Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation In The Enforcement Of International Trade Agreements

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Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements

Author : Nuno Limão
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0060324163
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements by : Nuno Limão

Download or read book Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements written by Nuno Limão and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The authors analyze whether financial compensation is preferable to the current system of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization that permits member countries to impose retaliatory tariffs in response to trade violations committed by other members. They show that monetary fines are more efficient than tariffs in terms of granting compensation to injured parties when there are violations in equilibrium. However, fines suffer from an enforcement problem since they must be paid by the violating country. If fines must ultimately be supported by the threat of retaliatory tariffs, they fail to yield a more cooperative outcome than the current system. The authors also consider the use of bonds as a means of settling disputes. If bonds can be posted with a third party, they do not have to be supported by retaliatory tariffs and can improve the negotiating position of countries that are too small to threaten tariff retaliation. "--World Bank web site.

Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements

Author : Nuno Lim??o
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements by : Nuno Lim??o

Download or read book Tariff Retaliation Versus Financial Compensation in the Enforcement of International Trade Agreements written by Nuno Lim??o and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors analyze whether financial compensation is preferable to the current system of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization that permits member countries to impose retaliatory tariffs in response to trade violations committed by other members. They show that monetary fines are more efficient than tariffs in terms of granting compensation to injured parties when there are violations in equilibrium. However, fines suffer from an enforcement problem since they must be paid by the violating country. If fines must ultimately be supported by the threat of retaliatory tariffs, they fail to yield a more cooperative outcome than the current system. The authors also consider the use of bonds as a means of settling disputes. If bonds can be posted with a third party, they do not have to be supported by retaliatory tariffs and can improve the negotiating position of countries that are too small to threaten tariff retaliation.

Policy Externalities And International Trade Agreements

Author : Limao Nuno
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813147997
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy Externalities And International Trade Agreements by : Limao Nuno

Download or read book Policy Externalities And International Trade Agreements written by Limao Nuno and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Policy Externalities and International Trade Agreements is a selection of published articles examining how policy externalities motivate and can be addressed by international trading institutions. The studies provide groundbreaking evidence of the role of international market power and policy uncertainty as motives for trade agreements and on the potential clash between preferential trade liberalization (e.g. European Union, NAFTA) and multilateral agreements (WTO). The studies presented in this book not only identify and estimate how different policies interact with each other and across agreements, but also examine how international trading institutions can be used to limit redistribution towards special interest groups and enforce better cooperation across issues, such as labor and the environment, and between developing and developed countries.

The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement

Author : Chad P. Bown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521119979
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement by : Chad P. Bown

Download or read book The Law, Economics and Politics of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement written by Chad P. Bown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical assessment of trade retaliation in the WTO by academics, diplomats and practitioners involved in such actions.

Trade Disputes and the Dispute Settlement Understanding of the WTO

Author : James C. Hartigan
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1848552068
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (485 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade Disputes and the Dispute Settlement Understanding of the WTO by : James C. Hartigan

Download or read book Trade Disputes and the Dispute Settlement Understanding of the WTO written by James C. Hartigan and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02-01 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the process of dispute resolution and appeal under the DSU of the WTO. This book covers politics and disputes between sovereign nations; power inequities in access to the DSU; specific categories of disputes, such as in agriculture and in intellectual property; and issues pertaining to compliance, enforcement and remedies.

International Trade Agreements and Political Economy

Author : Raymond Riezman
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814397407
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade Agreements and Political Economy by : Raymond Riezman

Download or read book International Trade Agreements and Political Economy written by Raymond Riezman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-03-25 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive view of recent developments in the theory of international trade agreements and political economy, by focusing on research by Raymond Riezman. This pioneering work introduced terms of trade effects and strategic behavior to the theory of international trade agreements. This is complemented by a careful analysis of how politics affects international trade agreements. The book brings together work which focuses on the question of why international trade agreements occur and what forms they take. Contents:Tariffs and Trade Agreements:A 3X3 Model of Customs UnionsTariff Retaliation from a Strategic ViewpointCustoms Unions and the CoreDo Big Countries Win Tariff Wars?Optimal Tariff Equilibria with Customs UnionsDynamic Tariffs with Asymmetric InformationUnderstanding the Welfare Implications of Preferential Trade AgreementsA Strategic and Welfare Theoretic Analysis of Free Trade AreasHow Often are Propositions on the Effects of Regional Trade Agreements Theoretical Curiosa?Free Trade: What are the Terms-of-Trade Effects?Political Economy and Voting Models:Voter Preferences for Trade Policy InstrumentsSeniority in LegislaturePolitical Reform and Trade PolicyThe Sources of Protectionist Drift in Representative DemocraciesMinorities and Storable VotesInternational Trade Topics:Uncertainty and the Choice of Trade Policy in Oligopolistic IndustriesAn Experimental Investigation of the Patterns of International TradeThe Principles of Exchange Rate Determination in an International Finance ExperimentTrade Shocks and Macroeconomic Fluctuations in AfricaTrade, and the Distribution of Human Capital Readership: Graduates and researchers in international economics; professionals and policy makers involved in decisions related to international trade; general public interested in political economy. Keywords:International Trade;Political Economy;Theory of International Free Trade Agreements;Customs Unions;Tariff Dynamics;Storable VotesKey Features:Unique treatment of international trade agreements and political influences on themBrings together work which focuses on the question of why international trade agreements occur

Handbook of Commercial Policy

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444639268
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Commercial Policy by :

Download or read book Handbook of Commercial Policy written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Commercial Policy explores three main topics that permeate the study of commercial policy. The first section presents a broad set of basic empirical facts regarding the pattern and evolution of commercial policy, with the second section investigating the crosscutting legal issues relating to the purpose and design of agreements. Final sections cover key issues of commercial policy in the modern global economy. Every chapter in the book provides coverage from the perspectives of multilateral, and where appropriate, preferential trade agreements. While most other volumes are policy-oriented, this comprehensive guide explores the ways that intellectual thinking and rigor organize research, further making frontier-level synthesis and current theoretical, and empirical, research accessible to all. Covers the research areas that are critical for understanding how the world of commercial policy has changed, especially over the last 20 years Presents the way in which research on the topic has evolved Scrutinizes the economic modeling of bargaining and legal issues Useful for examining the theory and empirics of commercial policy

The Oxford Handbook on The World Trade Organization

Author : Amrita Narlikar
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191628441
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook on The World Trade Organization by : Amrita Narlikar

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook on The World Trade Organization written by Amrita Narlikar and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook on the World Trade Organization provides an authoritative and cutting-edge account of the World Trade Organization. Its purpose is to provide a holistic understanding of what the WTO does, how it goes about fulfilling its tasks, its achievements and problems, and how it might contend with some critical challenges. The Handbook benefits from an interdisciplinary approach. The editorial team comprises a transatlantic partnership between a political scientist, a historian, and an economist. The distinguished and international team of contributors to the volume includes leading political scientists, historians, economists, lawyers, and practitioners working in the area of multilateral trade. All the chapters present original and state-of-the-art research material. They critically engage with existing academic and policy debates, and also contribute to the evolution of the field by setting the agenda for current and future WTO studies.The Handbook is aimed at research institutions, university academics, post-graduate students, and final-year undergraduates working in the areas of international organization, trade policy and negotiations, global economic governance, and economic diplomacy. As such, it should find an enthusiastic readership amongst students and scholars in History, Economics, Political Science, International Relations, Public Policy, and Law. Equally important, the book should have direct relevance for diplomats, international bureaucrats, government officials, and other policy-makers and practitioners in the area of trade and economic governance.

Self-Enforcing Trade

Author : Chad P. Bown
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815704186
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Enforcing Trade by : Chad P. Bown

Download or read book Self-Enforcing Trade written by Chad P. Bown and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Trade Organization—backbone of today's international commercial relations—requires member countries to self-enforce exporters' access to foreign markets. Its dispute settlement system is the crown jewel of the international trading system, but its benefits still fall disproportionately to wealthy nations. Could the system be doing more on behalf of developing countries? In Self-Enforcing Trade, Chad P. Bown explains why the answer is an emphatic "yes." Bown argues that as poor countries look to the benefits promised by globalization as part of their overall development strategy, they increasingly require access to the WTO dispute settlement process to protect their trading interests. Unfortunately, the practical realities of WTO dispute settlement as it currently stands create a number of hurdles that prevent developing countries from enjoying the trading system's full benefits. This book confronts these challenges. Self-Enforcing Trade examines the WTO's "extended litigation process," highlighting the tangle of international economics, law, and politics that participants must master. He identifies the costs that prevent developing countries from disentangling the self-enforcement process and fully using the WTO system as part of their growth strategies. Bown assesses recent efforts to help developing countries overcome those costs, including the role of the Advisory Centre on WTO Law and development focused NGOs. Bown's proposed Institute for Assessing WTO Commitments tackles the largest remaining obstacle currently limiting developing country engagement in the WTO's selfenforcement process—a problematic lack of information, monitoring, and surveillance.

Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System

Author : Madeleine Merkx
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041148221
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System by : Madeleine Merkx

Download or read book Retaliation in the WTO Dispute Settlement System written by Madeleine Merkx and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on EU VAT implementing regulations, ECJ case law, and national case law, this ground-breaking book provides the first in-depth, coherent legal analysis of how the massively changed circumstances of the last two decades affect the EU VAT Directive, in particular the interpretation of its four specified types of establishment: place of establishment, fixed establishment, permanent address, and usual residence. Recognising that a consistent interpretation of types of establishment is of the utmost importance in ensuring avoidance of double or non-taxation, the author sheds clear light on such VAT issues as the following: ; the concept of fair distribution of taxing powers in VAT; role of the neutrality principle; legal certainty in VAT; place of business for a legal entity or partnership, for a natural person, for a VAT group; beginning and ending of a fixed establishment; the ‘purchase’ fixed establishment; meaning of ‘permanent address’ and ‘usual residence’; the position of the VAT entrepreneur with more than one fixed establishment across jurisdictions; whether supplies exchanged between establishments are taxable; administrative simplicity and efficiency; VAT audits and the prevention of fraud; the intervention rule and the reverse charge mechanism; right to deduct VAT for businesses with multiple establishments; and cross-border VAT grouping and fixed establishment. Thoroughly explained are exceptions that take precedence over the general rules, such as provisions regarding: immovable property; transport services; services relating to cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, educational, entertainment, or similar activities; restaurant and catering services; electronically supplied services; transfers and assignments of intellectual property rights; advertising services; certain consulting services; banking, financial and insurance transactions; natural gas and electricity distribution; telecommunication services; and broadcasting services. As the first truly authoritative resource on a topic of increasing importance in international tax – a key topic for businesses, tax authorities, tax advisors, and government regulators – this book will be warmly welcomed by all professionals working with taxation in legal practice, business, academe, and government.

The WTO and Economic Development

Author : Ben Zissimos
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262355493
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The WTO and Economic Development by : Ben Zissimos

Download or read book The WTO and Economic Development written by Ben Zissimos and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists offer rigorous quantitative analyses of how the institutional design and purpose of the WTO (and its progenitor, the GATT) affect economic development. The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established partly to support economic development in developing countries through international trade. This goal has been elusive, with some questioning the WTO's ability to achieve such a goal. In this volume, leading scholars in the economics of international trade offer rigorous quantitative analyses of how the institutional design and purpose of the WTO (and its progenitor, the GATT) affect economic development. The volume begins with analyses of market access concessions that have been or could be exchanged between developing and developed countries, from a formal framework for incorporating non-tariff measures into a model for analyzing a multilateral trade agreement to an examination of the MFN (most-favored nation) free rider problem. Contributors then develop new theoretical and econometric approaches for understanding key aspects of trade liberalization under the GATT/WTO that are of particular relevance to economic development, considering such topics as achieving cooperation in eliminating prohibitive trade barriers and the effect of China's export subsidies on its dramatic growth in exports. Finally, the book considers two significant new issues that arose from the Uruguay round, from which the WTO was formed: the TRIPS agreement, regulating intellectual property; and the resolution of trade disputes with and without litigation. Taken together, these analyses shed new light on the relationship between trade liberalization and economic development as well as the WTO's effectiveness.

The Political Economy of the World Trading System

Author : Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191564842
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of the World Trading System by : Bernard M. Hoekman

Download or read book The Political Economy of the World Trading System written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Political Economy of the World Trading System is a comprehensive textbook account of the economics, institutional mechanics and politics of the world trading system. This third edition has been expanded and updated to cover developments in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) since its formation, including the Doha Round, presenting the essentials of trade negotiations and the WTO's rules and disciplines. The authors focus in particular on the WTO's role as the primary organisation through which trading nations manage their commercial interactions and the focal point for cooperation on policy responses to the rapidly changing global trading environment. It is the forum in which many features of the globalisation process are considered, and it currently faces an unprecedented set of challenges. The increasing importance of countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa in international trade relations, the revealed preference towards regionalism, intensification of trade conflicts, the role of business groups and NGOs in trade policy formation and negotiations, and pressures for more leadership in an institution threatened by paralysis are examples of issues that are discussed in some detail; all are critical for the operation of the system and for international business in the coming decade. This edition also includes numerous real-world examples to illustrate how the WTO impinges on business, workers and households, written from the perspective of managers and business associations. An insider's view of the institutional history of the WTO allows the authors to use a variety of conceptual tools to analyse the working of the WTO in a non-technical manner. Suggestions for Further Reading at the end of each chapter and an extensive bibliography make the volume suitable both for introductory and postgraduate courses on international economics and business, international relations, and international economic law.

Trade in Goods

Author : Petros C. Mavroidis
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191636606
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade in Goods by : Petros C. Mavroidis

Download or read book Trade in Goods written by Petros C. Mavroidis and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Trade in Goods is an authoritative work on international trade by one of the most influential scholars in the field. It provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of every WTO agreement dealing with trade in goods. The focus of the book is on the reasoning behind the various WTO agreements and their provisions, and the manner in which they have been understood in practice. It introduces both the historic as well as the economic rationale for the emergence of the multilateral trading system, before dealing with WTO practice in all areas involving trade in goods. It contests the claim that the international trade agreements themselves represent 'incomplete contracts', realized through interpretation by the WTO and other judicial bodies. The book comprehensively analyses the WTO's case law, and it argues that a more rigorous theoretical approach is needed to ensure a greater coherence in the interpretation of the core provisions regulating trade in goods. This second edition readdresses and moves beyond the discussion of the GATT presented in the first edition to assess in significant detail every trade in goods agreement at the WTO, both multilateral as well as plurilateral. The book is written to be accessible to those new to the field, with an authoritative level of detail and analysis that makes it essential reading for lawyers and economists alike.

Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade

Author : International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309587883
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade by : International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee

Download or read book Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade written by International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-03-29 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mandated standards used for vehicle airbags, International Organization for Standards (ISO) standards adopted for photographic film, de facto standards for computer software--however they arise, standards play a fundamental role in the global marketplace. Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the link between standards, product testing and certification, and U.S. economic performance. The book includes recommendations for streamlining standards development, increasing the efficiency of product testing and certification, and promoting the success of U.S. exports in world markets. The volume offers a critical examination of organizations involved in standards and identifies the urgent improvements needed in the U.S. system for conformity assessment, in which adherence to standards is assessed and certified. Among other key issues, the book explores the role of government regulation, laboratory accreditation, and the overlapping of multiple quality standards in product development and manufacturing. In one of the first treatments of this subject, Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade offers a unique and highly valuable analysis of the impact of standards and conformity assessment on global trade.

Trade in Goods

Author : Petros Mavroidis
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199239037
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade in Goods by : Petros Mavroidis

Download or read book Trade in Goods written by Petros Mavroidis and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the economic rationale behind the current framework of international trade, and analyses the role and operation of international law in securing the benefits of a liberal economy."--BOOK JACKET.

Economic Analysis of the Rules and Regulations of the World Trade Organization

Author : Kamal Saggi
Publisher : World Scientific / Zhejiang University Press, China
ISBN 13 : 9789813233041
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Analysis of the Rules and Regulations of the World Trade Organization by : Kamal Saggi

Download or read book Economic Analysis of the Rules and Regulations of the World Trade Organization written by Kamal Saggi and published by World Scientific / Zhejiang University Press, China. This book was released on 2018 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The WTO Dispute Settlement System

Author : Mavroidis, Petros C.
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1803921749
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis The WTO Dispute Settlement System by : Mavroidis, Petros C.

Download or read book The WTO Dispute Settlement System written by Mavroidis, Petros C. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This incisive book provides a comprehensive overview of the WTO dispute settlement practice from 1995 up until the present day, illustrating the need for it to be resurrected from its current state of crisis. The WTO Dispute Settlement System will prove an essential read for students and scholars of WTO law, as well as lawyers, political scientists and policy-oriented economists interested in the WTO dispute settlement system.