Resource Extraction And Protest In Peru

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Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru

Author : Moises Arce
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822980312
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru by : Moises Arce

Download or read book Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru written by Moises Arce and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural resource extraction has fueled protest movements in Latin America and existing research has drawn considerable scholarly attention to the politics of antimarket contention at the national level, particularly in Ecuador, Bolivia, and Argentina. Despite its residents reporting the third-highest level of protest participation in the region, Peru has been largely ignored in these discussions. In this groundbreaking study, Moisés Arce exposes a longstanding climate of popular contention in Peru. Looking beneath the surface to the subnational, regional, and local level as inception points, he rigorously dissects the political conditions that set the stage for protest. Focusing on natural resource extraction and its key role in the political economy of Peru and other developing countries, Arce reveals a wide disparity in the incidence, forms, and consequences of collective action. Through empirical analysis of protest events over thirty-one years, extensive personal interviews with policymakers and societal actors, and individual case studies of major protest episodes, Arce follows the ebb and flow of Peruvian protests over time and space to show the territorial unevenness of democracy, resource extraction, and antimarket contentions. Employing political process theory, Arce builds an interactive framework that views the moderating role of democracy, the quality of institutional representation as embodied in political parties, and most critically, the level of political party competition as determinants in the variation of protest and subsequent government response. Overall, he finds that both the fluidity and fragmentation of political parties at the subnational level impair the mechanisms of accountability and responsiveness often attributed to party competition. Thus, as political fragmentation increases, political opportunities expand, and contention rises. These dynamics in turn shape the long-term development of the state. Resource Extraction and Protest in Peru will inform students and scholars of globalization, market transitions, political science, contentious politics and Latin America generally, as a comparative analysis relating natural resource extraction to democratic processes both regionally and internationally.

Resisting Extractivism

Author : Michael Wilson Becerril
Publisher : Vanderbilt University Press
ISBN 13 : 0826501710
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Resisting Extractivism by : Michael Wilson Becerril

Download or read book Resisting Extractivism written by Michael Wilson Becerril and published by Vanderbilt University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACRL's Choice Outstanding Academic Title of 2021 Peru is classified as one of the deadliest countries in the world for environmental defenders, where activists face many forms of violence. Through an ethnographic and systematic comparison of four gold-mining conflicts in Peru, Resisting Extractivism presents a vivid account of subtle and routine forms of violence, analyzing how meaning-making practices render certain types of damage and suffering noticeable while occluding others. The book thus builds a theory of violence from the ground up—how it is framed, how it impacts people’s lived experiences, and how it can be confronted. By excavating how the everyday interactions that underlie conflicts are discursively concealed and highlighted, this study assists in the prevention and transformation of violence over resource extraction in Latin America. The book draws on a controlled, qualitative comparison of four case studies, extensive ethnographic research conducted over fourteen months of fieldwork, analysis of over nine hundred archives and documents, and unprecedented access to more than 250 semi-structured interviews with key actors across industry, the state, civil society, and the media. Michael Wilson Becerril identifies, traces, and compares these dynamics to explain how similar cases can lead to contrasting outcomes—insights that may be usefully applied in other contexts to save lives and build better futures.

Fighting for Andean Resources

Author : Vladimir R. Gil Ramón
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816530718
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting for Andean Resources by : Vladimir R. Gil Ramón

Download or read book Fighting for Andean Resources written by Vladimir R. Gil Ramón and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mining investment in Peru has been presented as necessary for national progress; however, it also has brought socioenvironmental costs, left unfulfilled hopes for development, and has become a principal source of confrontation and conflict. Fighting for Andean Resources focuses on the competing agendas for mining benefits and the battles over their impact on proximate communities in the recent expansion of the Peruvian mining frontier. The book complements renewed scrutiny of how globalization nurtures not solely antagonism but also negotiation and participation. Having mastered an intimate knowledge of Peru, Vladimir R. Gil Ramón insightfully documents how social technologies of power are applied through social technical protocols of accountability invoked in defense of nature and vulnerable livelihoods. Although analyses point to improvements in human well-being, a political and technical debate has yet to occur in practice that would define what such improvements would be, the best way to achieve and measure them, and how to integrate dimensions such as sustainability and equity. Many confrontations stem from frustrated expectations, environmental impacts, and the virtual absence of state apparatus in the locations where new projects emerged. This book presents a multifaceted perspective on the processes of representation, the strategies in conflicts and negotiations of development and nature management, and the underlying political actions in sites affected by mining.

Unearthing Conflict

Author : Fabiana Li
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822375869
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Unearthing Conflict by : Fabiana Li

Download or read book Unearthing Conflict written by Fabiana Li and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Unearthing Conflict Fabiana Li analyzes the aggressive expansion and modernization of mining in Peru since the 1990s to tease out the dynamics of mining-based protests. Issues of water scarcity and pollution, the loss of farmland, and the degradation of sacred land are especially contentious. She traces the emergence of the conflicts by discussing the smelter-town of La Oroya—where people have lived with toxic emissions for almost a century—before focusing her analysis on the relatively new Yanacocha gold mega-mine. Debates about what kinds of knowledge count as legitimate, Li argues, lie at the core of activist and corporate mining campaigns. Li pushes against the concept of "equivalence"—or methods with which to quantify and compare things such as pollution—to explain how opposing groups interpret environmental regulations, assess a project’s potential impacts, and negotiate monetary compensation for damages. This politics of equivalence is central to these mining controversies, and Li uncovers the mechanisms through which competing parties create knowledge, assign value, arrive at contrasting definitions of pollution, and construct the Peruvian mountains as spaces under constant negotiation.

Resource Booms and Institutional Pathways

Author : Eduardo Dargent
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9783319851761
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource Booms and Institutional Pathways by : Eduardo Dargent

Download or read book Resource Booms and Institutional Pathways written by Eduardo Dargent and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the institutional development that the Peruvian state has undergone in recent years within a context of rapid extractive industry expansion. It addresses the most important institutional state transformations produced directly by natural resources growth. This includes the construction of a redistributive law with the mining canon; the creation of a research canon for public universities; the development of new institutions for environmental regulation; the legitimation of state involvement in the function of prevention and management of conflicts; and the institutionalization and dissemination of practices of participation and local consultation.

Unearthing Conflict

Author : Fabiana Li
Publisher : Duke University Press Books
ISBN 13 : 9780822358190
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (581 download)

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Book Synopsis Unearthing Conflict by : Fabiana Li

Download or read book Unearthing Conflict written by Fabiana Li and published by Duke University Press Books. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Unearthing Conflict Fabiana Li analyzes the aggressive expansion and modernization of mining in Peru since the 1990s to tease out the dynamics of mining-based protests. Issues of water scarcity and pollution, the loss of farmland, and the degradation of sacred land are especially contentious. She traces the emergence of the conflicts by discussing the smelter-town of La Oroya—where people have lived with toxic emissions for almost a century—before focusing her analysis on the relatively new Yanacocha gold mega-mine. Debates about what kinds of knowledge count as legitimate, Li argues, lie at the core of activist and corporate mining campaigns. Li pushes against the concept of "equivalence"—or methods with which to quantify and compare things such as pollution—to explain how opposing groups interpret environmental regulations, assess a project’s potential impacts, and negotiate monetary compensation for damages. This politics of equivalence is central to these mining controversies, and Li uncovers the mechanisms through which competing parties create knowledge, assign value, arrive at contrasting definitions of pollution, and construct the Peruvian mountains as spaces under constant negotiation.

Protest and Democracy

Author : Moises Arce
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781773854366
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (543 download)

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Book Synopsis Protest and Democracy by : Moises Arce

Download or read book Protest and Democracy written by Moises Arce and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2011, political protests sprang up across the world. In the Middle East, Europe, Latin America, the United States unlikely people sparked or led massive protest campaigns from the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street. These protests were made up of educated and precariously employed young people who challenged the legitimacy of their political leaders, exposed a failure of representation, and expressed their dissatisfaction with their place in the aftermath of financial and economic crisis. This book interrogates what impacts--if any--this global protest cycle had on politics and policy and shows the sometimes unintended ways it continues to influence contemporary political dynamics throughout the world. Proposing a new framework of analysis that calls attention to the content and claims of protests, their global connections, and the responsiveness of political institutions to protest demands, this is one of the few books that not only asks how protest movements are formed but also provides an in-depth examination of what protest movements can accomplish. With contributions examining the political consequences of protest, the roles of social media and the internet in protest organization, left- and right-wing movements in the United States, Chile's student movements, the Arab Uprisings, and much more this collection is essential reading for all those interested in the power of protest to shape our world.

Mines, Communities, and States

Author : Jessica Steinberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108476937
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Mines, Communities, and States by : Jessica Steinberg

Download or read book Mines, Communities, and States written by Jessica Steinberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the local politics of mining in Africa, explaining when communities benefit, and when conflict and repression occur.

Iron Will

Author : Markus Kroger
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472902393
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

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Book Synopsis Iron Will by : Markus Kroger

Download or read book Iron Will written by Markus Kroger and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Will lays bare the role of extractivist policies and efforts to resist these policies through a deep ethnographic exploration of globally important iron ore mining in Brazil and India. Markus Kröger addresses resistance strategies to extractivism and tracks their success, or lack thereof, through a comparison of peaceful and armed resource conflicts, explaining how different means of resistance arise. Using the distinctly different contexts and political systems of Brazil and India highlights the importance of local context for resistance. For example, if there is an armed conflict at a planned mining site, how does this influence the possibility to use peaceful resistance strategies? To answer such questions, Kröger assesses the inter-relations of contentious, electoral, institutional, judicial, and private politics that surround conflicts and interactions, offering a new theoretical framework of “investment politics” that can be applied generally by scholars and students of social movements, environmental studies, and political economy, and even more broadly in Social Scientific and Environmental Policy research. By drawing on a detailed field research and other sources, this book explains precisely which resistance strategies are able to influence both political and economic outcomes. Kröger expands the focus of traditionally Latin American extractivism research to other contexts such as India and the growing extractivist movement in the Global North. In addition, as the book is a multi-sited political ethnography, it will appeal to sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, geographers, and others using field research among other methods to understand globalization and global political interactions. It is the most comprehensive book on the political economy and ecology of iron ore and steel. This is astonishing, given the fact that iron ore is the second-most important commodity in the world after oil.

Liberation Through Land Rights in the Peruvian Amazon

Author : Pedro García Hierro
Publisher : IWGIA
ISBN 13 : 9788790730055
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Liberation Through Land Rights in the Peruvian Amazon by : Pedro García Hierro

Download or read book Liberation Through Land Rights in the Peruvian Amazon written by Pedro García Hierro and published by IWGIA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to reflect on the process which made the Ucayali titling project possible. Begun in 1986 and involving the AIDESEP, IWGIA and OIRA, it was an innovative and essential first step in the process towards indigenous self-management.

World Protests

Author : Isabel Ortiz
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030885135
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis World Protests by : Isabel Ortiz

Download or read book World Protests written by Isabel Ortiz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-03 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. The start of the 21st century has seen the world shaken by protests, from the Arab Spring to the Yellow Vests, from the Occupy movement to the social uprisings in Latin America. There are periods in history when large numbers of people have rebelled against the way things are, demanding change, such as in 1848, 1917, and 1968. Today we are living in another time of outrage and discontent, a time that has already produced some of the largest protests in world history. This book analyzes almost three thousand protests that occurred between 2006 and 2020 in 101 countries covering over 93 per cent of the world population. The study focuses on the major demands driving world protests, such as those for real democracy, jobs, public services, social protection, civil rights, global justice, and those against austerity and corruption. It also analyzes who was demonstrating in each protest; what protest methods they used; who the protestors opposed; what was achieved; whether protests were repressed; and trends such as inequality and the rise of women’s and radical right protests. The book concludes that the demands of protestors in most of the protests surveyed are in full accordance with human rights and internationally agreed-upon UN development goals. The book calls for policy-makers to listen and act on these demands.

Indigenous Life Projects and Extractivism

Author : Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331993435X
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Indigenous Life Projects and Extractivism by : Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard

Download or read book Indigenous Life Projects and Extractivism written by Cecilie Vindal Ødegaard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring indigenous life projects in encounters with extractivism, the present open access volume discusses how current turbulences actualise questions of indigeneity, difference and ontological dynamics in the Andes and Amazonia. While studies of extractivism in South America often focus on wider national and international politics, this contribution instead provides ethnographic explorations of indigenous politics, perspectives and worlds, revealing loss and suffering as well as creative strategies to mediate the extralocal. Seeking to avoid conceptual imperialism or the imposition of exogenous categories, the chapters are grounded in the respective authors’ long-standing field research. The authors examine the reactions (from resistance to accommodation), consequences (from anticipation to rubble) and materials (from fossil fuel to water) diversely related to extractivism in rural and urban settings. How can Amerindian strategies to preserve localised communities in extractivist contexts contribute to ways of thinking otherwise?

Market Reform in Society

Author : Moisés Arce
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 9780271046136
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis Market Reform in Society by : Moisés Arce

Download or read book Market Reform in Society written by Moisés Arce and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Going beyond the usual state-centric approach to the study of the politics of neoliberal reform, Mois&és Arce emphasizes the importance of understanding the interaction between state reformers and collective actors in society. In Market Reform in Society he helpfully focuses our attention on how various societal groups are affected by different types of reform and how their responses in turn affect the state&’s subsequent pursuit of reform. As a country characterized by strong state autonomy and widespread disintegration of civil society and representative institutions during the 1990s when Alberto Fujimori was president, Peru serves as an excellent case for examining how collective actors can succeed in influencing the reform process. Arce compares reforms in three areas: taxation, pension privatization, and social-sector programs in poverty alleviation and health decentralization. Differences in the concentration or dispersion of costs and benefits, he shows, affected incentives for groups to form and engage in collective action for supporting, opposing, or modifying the reforms.

Blood of the Earth

Author : Kevin A. Young
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477311653
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis Blood of the Earth by : Kevin A. Young

Download or read book Blood of the Earth written by Kevin A. Young and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflicts over subterranean resources, particularly tin, oil, and natural gas, have driven Bolivian politics for nearly a century. “Resource nationalism”—the conviction that resource wealth should be used for the benefit of the “nation”—has often united otherwise disparate groups, including mineworkers, urban workers, students, war veterans, and middle-class professionals, and propelled an indigenous union leader, Evo Morales, into the presidency in 2006. Blood of the Earth reexamines the Bolivian mobilization around resource nationalism that began in the 1920s, crystallized with the 1952 revolution, and continues into the twenty-first century. Drawing on a wide array of Bolivian and US sources, Kevin A. Young reveals that Bolivia became a key site in a global battle among economic models, with grassroots coalitions demanding nationalist and egalitarian alternatives to market capitalism. While US-supported moderates within the revolutionary regime were able to defeat more radical forces, Young shows how the political culture of resource nationalism, though often comprising contradictory elements, constrained government actions and galvanized mobilizations against neoliberalism in later decades. His transnational and multilevel approach to the 1952 revolution illuminates the struggles among Bolivian popular sectors, government officials, and foreign powers, as well as the competing currents and visions within Bolivia’s popular political cultures. Offering a fresh appraisal of the Bolivian Revolution, resource nationalism, and the Cold War in Latin America, Blood of the Earth is an ideal case study for understanding the challenges shared by countries across the Global South.

Natural Resources, Extraction and Indigenous Rights in Latin America

Author : Marcela Torres Wong
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135121022X
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Resources, Extraction and Indigenous Rights in Latin America by : Marcela Torres Wong

Download or read book Natural Resources, Extraction and Indigenous Rights in Latin America written by Marcela Torres Wong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1989, the International Labor Organization stated that all indigenous peoples living in the postcolonial world were entitled to the right to prior consultation, over activities that could potentially impact their territories and traditional livelihoods. However, in many cases the economic importance of industries such as mining and oil condition the way that governments implement the right to prior consultation. This book explores extractive conflicts between indigenous populations, the government and oil and mining companies in Latin America, namely Mexico, Peru and Bolivia. Building on two years of research and drawing on the state-corporate and environmental crime literatures, this book examines the legal, extralegal, illegal as well as political strategies used by the state and extractive companies to avoid undesired results produced by the legalization of the right to prior consultation. It examines the ways in which prior consultation is utilized by powerful indigenous actors to negotiate economic resources with the state and extractive companies, while also showing the ways in which weaker indigenous groups are incapable of engaging in prior consultations in a meaningful way and are therefore left at the mercy of negative ecological impacts. It demonstrates how social mobilization—not prior consultation—is the most effective strategy in preventing extraction from moving forward within ecologically fragile indigenous territories.

Subterranean Struggles

Author : Anthony Bebbington
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292748647
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Subterranean Struggles by : Anthony Bebbington

Download or read book Subterranean Struggles written by Anthony Bebbington and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the extraction of nonrenewable resources in Latin America has given rise to many forms of struggle, particularly among disadvantaged populations. The first analytical collection to combine geographical and political ecological approaches to the post-1990s changes in Latin America’s extractive economy, Subterranean Struggles closely examines the factors driving this expansion and the sociopolitical, environmental, and political economic consequences it has wrought. In this analysis, more than a dozen experts explore the many facets of struggles surrounding extraction, from protests in the vicinity of extractive operations to the everyday efforts of excluded residents who try to adapt their livelihoods while industries profoundly impact their lived spaces. The book explores the implications of extractive industry for ideas of nature, region, and nation; “resource nationalism” and environmental governance; conservation, territory, and indigenous livelihoods in the Amazon and Andes; everyday life and livelihood in areas affected by small- and large-scale mining alike; and overall patterns of social mobilization across the region. Arguing that such struggles are an integral part of the new extractive economy in Latin America, the authors document the increasingly conflictive character of these interactions, raising important challenges for theory, for policy, and for social research methodologies. Featuring works by social and natural science authors, this collection offers a broad synthesis of the dynamics of extractive industry whose relevance stretches to regions beyond Latin America.

Resource Radicals

Author : Thea Riofrancos
Publisher : Duke University Press Books
ISBN 13 : 9781478007968
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource Radicals by : Thea Riofrancos

Download or read book Resource Radicals written by Thea Riofrancos and published by Duke University Press Books. This book was released on 2020-08-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2007, the left came to power in Ecuador. In the years that followed, the “twenty-first-century socialist” government and a coalition of grassroots activists came to blows over the extraction of natural resources. Each side declared the other a perversion of leftism and the principles of socioeconomic equality, popular empowerment, and anti-imperialism. In Resource Radicals, Thea Riofrancos unpacks the conflict between these two leftisms: on the one hand, the administration's resource nationalism and focus on economic development; and on the other, the anti-extractivism of grassroots activists who condemned the government's disregard for nature and indigenous communities. In this archival and ethnographic study, Riofrancos expands the study of resource politics by decentering state resource policy and locating it in a field of political struggle populated by actors with conflicting visions of resource extraction. She demonstrates how Ecuador's commodity-dependent economy and history of indigenous uprisings offer a unique opportunity to understand development, democracy, and the ecological foundations of global capitalism.