Retaliation

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Rites of Retaliation

Author : Lorien Foote
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 146966528X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Rites of Retaliation by : Lorien Foote

Download or read book Rites of Retaliation written by Lorien Foote and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Civil War, Union and Confederate politicians, military commanders, everyday soldiers, and civilians claimed their approach to the conflict was civilized, in keeping with centuries of military tradition meant to restrain violence and preserve national honor. One hallmark of civilized warfare was a highly ritualized approach to retaliation. This ritual provided a forum to accuse the enemy of excessive behavior, to negotiate redress according to the laws of war, and to appeal to the judgment of other civilized nations. As the war progressed, Northerners and Southerners feared they were losing their essential identity as civilized, and the attention to retaliation grew more intense. When Black soldiers joined the Union army in campaigns in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, raiding plantations and liberating enslaved people, Confederates argued the war had become a servile insurrection. And when Confederates massacred Black troops after battle, killed white Union foragers after capture, and used prisoners of war as human shields, Federals thought their enemy raised the black flag and embraced savagery. Blending military and cultural history, Lorien Foote's rich and insightful book sheds light on how Americans fought over what it meant to be civilized and who should be extended the protections of a civilized world.

On Retaliation

Author : Bertram Turner
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1785334190
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (853 download)

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Book Synopsis On Retaliation by : Bertram Turner

Download or read book On Retaliation written by Bertram Turner and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2017-04-01 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retaliation is associated with all forms of social and political organization, and retaliatory logics inform many different conflict resolution procedures from consensual settlement to compensation to violent escalations. This book derives a concept of retaliation from the overall notion of reciprocity, defining retaliation as the human disposition to strive for a reactive balancing of conflicts and injustices. On Retaliation presents a synthesized approach to both the violence-generating and violence-avoiding potentials of retaliation. Contributors to this volume touch upon the interaction between retaliation and violence, the state’s monopoly on legitimate punishment and the factors of socio-political frameworks, religious interpretations and economic processes.

Payback

Author : David P. Barash
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199752980
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (529 download)

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Book Synopsis Payback by : David P. Barash

Download or read book Payback written by David P. Barash and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the child taunted by her playmates to the office worker who feels stifled in his daily routine, people frequently take out their pain and anger on others, even those who had nothing to do with the original stress. The bullied child may kick her puppy, the stifled worker yells at his children: Payback can be directed anywhere, sometimes at inanimate things, animals, or other people. In Payback, the husband-and wife team of evolutionary biologist David Barash and psychiatrist Judith Lipton offer an illuminating look at this phenomenon, showing how it has evolved, why it occurs, and what we can do about it. Retaliation and revenge are well known to most people. We all know what it is like to want to get even, get justice, or take revenge. What is new in this book is an extended discussion of redirected aggression, which occurs not only in people but other species as well. The authors reveal that it's not just a matter of yelling at your spouse "because" your boss yells at you. Indeed, the phenomenon of redirected aggression--so-called to differentiate it from retaliation and revenge, the other main forms of payback--haunts our criminal courts, our streets, our battlefields, our homes, and our hearts. It lurks behind some of the nastiest and seemingly inexplicable things that otherwise decent people do, from road rage to yelling at a crying baby. And it exists across boundaries of every kind--culture, time, geography, and even species. Indeed, it's not just a human phenomenon. Passing pain to others can be seen in birds and horses, fish and primates--in virtually all vertebrates. It turns out that there is robust neurobiological hardware and software promoting redirected aggression, as well as evolutionary underpinnings. Payback may be natural, the authors conclude, but we are capable of rising above it, without sacrificing self-esteem and social status. They show how the various human responses to pain and suffering can be managed--mindfully, carefully, and humanely.

Non-Retaliation in Early Jewish and New Testament Texts

Author : Gordon Zerbe
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1474230350
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Retaliation in Early Jewish and New Testament Texts by : Gordon Zerbe

Download or read book Non-Retaliation in Early Jewish and New Testament Texts written by Gordon Zerbe and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the varieties and continuities of ethical exhortations and ideals in the Jewish and Christian traditions (c. 200 BCE-100 CE) that fall under the rubric of non-retaliation. One of the principal conclusions of this thought-provoking work is that a critical factor in determining the shape of non-retaliatory ethics is whether the exhortation is applied to relations within the local and/or elect community or to relations with oppressors of the elect community. It becomes apparent also that the non-retaliatory ethic of the NT stands solidly in the tradition of non-retaliatory ethics in Early Judaism.

Retaliation and Whistleblowers

Author : Paul M. Secunda
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041127720
Total Pages : 809 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Retaliation and Whistleblowers by : Paul M. Secunda

Download or read book Retaliation and Whistleblowers written by Paul M. Secunda and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 809 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, the New York University Annual Conference on Labor calls on outstanding scholars and practitioners in the field to come together to survey and analyze new developments and trends in U.S. labor law and practice. This volume reproduces the texts (updated and reworked by the authors) presented at the 2007 Conference, the 60th in this venerable and highly influential series, at which the theme was andRetaliation and Whistleblowersand . There could not be a more timely exploration of this complex workplace issue. The United States Supreme Court, in several pending cases and in the recent landmark cases of Burlington Northern v. White and Garcetti v. Ceballos, has turned its full attention to workplace retaliation claims. States and municipalities also continue to struggle in laying out the scope of permissible claims under state constitutional and statutory whistleblower provisions and under the common law of wrongful discharge. Among the new and significant issues considered in this volume are the following: new limits on the scope of the cause of action in the wake of Burlington Northern; implied protection of employee activity under ADEA and the FLSA; the scope of andprotected activityand under and§ 806 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; issues of privilege when investigation counsel are used to inform corporate decision-making; state whistleblower laws and the expansion or preemption of common law protections under the common law tort of wrongful discharge; NLRA protection of collective protests by non-union workers; and potential expansion of the formal definition of andjobsand under Garcetti v. Ceballos to foreclose the first amendment avenue. Besides papers by panelists at the Conference, ten other leading practitioners and academics also provide commentary in this volume. As always, this important annual publication offers definitive current scholarship in its theme area of labor and employment law. As such, it will be of inestimable value to practitioners, government officials, academics and others interested in developments in U.S. employment and labor relations law and practice.

Sexual Harassment and Retaliation

Author : Roxella T. Cavazos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781641053013
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexual Harassment and Retaliation by : Roxella T. Cavazos

Download or read book Sexual Harassment and Retaliation written by Roxella T. Cavazos and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harassment claims based on sex, not just sexual conduct or language, continue to increase. At the same time, these cases are becoming more complex and difficult to litigate. With the in-depth contributions of seasoned employment law practitioners from across the country, this important book provides a best practices guide for attorneys who litigate cases on behalf of plaintiff/employees and defendants/employers. Focusing on gender harassment and retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the book begins by providing a platform for which the practitioner can assess and handle gender harassment and retaliation case. The book supplies guidance for performing a thorough analysis of the elements which must be proven and should be considered throughout the litigation of a claim, including planning and defending depositions.

Street Justice

Author : Bruce A. Jacobs
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521617987
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Street Justice by : Bruce A. Jacobs

Download or read book Street Justice written by Bruce A. Jacobs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the structure, process and forms of retaliation in contemporary urban America where street criminals employ it instead of recourse to the criminal justice system. It explores retaliation from a first hand perspective, based on interviews with currently active street criminals rather than prisoners.

Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System

Author : Madeleine Merkx
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041148221
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System by : Madeleine Merkx

Download or read book Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System written by Madeleine Merkx and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on EU VAT implementing regulations, ECJ case law, and national case law, this ground-breaking book provides the first in-depth, coherent legal analysis of how the massively changed circumstances of the last two decades affect the EU VAT Directive, in particular the interpretation of its four specified types of establishment: place of establishment, fixed establishment, permanent address, and usual residence. Recognising that a consistent interpretation of types of establishment is of the utmost importance in ensuring avoidance of double or non-taxation, the author sheds clear light on such VAT issues as the following: ; the concept of fair distribution of taxing powers in VAT; role of the neutrality principle; legal certainty in VAT; place of business for a legal entity or partnership, for a natural person, for a VAT group; beginning and ending of a fixed establishment; the ‘purchase’ fixed establishment; meaning of ‘permanent address’ and ‘usual residence’; the position of the VAT entrepreneur with more than one fixed establishment across jurisdictions; whether supplies exchanged between establishments are taxable; administrative simplicity and efficiency; VAT audits and the prevention of fraud; the intervention rule and the reverse charge mechanism; right to deduct VAT for businesses with multiple establishments; and cross-border VAT grouping and fixed establishment. Thoroughly explained are exceptions that take precedence over the general rules, such as provisions regarding: immovable property; transport services; services relating to cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, educational, entertainment, or similar activities; restaurant and catering services; electronically supplied services; transfers and assignments of intellectual property rights; advertising services; certain consulting services; banking, financial and insurance transactions; natural gas and electricity distribution; telecommunication services; and broadcasting services. As the first truly authoritative resource on a topic of increasing importance in international tax – a key topic for businesses, tax authorities, tax advisors, and government regulators – this book will be warmly welcomed by all professionals working with taxation in legal practice, business, academe, and government.

Crimes and Punishments?: Retaliation under the WTO

Author : Robert Z. Lawrence
Publisher : Peterson Institute
ISBN 13 : 9780881325850
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Crimes and Punishments?: Retaliation under the WTO by : Robert Z. Lawrence

Download or read book Crimes and Punishments?: Retaliation under the WTO written by Robert Z. Lawrence and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2003 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Wrongful Employment Termination Practice

Author : Linda A. Compton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Wrongful Employment Termination Practice by : Linda A. Compton

Download or read book Wrongful Employment Termination Practice written by Linda A. Compton and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

No Fear

Author : Marsha Coleman-Adebayo
Publisher : Chicago Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1569769397
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis No Fear by : Marsha Coleman-Adebayo

Download or read book No Fear written by Marsha Coleman-Adebayo and published by Chicago Review Press. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a young, black, MIT-educated social scientist, Marsha Coleman-Adebayo landed her dream job at the EPA, working with Al Gore, assisting post-apartheid South Africa. But when she tried to get the government to investigate allegations that a multinational corporation was responsible for the deaths of hundreds of South Africans mining vanadium—a vital strategic mineral--she found that the EPA was the first line of defense for the corporation. When the agency stonewalled, Coleman-Adebayo blew the whistle. How could she know that the agency with a hippie-like logo would use every racist and sexist trick in their playbook in retaliation? The EPA cost her her career, endangered her family, and sacrificed more lives in the vanadium mines of South Africa—but also brought about an upwelling of support from others in the federal bureaucracy who were fed up with its crushing repression. Upon prevailing in court, Coleman-Adebayo organized a grassroots struggle to bring protection to all federal employees facing discrimination and retribution from the government. The No FEAR Coalition that she organized waged a two-year-long battle with Congress over the need to protect whistleblowers—and won. This book is her harrowing story.

War of Vengeance

Author : Lonnie R. Speer
Publisher : Stackpole Books
ISBN 13 : 9780811713887
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (138 download)

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Book Synopsis War of Vengeance by : Lonnie R. Speer

Download or read book War of Vengeance written by Lonnie R. Speer and published by Stackpole Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The violent retaliation between sides in the American Civil War was perhaps most apparent in the taking of prisoners. Often, these retaliatory measures were enacted against the innocent-prisoners who were unfortunate enough to be in wrong place at the wrong time. Each chapter of this book undertakes to describe a specific event of retaliatory action. Lonnie Speer takes no sides as he points an accusing finger at both the Union and the Confederacy for their equal parts in treating the prisoners poorly. He explores this little-known wartime violence, focusing on the most notorious and well-documented cases of the practice.

WTO Retaliation

Author : Michelle Limenta
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1509900020
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis WTO Retaliation by : Michelle Limenta

Download or read book WTO Retaliation written by Michelle Limenta and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central point of this book concerns three main issues: the problems of WTO retaliation, the question of the effectiveness of retaliation, and the purposes of retaliation. WTO retaliation is often deemed ineffective due to its inherited shortcomings. This book highlights the significance in identifying the purposes of retaliation prior to evaluating its effectiveness. Put differently, it refers to the purpose-based approach of effectiveness. It is a common understanding that the purpose of WTO retaliation is to induce compliance. This book, nevertheless, argues in favour of coexistence of the multiple purposes of retaliation, including reaching a mutually agreeable solution. These views are based on the extensive research conducted on the purposes of WTO retaliation, namely through interpreting Article 22 of the DSU; examining the remedies rules within the frameworks of public international law, and law and economics; and assessing the academic writings/debates as well as the statements of arbitrators. Finally, by evaluating a number of disputes involving WTO retaliation, this book demonstrates the reasonableness and soundness of WTO retaliation in light of its multiple purposes.

The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement

Author : Chad P. Bown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521119979
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement by : Chad P. Bown

Download or read book The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement written by Chad P. Bown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical assessment of trade retaliation in the WTO by academics, diplomats and practitioners involved in such actions.

Retaliation Through Temporary Trade Barriers

Author : Davide Furceri
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Retaliation Through Temporary Trade Barriers by : Davide Furceri

Download or read book Retaliation Through Temporary Trade Barriers written by Davide Furceri and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are Temporary Trade Barriers (TTBs) introduced for strategic reasons? To answer this question, we construct a novel sectoral measure of retaliation using daily bilateral data on TTB responses in 1220 subsectors across a panel of 25 advanced and emerging market economies over 1989-2019. Stylized facts and econometric analysis suggest that within-year responses are more important in terms of intensity and frequency than commonly understood from the existing literature, which has tended to ignore them. We find that retaliation often consists of responses across many sectors and that same-sector retaliation is far from being the norm. In addition, we find that larger countries tend to retaliate more, and that retaliation is larger during periods of higher unemployment and when the trading partner targeted a domestic comparative advantage sector.

The Psychosocial Impacts of Whistleblower Retaliation

Author : Jacqueline Garrick
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031190556
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychosocial Impacts of Whistleblower Retaliation by : Jacqueline Garrick

Download or read book The Psychosocial Impacts of Whistleblower Retaliation written by Jacqueline Garrick and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-12 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the harms related to whistleblower retaliation, its psychosocial impacts on employees, and the institutional dysfunction it creates and perpetuates. Stigma and biases against whistleblowers interfere with their ability to make protected disclosures when harm to others is at stake. Retaliatory toxic tactics create an atmosphere and corporate culture that embodies fear and encourages bystander behavior. In this book, the authors explore psychosocial impacts across domains that include financial, legal, social, physical, and emotional well-being. Ten of the 14 chapters specifically examine the toxic tactics of retaliation: gaslighting, mobbing, marginalizing, shunning, devaluing, double-binding, career blocking, counter-accusing, bullying, and doxxing. These toxic tactics are the building blocks of workplace traumatic stress (WTS) and can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, substance abuse, and suicide. WTS is a term that differentiates between workplace violence or job stress, which can be components of WTS but do not fully describe the systemic hostile work environment that targets an employee. Understanding WTS and how it disrupts identity, causes moral injury, and shatters world views are important aspects for clinicians treating clients who are victims of this kind of hostile work environment. The Psychosocial Impacts of Whistleblower Retaliation is a useful resource offering a new way for social workers, mental health providers, advocates, and other support services professionals and practitioners to assist whistleblowers. It helps clinicians understand how to view patients suffering from whistleblower retaliation and gives them a lexicon for forensic evaluations. Lawyers, especially those specializing in employment, labor, and Qui Tam cases, also could benefit from having a means to describe the psychosocial impacts of retaliation and WTS on their clients when filing for compensatory damages for pain and suffering during judicial proceedings. Finally, the book could appeal to employees and managers, human resources professionals, victim rights advocates, elected officials, media personnel, and other professionals who are interested in learning more about whistleblower retaliation and its psychosocial and cultural implications.

Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements

Author : Nuno Limão
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0060324163
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements by : Nuno Limão

Download or read book Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements written by Nuno Limão and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors analyze whether financial compensation is preferable to the current system of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization that permits member countries to impose retaliatory tariffs in response to trade violations committed by other members. They show that monetary fines are more efficient than tariffs in terms of granting compensation to injured parties when there are violations in equilibrium. However, fines suffer from an enforcement problem since they must be paid by the violating country. If fines must ultimately be supported by the threat of retaliatory tariffs, they fail to yield a more cooperative outcome than the current system. The authors also consider the use of bonds as a means of settling disputes. If bonds can be posted with a third party, they do not have to be supported by retaliatory tariffs and can improve the negotiating position of countries that are too small to threaten tariff retaliation. "--World Bank web site.