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Author : Taylor & Francis Group
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9786078066438
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (664 download)
Download or read book The Renegotiation of Nafta. written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : C. Fred Bergsten
Publisher : Peterson Institute for International Economics
ISBN 13 : 0881327301
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (813 download)
Download or read book A Path Forward for NAFTA written by C. Fred Bergsten and published by Peterson Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) ranks at the top of anyone’s list of the most controversial trade deals of all time. Reviled by critics as unfair and as a job destroyer, praised by its defenders as having a documented record of success in spurring economic growth, NAFTA reduced tariff barriers to zero for the United States, Mexico, and Canada and led to a tripling of trade among these three countries over the last 23 years. The Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE) has abundantly detailed the many gains and acknowledged costs of NAFTA in numerous publications. Now that President Donald Trump has launched a renegotiation of NAFTA—having at least for the moment abandoned his 2016 campaign pledge to cancel the pact outright—the fundamental question is: Can such a renegotiation produce a positive result? A broad range of experts who have contributed to this PIIE Briefing say “yes.” The new negotiations can succeed only if they focus on how the agreement can be updated and upgraded, however. NAFTA can be modernized only if President Trump’s zero-sum “America First” agenda is replaced by one that seeks to benefit all three countries and improve their competitiveness in an increasingly competitive global economy. Prioritizing American interests is of course essential in any US trade negotiation. But an obsessive concern about bilateral trade balances and narrow special interests in the United States, as opposed to broader national and regional interests, would not only deadlock the negotiations but also likely lead to inferior outcomes for all three countries, or even a breakdown in the talks and an abrogation of the agreement. And walking away from NAFTA altogether would be disastrous for consumers, producers, and retailers in the United States. As argued in several chapters of this Briefing, abandoning NAFTA would degrade regional competitiveness and terminate jobs across North America, undoing the integration achieved since the agreement’s inception.
Author : M. Villarreal
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781544194172
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (941 download)
Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) written by M. Villarreal and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) entered into force on January 1, 1994. The agreement was signed by President George H. W. Bush on December 17, 1992, and approved by Congress on November 20, 1993. The NAFTA Implementation Act was signed into law by President William J. Clinton on December 8, 1993 (P.L. 103-182). The overall economic impact of NAFTA is difficult to measure since trade and investment trends are influenced by numerous other economic variables, such as economic growth, inflation, and currency fluctuations. The agreement likely accelerated and also locked in trade liberalization that was already taking place in Mexico, but many of these changes may have taken place without an agreement. Nevertheless, NAFTA is significant, because it was the most comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) negotiated at the time and contained several groundbreaking provisions. A legacy of the agreement is that it has served as a template or model for the new generation of FTAs that the United States later negotiated, and it also served as a template for certain provisions in multilateral trade negotiations as part of the Uruguay Round. The 115th Congress faces numerous issues related to NAFTA and international trade. President Donald J. Trump has proposed renegotiating NAFTA, or possibly withdrawing from it. Congress may wish to consider the ramifications of renegotiating or withdrawing from NAFTA and how it may affect the U.S. economy and foreign relations with Mexico and Canada. It may also wish to examine the congressional role in a possible renegotiation, as well as the negotiating positions of Canada and Mexico. Mexico has stated that, if NAFTA is reopened, it may seek to broaden negotiations to include security, counter-narcotics, and transmigration issues. Mexico has also indicated that it may choose to withdraw from the agreement if the negotiations are not favorable to the country. Congress may also wish to address issues related to the U.S. withdrawal from the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) free trade agreement among the United States, Canada, Mexico, and 9 other countries. Some observers contend that the withdrawal from TPP could damage U.S. competitiveness and economic leadership in the region, while others see the withdrawal as a way to prevent lower cost imports and potential job losses. Key provisions in TPP may also be addressed in 'modernizing' or renegotiating NAFTA, a more than two decade-old FTA. NAFTA was controversial when first proposed, mostly because it was the first FTA involving two wealthy, developed countries and a developing country. The political debate surrounding the agreement was divisive with proponents arguing that the agreement would help generate thousands of jobs and reduce income disparity in the region, while opponents warned that the agreement would cause huge job losses in the United States as companies moved production to Mexico to lower costs. In reality, NAFTA did not cause the huge job losses feared by the critics or the large economic gains predicted by supporters. The net overall effect of NAFTA on the U.S. economy appears to have been relatively modest, primarily because trade with Canada and Mexico accounts for a small percentage of U.S. GDP. However, there were worker and firm adjustment costs as the three countries adjusted to more open trade and investment. The rising number of bilateral and regional trade agreements throughout the world and the rising presence of China in Latin America could have implications for U.S. trade policy with its NAFTA partners. Some proponents of open and rules-based trade contend that maintaining NAFTA or deepening economic relations with Canada and Mexico will help promote a common trade agenda with shared values and generate economic growth. Some opponents argue that the agreement has caused worker displacement.
Author : Hermann von Bertrab
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Negotiating NAFTA written by Hermann von Bertrab and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1997-11-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the negotiations which led to the creation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), one of the most important between the United States and Mexico, from the vantage point of one of the key Mexican officials, Hermann von Bertrab.
Download or read book RENEGOTIATING NAFTA: OPPORTUNITIES,... HRG... SERIAL NO. 115-11... COM. ON AGRICULTURE, U.S. HOUSE OF REPS... 115TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION. written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gilbert Gagné
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303081694X
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)
Download or read book NAFTA 2.0 written by Gilbert Gagné and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The renegotiation and possible termination of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) sparked a lot of interest and concern in light of the United States’ declared objective to “rebalance the benefits” of the agreement. This edited book provides an overview of the changes brought to the NAFTA by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) or NAFTA 2.0. Grouping leading academics and experts from the three countries, the book covers the major topics in the transition from the NAFTA to the USMCA. The book also sheds light on the evolution of North American economic integration within the past three decades and reflects on the significance of the regional integration model represented by the NAFTA and now the USMCA. The book is aimed at scholars, students, officials, professionals and interested citizens concerned by the big issues surrounding North American integration and economic globalization.
Author : Committee on Agriculture House of Representatives
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781978274037
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Renegotiating Nafta written by Committee on Agriculture House of Representatives and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American farmers and ranchers are the most efficient, productive and competitive producers in the world. Their ability to meet the rapidly-growing and ever-changing demands both at home and abroad has allowed our country to become one of the world's most open agricultural economies, supplying our trading partners with a safe and affordable food and fiber supply. These trade relationships have become an essential part of the U.S. agricultural industry, and nowhere is trade more important than in our relationships with our neighbors to the north and south. For more than 20 years, NAFTA has governed trade among our three countries, and in that time U.S. agricultural exports to Canada and Mexico have nearly quadrupled. Both countries have remained essential trading partners for the U.S., accounting for roughly 28 percent of total U.S. agricultural trade. While Canada and Mexico regularly are two of our top three export destinations for agricultural products, they also remain the United States' largest suppliers of agricultural inputs. In 2016, while the U.S. continued to run an overall trade surplus in agriculture, we managed to run a trade imbalance with both Canada and Mexico, totaling over $6 billion. A lot has changed since the 1994 agreement was signed. All three economies are much larger and production agriculture has evolved and improved, growing to meet ever-changing consumer demands and technological advances.
Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781979689434
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Renegotiating Nafta and U.s. Textile Manufacturing written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was negotiated more than two decades ago, textiles and apparel were among the industrial sectors most sensitive to the agreement's terms. NAFTA, which was implemented on January 1, 1994, has encouraged the integration of textile and apparel production in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. For example, under NAFTA's "yarn-forward" rule of origin, textiles and apparel benefit from tariff-free treatment in all three countries if the production of yarn, fabric, and apparel, with some exceptions, is done within North America. The United States maintains a bilateral trade surplus in yarns and fabrics with its NAFTA partners. In 2016, the United States had a $4.1 billion surplus in yarns and fabrics and a positive balance of around $720 million in made-up textile products (such as home textiles and furnishings) with Canada and Mexico. U.S. exports of yarns and fabrics shipped to Mexico and Canada were valued at close to $6 billion last year. In apparel, the United States had a trade surplus with Canada of $1.4 billion and a trade deficit with Mexico of $2.7 billion in 2016. On May 18, 2017, the Trump Administration notified Congress of its intent to renegotiate the agreement. In July 2017, the Administration announced specific goals for textiles and apparel among its renegotiating objectives, which include improving competitive opportunities for U.S. textile and apparel products, but also taking into account U.S. import sensitivities. Also germane to textiles and apparel are several other renegotiating objectives, such as enhancing customs enforcement to prevent unlawful transshipment of these goods from outside the region and ensuring that requirements for use of domestic textiles and apparel in U.S. government purchases primarily benefit producers located in the United States. NAFTA renegotiation started in August 2017. There is widespread support for continuation of the agreement among U.S. textile and apparel producers, although there are significant differences of opinion with respect to certain provisions. In particular, U.S. textile manufacturers generally favor eliminating all exceptions to NAFTA's yarn-forward rule, whereas U.S. retailers and apparel groups oppose tightening the rule. If the United States were to exit NAFTA, imports of textiles from Mexico and Canada would face U.S. tariffs as high as 20%, and imports of apparel would have tariff rates of up to 32%. U.S. exports of textiles and apparel could face higher tariff rates entering Canada and Mexico. One possibility is that U.S. withdrawal from NAFTA could lead U.S. retailers and apparel brands to source more of their goods from Asia, which could reduce demand for U.S.-made yarns and fabrics within the NAFTA region.
Author : Maxwell A. Cameron
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801487811
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (878 download)
Download or read book The Making of NAFTA written by Maxwell A. Cameron and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How exactly do countries negotiate major international agreements? Until now, reliably impartial accounts of how deals are made have been rare and usually describe only one side of a multiparty process. Here, Maxwell Cameron and Brian Tomlin provide the first full, three-country account of the negotiations surrounding the controversial North American Free Trade Agreement, which went into effect on January 1, 1994. Through extensive interviews with participants from all sides, Cameron and Tomlin develop a detailed picture of the process by which the United States, Mexico, and Canada pursued closer economic relations and of the political realities that influenced the politicians and policymakers in each country. Written in an engaging and accessible style, The Making of NAFTA is a faithful account, built on insider views, of how the representatives of the three countries prepared for, negotiated, and implemented the agreement. Cameron and Tomlin show how NAFTA was influenced by the personalities and the multiple, sometimes conflicting objectives of the individuals involved. They also explore what the negotiations can reveal more generally about the making of public policy and the importance of international negotiations.
Author : M. Angeles Villarreal
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781979077781
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (777 download)
Download or read book NAFTA Renegotiation an Modernization written by M. Angeles Villarreal and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Trump Administration has made NAFTA renegotiation and modernization a prominent initial priority of its trade policy. The fourth of a series of seven meetings between the trade partners took place as this report was finalized, with no result in sight. The final three rounds of negotiation, intended to salvage the free trade accord by satisfying the new US administration's concerns, are due to take place through early 2018. Either "success" or "failure" of the talks will greatly reshape the accord, with significant economic impact in all three nations and beyond.
Author : Maryse Robert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Negotiating NAFTA written by Maryse Robert and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using case studies in four areas negotiated in the North American Free Trade Agreement, Robert uses a theoretical framework to help explain the outcome of such negotiations in terms of structure and process.
Author : United States. Congress
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781979760126
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Renegotiating Nafta written by United States. Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renegotiating NAFTA : opportunities for agriculture : hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifteenth Congress, first session, July 26, 2017.
Author : Dan Ciuriak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Renegotiating NAFTA written by Dan Ciuriak and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on, and indeed ratcheting up, the rhetoric of the US election campaign, the new Trump Administration has signalled disruptive change to US trade relations. The not-yet-in-force Trans-Pacific Partnership was torn up on day one of the new presidential term, the future of NAFTA was thrown into great uncertainty following the breakdown of a NAFTA leaders meeting, and punitive tariff rhetoric could impact significantly on corporate import-sourcing decisions, disturbing established supply chains. Canada is not the principal target in the cross-hairs of the Trump Administration - this bilateral relationship only needs “tweaking” from the Trump Administration perspective, based on the first leader's meeting - but Canada has never gotten a bye when the United States has moved on its perceived commercial interests. This note sketches out the likely contours of a NAFTA renegotiation, focussing on Canada's interests, on the premise that NAFTA will survive the political challenges that have emerged.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Getting it Right written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ian F Fergusson
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781092782609
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)
Download or read book NAFTA Renegotiation and the Proposed United States-Meico-Canada Agreement (Usmca) written by Ian F Fergusson and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 116th Congress faces policy issues related to the Trump Administration's renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the proposed United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). On May 18, 2017, the Trump Administration sent a 90-day notification to Congress of its intent to begin talks with Canada and Mexico to renegotiate and modernize NAFTA, as required by the 2015 Trade Promotion Authority (TPA). Talks officially began on August 16, 2017. Negotiations were concluded on September 30, 2018. The proposed USMCA was signed on November 30, 2018. The agreement must be approved by Congress and ratified by the governments of Mexico and Canada before it can enter into force. The first NAFTA negotiations were launched in 1992 under President George H.W. Bush and continued under President William J. Clinton, who signed the implementing legislation on December 8, 1991 (P.L. 103-182). NAFTA entered into force on January 1, 1994. It is particularly significant because it was the most comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) negotiated at the time, contained several groundbreaking provisions, and was the first of a new generation of U.S. FTAs later negotiated. Congress played a major role during its consideration and, after contentious and comprehensive debate, ultimately approved legislation to implement the agreement. NAFTA established trade liberalization commitments and set new rules and disciplines for future FTAs on issues important to the United States, including intellectual property rights protection, services trade, dispute settlement procedures, investment, labor, and environment. NAFTA's market-opening provisions gradually eliminated nearly all tariff and most nontariff barriers on merchandise trade. The proposed USMCA, comprising 34 chapters and 12 side letters, retains most of NAFTA's market opening measures and most of its chapters, while making notable changes to auto rules of origin, dispute settlement provisions, government procurement, investment, and intellectual property rights (IPR) protection. It also modernizes provisions in services, labor, and the environment. New trade issues, such as digital trade, state-owned enterprises, anticorruption, and currency misalignment, are also addressed. Key issues for Congress in regard to the proposed USMCA include the constitutional authority of Congress over international trade, its role in revising, approving, or withdrawing from the agreement, U.S. negotiating objectives and the extent to which the proposed agreement makes progress in meeting them as required under TPA. Congress may also consider the agreement's impact on U.S. industries, the U.S. economy, and broader U.S. trade relations with Canada and Mexico. The timing for congressional consideration of the proposed USMCA is unclear in part because of the TPA timeline and also because of issues of interest and concern voiced by Congress, including the level of enforceable labor provisions, auto rules of origin, and investor-state dispute settlement. Some policymakers have stated that the path forward to passage of the USMCA by Congress is uncertain partially because the three countries have yet to resolve disputes over U.S. steel and aluminum tariffs imposed by the Trump Administration. The United States, Canada, and Mexico are currently in a trade dispute over U.S. actions under Section 232 of the Trade Act of 1962 to impose tariffs on such imports due to national security concerns. In response to the U.S. action, Mexico and Canada initiated World Trade Organization dispute settlement proceedings and retaliated against certain U.S. exports. The conclusion of the proposed USMCA did not resolve the Section 232 tariff dispute. The United States, Canada and Mexico are currently in a trade dispute over U.S. actions under Section 232 of the Trade Act of 1962 to impose tariffs on such imports due to national security concerns.
Author : Murray Gordon Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Strategic Links written by Murray Gordon Smith and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several specific issues are addressed about the NAFTA in the context of the GATT-based multilateral trading system. How does the NAFTA fit within existing GATT rules and dispute settlement procedures? What are the broader consequences of the NAFTA, and of the potential accession of other countries to the NAFTA, for the multilateral system? What are the linkages between the NAFTA and the Uruguay Round? What happens if the Uruguay Round fails? What are the implications of success or failure in the Uruguay Round for the new government's identified priorities for the renegociation of the NAFTA? Each of theses questions is considered briefly in this commentary.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Summary of Objectives for the NAFTA Renegotiation written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A successful renegotiation of NAFTA will further the negotiating objectives of the United States, as described in this document, and will benefit the economies and populations of the United States and of our trading partners. [...] Rules of Origin: - Update and strengthen the rules of origin, as necessary, to ensure that the benefits of NAFTA go to products genuinely made in the United States and North America. [...] Ensure standards of protection and enforcement that keep pace with technological developments, and in particular ensure that rightholders have the legal and technological means to control the use of their works through the Internet and other global communication media, and to prevent the unauthorized use of their works. [...] In particular, seek commitments: To promptly publish laws, regulations, administrative rulings of general application, and other procedures that affect trade and investment; To provide adequate opportunities for stakeholder comment on measures before they are adopted and finalized; and To provide a sufficient period of time between final publication of measures and their entry into force. [...] In particular by: Requiring the adoption or maintenance of requirements for companies to maintain accurate books and records, which facilitate the detection and tracing of corrupt payments; Encouraging the establishment codes of conduct to encourage high ethical standards among public officials; and Requiring parties to disallow the deduction of corrupt payments for income tax purposes.
