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Russian Unemployment And Enterprise Restructuring
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Book Synopsis Russian Unemployment and Enterprise Restructuring by : Guy Standing
Download or read book Russian Unemployment and Enterprise Restructuring written by Guy Standing and published by MacMillan. This book was released on 1996 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1990s, attempted shock therapy unemployment much worse than many economists claimed. This book, based on an enterprise survey conducted between 1991 and 1994, examines how factories responded to unprecedented pressures, highlighting employment cuts, changing corporate governance and unanticipated labour market outcomes.
Book Synopsis Enterprise Restructuring and Economic Policy in Russia by : Simon Commander
Download or read book Enterprise Restructuring and Economic Policy in Russia written by Simon Commander and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers the achievements and challenges facing East Asia's workers. The report reviews labor outcomes and evaluates the benefits of rapid growth to workers and the impact that the region's role in the global economy has had on them. It also examines labor market policies and institutions in the region, labor in the transition economies, and the outlook for East Asian workers in the 21st century. Also available: World Development Report 1995: Workers in an Integrating World Stock no. 61102 (ISBN 0-19-521102-2).
Book Synopsis Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? by : Simon Commander
Download or read book Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? written by Simon Commander and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Is Russia Restructuring? by : Harry G. Broadman
Download or read book Is Russia Restructuring? written by Harry G. Broadman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors explore the labor dynamics of Russian enterprise restructuring, empirically assessing how patterns of job creation and destruction are related to various aspects of enterprise restructuring across firms in different sectors and regions, and to different forms, sizes, vintages, and performance characteristics of ownership. Evidence from case studies - based on more than 50 site visits in 2000 - suggests that jobs have been destroyed, but only to a limited degree in some sectors and regions, largely because of institutional and incentive constraints and a still-widespread "socialist" corporate culture. Jobs have been created - particularly in sectors where devaluation had the most pronounced effect on important substitution and export promotion - but only slowly, mostly for lack of skilled workers and because regional mobility is limited. Labor turnover appears higher within regions than across regions. Newly available data for 1996 - 99 (provided by Goskomstat) for about 128,000 enterprises in 24 industrial sectors in Russia's 89 regions indicates that the typical firm has experienced only modest downsizing - about 12 percent - in number of employees. Smaller firms have entered, and larger, mature businesses have exited some sectors. Except for a lull in 1998, the rate of job creation has steadily increased and the rate of job destruction has declined, dropping substantially in 1998 - 99. "Voluntary" worker separations remain the main - and growing - form of layoff, and the proportion of layoffs through redundancies is shrinking (now about 4 percent of total separations). Firm size and net employment growth are not statistically related, but form of ownership seems to matter. Firm size is also statistically correlated (positively) with profitability, but restructuring through changes in net employment growth appears not to be. It seems Russian restructuring needs to become more efficient.
Book Synopsis Reviving Dead Souls by : Guy Standing
Download or read book Reviving Dead Souls written by Guy Standing and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Enterprise Restructuring and the Role of Managers in Russia by : Gary Krueger
Download or read book Enterprise Restructuring and the Role of Managers in Russia written by Gary Krueger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the story of what might have been considered an unlikely source of dynamic change in Russia - formerly state-owned manufacturing enterprises and their managers. Based on interviews conducted over a six-year span with managers at 47 manufacturing, light industry, consumer durable, and food processing firms in four Russian cities, the study documents the real world challenge of turning hidebound, often dysfunctional manufacturing operations into thriving companies. With analytical rigor and theoretical creativity, this work will dispel some common misconceptions about the Russian economy and make a contribution to the literature about management, company strategies, and corporate governance.
Book Synopsis Enterprise Restructuring and Unemployment in Models of Transition by : Simon Commander
Download or read book Enterprise Restructuring and Unemployment in Models of Transition written by Simon Commander and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is primarily concerned with the first key component of transition: restructuringthe changing behavior of firms and their complex interaction with the labor market, most particularly with unemployment. Chapter 1 gives an overview of firm behavior, restructuring, and the labor market in the transition. Chapter 2 focuses on the effect of output, ownership, and legal form on employment and wages in Central European firms. Chapter 3 explores employment and wage setting in three stages of Hungary's labor market transition. Chapter 4 considers enterprises in the Polish transition. Chapter 5 explains labor market flows in the midst of structural change. Chapter 6 explores the role of unemployment and restructuring in the transition, and chapter 7 presents a numerical model of transition. Emphasis is placed on the Czech and Slovak Republics, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, and Russia.
Book Synopsis Enterprise Restructuring in Russian Industry and Mass Unemployment by : Guy Standing
Download or read book Enterprise Restructuring in Russian Industry and Mass Unemployment written by Guy Standing and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Restructuring, Stabilizing and Modernizing the New Russia by : Paul J.J. Welfens
Download or read book Restructuring, Stabilizing and Modernizing the New Russia written by Paul J.J. Welfens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia has embarked upon a difficult process of systemic transformation and economic opening up. While the initial strong GDP decline seemed to have ended in 1997, the real development was facing even more difficult problems as output declined sharply after the Ruble and banking crisis of August 1998: inflation started to increase again, exports and imports were falling, capital flight increasing and unemployment rising. There is broad disappointment in Russia regarding the transformation failure in 1998 since so many people had hoped that the end of the Soviet command economy would bring democracy, prosperity and international integration. While Poland has been able to double per capita income in the 1990s it has fallen by 50% in Russia and this despite considerable IMF involvement and some (modest) support from other international organizations. What were the reasons for transformation failure in the 1990s? What are the ingredients for long term sustainable transformation? What are the internal and international requirements to avoid a second - possibly tragic - failure of transformation in Russia? An international group of researchers has focussed on these problems during a two-year research project financed by the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundation. A series of papers were presented at workshops in Potsdam, Bonn and Moscow in 1999 where this book is devoted to four important issues: the Russian transformation crisis, the topic of restructuring, the need for stabilizing Russia and the requirements for modernizing Russia.
Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment Without Mass Unemployment? by : Simon Clarke
Download or read book Structural Adjustment Without Mass Unemployment? written by Simon Clarke and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers of a dozen contributors, the majority Russian, converge on a crucial aspect of the democratic and economic transition period: the impact of stabilization and structural adjustment on the formation of a labor market. Labor market rigidities pose a threat to this experiment's success. The papers, derived from a 1996 conference on the Russian labor market held at the University of Warwick, address such areas as: labor market features and problems, enterprise restructuring, the vulnerability of women's employment, views of the registered unemployed, and case studies. Tables and figures augment the text. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? Enterprise Restructuring and the Structure of Compensation by : Simon Commander
Download or read book Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? Enterprise Restructuring and the Structure of Compensation written by Simon Commander and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1996 The authors explain why in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) - especially Russia - unemployment has remained low and employment in state and privatized firms has remained high, while at the same time the informal or unofficial economy has grown swiftly. They trace this development to a combination of factors, including the control regime of state and privatized firms, the nature of worker compensation, and privatized firms, and the nature of subsidies or financial supports that firms continue to receive. Firms have remained the primary site for social protection. Subsidies for social benefits have effectively been a subsidy to employment and have promoted the workers' continuing attachment to these firms. Partly because the subsidies still flow and partly because of the firms' internal control structure, firms have held back on shedding labor. Firms typically work at low capacity. Instead of laying workers off, they significantly cut hours and wages, sometimes through wage arrears. The share of worker compensation that is nonmonetary had grown during the transition, and is significant. So workers search for additional sources of income, either moonlight or get involved in the informal economy. Why has this happened? Privatization has so far failed to keep firms from behaving as if they have important social responsibilities. Managers may have more discretion in decisionmaking, but seem to be reluctant to fire workers. This reluctance reflects various pressures, including insider coalitions and pressure from local and federal governments to limit the flow to unemployment. One factor may be the need to keep workers cooperative and possibly repel outsider interest. And in the FSU, many firms continue to operate under soft budget constraints, so they are under less pressure to reduce employment levels than firms in Eastern and Central Europe. The authors show that under certain conditions if the subsidy to insider-dominated firms disappears, those firms will scale down employment and the provision of benefits. In a firm with two divisions - one that produces and one that provides benefits - the dominant (producing) division will tend to close down the benefits-providing division if the firm assumes a simple majority decision rule.
Book Synopsis Unemployment, Restructuring, and the Labor Market in Eastern Europe and Russia by : Simon Commander
Download or read book Unemployment, Restructuring, and the Labor Market in Eastern Europe and Russia written by Simon Commander and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 263. Management of water resources is essential for long-term, environmentally sustainable human and economic development. Increasingly, the World Bank and other international organizations are called upon to provide support in the formulation of water resources strategies. This volume serves as a guide for developing countries in creating their strategies by outlining a general process. It also suggests ways for countries to build capacity through the process of designing and implementing such strategies. The volume is divided into two parts. Part I covers the purpose and process of strategy formulation. The process consists of a water resource assessment and then the design and choice of options. Part II reviews such main concepts as institutional and human resources, stakeholder participation, information systems, economics, environment and health, and international issues.
Book Synopsis How Much Unemployment is Needed for Restructuring? by : P. Richard G. Layard
Download or read book How Much Unemployment is Needed for Restructuring? written by P. Richard G. Layard and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? Enterprise Restructuring and the Structure of Compensation by : Simon John Commander
Download or read book Why is Unemployment Low in the Former Soviet Union? Enterprise Restructuring and the Structure of Compensation written by Simon John Commander and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1996The authors explain why in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) - especially Russia - unemployment has remained low and employment in state and privatized firms has remained high, while at the same time the informal or unofficial economy has grown swiftly. They trace this development to a combination of factors, including the control regime of state and privatized firms, the nature of worker compensation, and privatized firms, and the nature of subsidies or financial supports that firms continue to receive. Firms have remained the primary site for social protection. Subsidies for social benefits have effectively been a subsidy to employment and have promoted the workers' continuing attachment to these firms. Partly because the subsidies still flow and partly because of the firms' internal control structure, firms have held back on shedding labor. Firms typically work at low capacity. Instead of laying workers off, they significantly cut hours and wages, sometimes through wage arrears. The share of worker compensation that is nonmonetary had grown during the transition, and is significant. So workers search for additional sources of income, either moonlight or get involved in the informal economy. Why has this happened? Privatization has so far failed to keep firms from behaving as if they have important social responsibilities. Managers may have more discretion in decisionmaking, but seem to be reluctant to fire workers. This reluctance reflects various pressures, including insider coalitions and pressure from local and federal governments to limit the flow to unemployment. One factor may be the need to keep workers cooperative and possibly repel outsider interest. And in the FSU, many firms continue to operate under soft budget constraints, so they are under less pressure to reduce employment levels than firms in Eastern and Central Europe. The authors show that under certain conditions if the subsidy to insider-dominated firms disappears, those firms will scale down employment and the provision of benefits. In a firm with two divisions - one that produces and one that provides benefits - the dominant (producing) division will tend to close down the benefits-providing division if the firm assumes a simple majority decision rule.
Book Synopsis Russian Enterprise Reform by : Harry G. Broadman
Download or read book Russian Enterprise Reform written by Harry G. Broadman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To enhance and sustain economic prosperity, Russian authorities must improve the business climate so that firms restructure and the private sector thrives within a market environment. Meeting this challenge requires actions on several fronts. The Russian government asked the World Bank to write policy papers to address this issue. This volume contains those policy papers which were then presented at a high-level workshop in Moscow. The topics include: removing impediments to robust interfirm competition, such as structural concentration, arbitrary regulatory practices, and entry barriers; strengthening corporate governance incentive systems; enhancing the nascent institutional framework for the exercise of creditor rights and implementation of enterprise bankruptcy procedures; reducing barter and other nonmonetary forms of business transactions; and fostering enterprise restructuring. The volume also contains formal comments on these papers presented by senior Russian officials at the workshop.
Book Synopsis Transforming The Core by : Maurice Ernst
Download or read book Transforming The Core written by Maurice Ernst and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1995-12-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In considering the roadblocks facing transition economies, this text focuses on a vital but generally negected sector—large state-owned industrial enterprises. Even though many of the formerly socialist countries have made significant strides in privatization, they have all found it immensely difficult, both politically and practically, to dismantle large enterprises, given the massive unemployment and economic dislocation that would result. Yet these enterprises constitute a heavy burden on fledgling economies by drawing scarce funds away from profitable investments, notably in the private sector.Comparing four countries that are rarely juxtaposed—Russia, Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic (with frequent references made also to China—the authors draw out the important similarities and differences among them and discuss implications for the future. The first systematic, genuinely comparative analysis of the biggest hurdle to the development of true market economies, this study, with its wealth of data and informed interpretation, will be essential reading for students and scholars alike.
Book Synopsis Kremlin Capitalism by : Joseph R. Blasi
Download or read book Kremlin Capitalism written by Joseph R. Blasi and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to describe Russia's massive economic transformation for an American audience, Kremlin Capitalism provides a wealth of data and analyses not previously available in this country. The authors articulate the political and economic goals of Russian privatization, examine the current ownership of the largest enterprises in Russia, and chart the serious problem of corporate governance in the new private businesses. Kremlin Capitalism is based on the only continuous study of Russian privatization throughout the Russian Federation from 1992 to the present. The authors tracked down the story of the transition in the cities, towns, and villages of fifty of Russia's eighty-nine provinces, updating their findings after the June 1996 election. The result is an up-to-the-minute report of the largest property transfer in history and an analysis of one of this century's most significant economic transformations. The volume also characterizes the position of workers in terms of unemployment, wages, union power, and their changing role as employee shareholders.What really happened when Russia privatized its economy? The Kremlin brokered the initial struggle among different interest groups eager to claim a portion of Russian property: workers, managers, the Mafia, the old Soviet bureaucracy, regular citizens, entrepreneurs, Russian banks, and foreigners. While competing with one another, all struggled to free themselves from seventy years of Communist economic culture. Four years after the process began, have large companies learned to offer goods and services profitably and pay dividends to shareholders? Individual stories come alive as the book explores problems Russians face in structuring a new economic system, defining the ownership and governance of thousands of corporations one by one. Russian economic practices are being forged in the heat of fierce political struggles between resurgent Communists and nationalists and old Soviet managers, on the one hand, and more liberal elements of its infant democratic system on the other. Whether a few big conglomerates and the powerful banks and holding companies from Soviet days will dominate the new Russian economy to the exclusion of most citizens remains to be seen.Many questions persist. How will billions of dollars of capital be raised to retool, restructure, and reorient the heart and soul of Russia's economy? Will open stock markets stimulate a new economic order or will that new order be imposed through strong state supports and subsidies? What role will be played by shadowy conglomerates that are trying to shape a disorganized economy into something resembling the old Soviet system? The authors note the paradox of a capitalism conceived, designed, implemented, and evaluated by the Kremlin when one aim of reform is to allow market forces to play freely. Kremlin Capitalism asks whether rapid privatization has catalyzed or complicated the transition to a more liberal political and economic system, a question that will reverberate for decades.
