies, studies of global environmental change, anthropology, geography, sociology, politics, and science and technology studies.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309391253 Total Pages :327 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Fostering Integrity in Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Fostering Integrity in Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
