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Reduction In Language
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Book Synopsis Rethinking Reduction by : Francesco Cangemi
Download or read book Rethinking Reduction written by Francesco Cangemi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonetically reduced forms are plentiful, theoretically interesting, and a key challenge for automatic speech recognition systems. Yet canonical forms are still central to models of production and perception. Drawing from different fields and diverse languages, this volume brings new insights to the debate on abstractions and canonical forms in linguistics: their psychological reality, descriptive adequacy, and technical implementability.
Book Synopsis Reduction in Language by : Rud S. Meyerstein
Download or read book Reduction in Language written by Rud S. Meyerstein and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language and the Phenomenological Reductions of Edmund Husserl by : S. Cunningham
Download or read book Language and the Phenomenological Reductions of Edmund Husserl written by S. Cunningham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was while reading HusserI's Cartesian Meditations that the subject of the present volume first occurred to me. And in a way I am offering a somewhat oblique commentary on HusserI's Meditations - "oblique" because it is not a systematic elucidation of the entire text. Nonetheless, it is primarily with the task of the Meditations that I am concerned. It is there that the antipathy between natural ~anguage and HusserI's quest for certainty come clearIy into focus. (Other texts are cited insofar as they shed light on this central work or illustrate the fact that HusserI did not significantly alter his position on the problem. ) My purpose here is to further sharpen that focus, showing that the consciousness within the phenomenological reductions is essentially language using. Working with the Wittgensteinian insight regarding "pri vate languages," I attempt to show that a language-using con sciousness cannot effectively divorce itself from its social context and is unable, therefore, to perform the radical phenomenological reductions. Solipsism, then, is never a genuine problem, but nei ther is the elimination of all existential commitments a genuine possibility. Finally, I conclude that language-use bridges the distinction between essence and existence, the transcendental and the transcendent, the ideal and the real-making the phenomeno logical method incapable of providing the apodictic foundations on which all metaphysics and science will be rebuilt.
Book Synopsis A Dictionary of the English Language by : Noah Webster
Download or read book A Dictionary of the English Language written by Noah Webster and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An American Dictionary of the English Language by : Noah Webster
Download or read book An American Dictionary of the English Language written by Noah Webster and published by . This book was released on 1849 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language Decline and Death in Africa by : Herman Batibo
Download or read book Language Decline and Death in Africa written by Herman Batibo and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to inform both scholars and the public about the nature and extent of the problem of language decline and death in Africa. It resourcefully traces the main causes and circumstances of language endangerment, the processes and extent of language shift and death, and the consequences of language loss to the continent's rich linguistic and cultural heritage. The book outlines some of the challenges that have emerged out of the situation.
Book Synopsis A Manual of English Phonetics and Phonology by : Paul Skandera
Download or read book A Manual of English Phonetics and Phonology written by Paul Skandera and published by Gunter Narr Verlag. This book was released on 2011 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Markedness written by Paul de Lacy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Markedness' refers to the tendency of languages to show a preference for particular structures or sounds. This bias towards 'marked' elements is consistent within and across languages, and tells us a great deal about what languages can and cannot do. This pioneering study presents a groundbreaking theory of markedness in phonology. De Lacy argues that markedness is part of our linguistic competence, and is determined by three conflicting mechanisms in the brain: (a) pressure to preserve marked sounds ('preservation'), (b) pressure to turn marked sounds into unmarked sounds ('reduction'), and (c) a mechanism allowing the distinction between marked and unmarked sounds to be collapsed ('conflation'). He shows that due to these mechanisms, markedness occurs only when preservation is irrelevant. Drawing on examples of phenomena such as epenthesis, neutralisation, assimilation, vowel reduction and sonority-driven stress, Markedness offers an important insight into this essential concept in the understanding of human language.
Book Synopsis Developments in Language Theory by : Tero Harju
Download or read book Developments in Language Theory written by Tero Harju and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-09-13 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2007, held in Turku, Finland in July 2007. It addresses all important issues in language theory including grammars, acceptors and transducers for words, trees and graphs; algebraic theories of automata; relationships to cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory and logic; bioinspired computing, and quantum computing.
Book Synopsis Linguistic Change Under Contact Conditions by : Jacek Fisiak
Download or read book Linguistic Change Under Contact Conditions written by Jacek Fisiak and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1995 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks, as well as studies that provide new insights by approaching language from an interdisciplinary perspective. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.
Book Synopsis Language Contacts at the Crossroads of Disciplines by : Lea Meriläinen
Download or read book Language Contacts at the Crossroads of Disciplines written by Lea Meriläinen and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a cross-disciplinary insight into language contact research, bringing together fresh empirical and theoretical studies from various fields concerning different dimensions of language contact and variation, second language acquisition and translation. In the present-day world of globalization, population mobility and information technology, the themes of multilingualism and contact-induced language change are as topical as ever, and research on language contacts and cross-linguistic influence has expanded rapidly during the last few decades. Along with the increasing specialization of related disciplines, their research perspectives, methods and terminology have become dispersed, although language contact phenomena themselves can rarely be confined within the scope of a single discipline. This collection of articles creates dialogue between researchers from different scientific backgrounds, thus viewing language contact phenomena from a broader perspective. When language contact is re-defined to include the mental or cognitive level of contact between different languages and varieties in the minds of language learners or translators, salient links are created between the different disciplines dealing with this subject matter.
Book Synopsis Phonetically Based Phonology by : Bruce Hayes
Download or read book Phonetically Based Phonology written by Bruce Hayes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-12 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonetically Based Phonology is centred around the hypothesis that phonologies of languages are determined by phonetic principles; that is, phonetic patterns involving ease of articulation and perception are expressed linguistically as grammatical constraints. This book brings together a team of scholars to provide a wide-ranging study of phonetically based phonology. It investigates the role of phonetics in many phonological phenomena - such as assimilation, vowel reduction, vowel harmony, syllable weight, contour line distribution, metathesis, lenition, sonority sequencing, and the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP) - exploring in particular the phonetic bases of phonological markedness in these key areas. The analyses also illustrate several analytical strategies whereby phonological sound patterns can be related to their phonological underpinnings. Each chapter includes a tutorial discussion of the phonetics on which the phonological discussion is based. Diverse and comprehensive in its coverage, Phonetically Based Phonology will be welcomed by all linguists interested in the relationship between phonetics and phonological theory.
Book Synopsis The Organization of Reduction, Data Flow, and Control Flow Systems by : Werner Kluge
Download or read book The Organization of Reduction, Data Flow, and Control Flow Systems written by Werner Kluge and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In light of research over the last decade on new ways of representing and performing computations, this book provides a timely reexamination of computer organization and computer architecture. It systematically investigates the basic organizational concepts of reduction, data flow, and control flow (or state transition) and their relationship to the underlying programming paradigms. For each of these concepts, Kluge looks at how princip1es of language organization translate into architectures and how architectural features translate into concrete system implementations, comparing them in order to identify their similarities and differences. The focus is primarily on a functional programming paradigm based on a full-fledged operational &-calculus and on its realization by various reduction systems. Kluge first presents a brief outline of the overall configuration of a computing system and of an operating system kernel, introduce elements of the theory of Petrinets as modeling tools for nonsequential systems and processes, and use a simple form of higher-order Petri nets to identify by means of examples the operational and control disciplines that govern the organization of reduction, data flow, and control flow computations. He then introduces the notions of abstract algorithms and of reductions and includes an overview of the theory of the &-calculus. The next five chapters describe the various computing engines that realize the reduction semantics of a full-fledged &-calculus. The remaining chapters provide self-contained investigations of the G-machine, SKI combinator reduction, and the data flow approach for implementing the functional programming paradigm. This is followed by a detailed description of a typical control flow (or von Neumann) machine architecture (a VAX11 system). Properties of these machines are summarized in the concluding chapter, which classifies them according to the semantic models they support.
Book Synopsis An American Dictionary of the English Language by : Webster
Download or read book An American Dictionary of the English Language written by Webster and published by . This book was released on 1845 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Whaddaya Say Book Cassette Package by : Weinstein
Download or read book Whaddaya Say Book Cassette Package written by Weinstein and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-use listening book introduces students to the most common reduced forms of spoken English -- fully contextualized in conversations both practical and entertaining.
Book Synopsis Universalism versus Relativism in Language and Thought by : Rik Pinxten
Download or read book Universalism versus Relativism in Language and Thought written by Rik Pinxten and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE brings to students, researchers and practitioners in all of the social and language-related sciences carefully selected book-length publications dealing with sociolinguistic theory, methods, findings and applications. It approaches the study of language in society in its broadest sense, as a truly international and interdisciplinary field in which various approaches, theoretical and empirical, supplement and complement each other. The series invites the attention of linguists, language teachers of all interests, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, historians etc. to the development of the sociology of language.
Book Synopsis Speech Production and Speech Modelling by : W.J. Hardcastle
Download or read book Speech Production and Speech Modelling written by W.J. Hardcastle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-06-30 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech sound production is one of the most complex human activities: it is also one of the least well understood. This is perhaps not altogether surprising as many of the complex neurological and physiological processes involved in the generation and execution of a speech utterance remain relatively inaccessible to direct investigation, and must be inferred from careful scrutiny of the output of the system -from details of the movements of the speech organs themselves and the acoustic consequences of such movements. Such investigation of the speech output have received considerable impetus during the last decade from major technological advancements in computer science and biological transducing, making it possible now to obtain large quantities of quantative data on many aspects of speech articulation and acoustics relatively easily. Keeping pace with these advancements in laboratory techniques have been developments in theoretical modelling of the speech production process. There are now a wide variety of different models available, reflecting the different disciplines involved -linguistics, speech science and technology, engineering and acoustics. The time seems ripe to attempt a synthesis of these different models and theories and thus provide a common forum for discussion of the complex problem of speech production. Such an activity would seem particularly timely also for those colleagues in speech technology seeking better, more accurate phonetic models as components in their speech synthesis and automatic speech recognition systems.
