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Author : Mark W. Claire
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (299 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Modeling of the Rise in Atmospheric Oxygen written by Mark W. Claire and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080983006
Total Pages : 14787 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
Author : Stefan Panzilius
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (568 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Atmospheric Oxygen Content, Metabolism, and Combustion in a Current Introductory Chemistry Curriculum written by Stefan Panzilius and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David C. Catling
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521844126
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)
Download or read book Atmospheric Evolution on Inhabited and Lifeless Worlds written by David C. Catling and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-13 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and authoritative text on the formation and evolution of planetary atmospheres, for graduate-level students and researchers.
Author : V. N. Livina
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030436667
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (366 download)
Download or read book The Future of Atmospheric Oxygen written by V. N. Livina and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates various aspects of the phenomenon of atmospheric oxygen depletion, and summarizes our current knowledge of atmospheric oxygen. The authors address the currently available records indicating that atmospheric oxygen is undergoing nonlinear decline. The consensus in the research community is that the main reason for this decline is the combustion of fossil fuels (which is growing nonlinearly). However, the short length of the currently available records, alongside the technological and social uncertainties that may risk speed up oxygen depletion, raise questions about the time scale of the decline, in particular, when oxygen depletion may cause physiological impact on humans and animals. The authors analyze this uncertainty to postulate the near term impact of depleted atmospheric oxygen, and perform multidisciplinary complex modelling of oxygen with long-term horizon estimations.
Author : Robert P. Lowell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118671899
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Magma to Microbe written by Robert P. Lowell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magma to Microbe Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 178. Hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers reflect the complex interactions among transport, cooling and crystallization of magma, fluid circulation in the crust, tectonic processes, water-rock interaction, and the utilization of hydrothermal fluids as a metabolic energy source by microbial and macro-biological ecosystems. The development of mathematical and numerical models that address these complex linkages is a fundamental part the RIDGE 2000 program that attempts to quantify and model the transfer of heat and chemicals from “mantle to microbes” at oceanic ridges. This volume presents the first “state of the art” picture of model development in this context. The most outstanding feature of this volume is its emphasis on mathematical and numerical modeling of a broad array of hydrothermal processes associated with oceanic spreading centers. By examining the state of model development in one volume, both cross-fertilization of ideas and integration across the disparate disciplines that study seafloor hydrothermal systems is facilitated. Students and scientists with an interest in oceanic spreading centers in general and more specifically in ridge hydrothermal processes will find this volume to be an up-to-date and indispensable resource.
Author : Rishi K. Sugla
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)
Download or read book Rising Oxygen Concentrations as a Driver of Macroevolutionary Trends in Marine Communities written by Rishi K. Sugla and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The onset of the Phanerozoic (541 Ma to present) marks a transition point in the evolution of life on Earth. The evolutionary dynamics of this period and its linkages to the physical environment have long been the focus of paleontologists. In this dissertation, I investigate the role of changing oxygen concentrations on the long-term evolutionary trends in Phanerozoic oceans. In particular, I focus on the Mesozoic Marine Revolution, a period of rapid evolutionary transition towards increasingly active communities. In contrast to canonical model reconstructions of atmospheric oxygen during Phanerozoic which show little correlation to evolutionary trends in the marine fossil record, the data presented here suggest an important role for oxygen. I first construct a record of carbonate sediment color to track redox state at the sediment-water interface through time and demonstrate that, despite persistently high levels of atmospheric oxygen, benthic environments may have been poorly oxygenated until 200 million years ago. This record opens up the possibility that shallow marine communities faced selective pressures from oxygen-limited environments until about the time of the Mesozoic Marine Revolution. Building on the sedimentary evidence for a Mesozoic rise in ocean oxygenation, my second chapter builds a quantitative record of metabolic rates in marine communities using modern metabolic rates combined with molecular clock and fossil record ages. This record illustrates that pronounced shifts in metabolic demand occurred during the Mesozoic Marine Revolution from increasing body size and oxygen availability in shallow marine environments. I expand upon this finding by quantifying temperature and oxygen state spaces of living organisms to show that taxa from clades with Paleozoic origins occupy a lower temperature and dissolved oxygen space than clades evolved in the Mesozoic or later. This suggests temperature and oxygen conditions of the deep-sea may act as a barrier against Mesozoic clades and provide refugia for formerly shallow marine Paleozoic communities. In summary, the data presented from this thesis suggest that low oxygen concentrations acted as a limiting variable in the evolution of metabolically active fauna. The data also suggest Paleozoic deep-water communities experienced dissolved oxygen concentrations that varied significantly from equilibrium with the atmosphere.
Author : Donald E. Canfield
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691168369
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Oxygen written by Donald E. Canfield and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable scientific story of how Earth became an oxygenated planet The air we breathe is twenty-one percent oxygen, an amount higher than on any other known world. While we may take our air for granted, Earth was not always an oxygenated planet. How did it become this way? Donald Canfield—one of the world's leading authorities on geochemistry, earth history, and the early oceans—covers this vast history, emphasizing its relationship to the evolution of life and the evolving chemistry of the Earth. Canfield guides readers through the various lines of scientific evidence, considers some of the wrong turns and dead ends along the way, and highlights the scientists and researchers who have made key discoveries in the field. Showing how Earth’s atmosphere developed over time, Oxygen takes readers on a remarkable journey through the history of the oxygenation of our planet.
Author : Heinrich D Holland
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123813921
Total Pages : 681 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry written by Heinrich D Holland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-05-25 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Readings from the Treatise on Geochemistry offers an interdisciplinary reference for scientists, researchers and upper undergraduate and graduate level geochemistry students that is more affordable than the full Treatise. For professionals, this volume will provide an overview of the field as a whole. For students, it will provide more in-depth introductory content than is found in broad-based geochemistry textbooks. Articles were selected from chapters across all volumes of the full Treatise, and include: The Origin and Earliest History of the Earth, Compositional Evolution of the Mantle, Evolution of Sedimentary Rocks, Soil Formation, Geochemistry of Groundwater, Geologic History of Seawater, Hydrothermal Processes, and Biogeochemistry of Primary Production in the Sea. Comprehensive, interdisciplinary and authoritative content selected by leading subject experts Robust illustrations, figures and tables Affordably priced sampling of content from the full Treatise on Geochemistry
Author : Robert C. Roach
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1489976787
Total Pages : 765 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Hypoxia written by Robert C. Roach and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest in a series of books from the International Hypoxia Symposia, this volume spans reviews on key topics in hypoxia, and abstracts from poster and oral presentations. The biannual International Hypoxia Symposia are dedicated to hosting the best basic scientific and clinical minds to focus on the integrative and translational biology of hypoxia. Long before ‘translational medicine’ was a catchphrase, the founders of the International Hypoxia Symposia brought together basic scientists, clinicians and physiologists to live, eat, ski, innovate and collaborate in the Canadian Rockies. This collection of reviews and abstracts is divided into six sections, each covering new and important work relevant to a broad range of researchers interested in how humans adjust to hypoxia, whether on the top of Mt. Everest or in the pulmonary or cardiology clinic at low altitude. The sections include: Epigenetic Variations in Hypoxia High Altitude Adaptation Hypoxia and Sleep Hypoxia and the Brain Molecular Oxygen Sensing Physiological Responses to Hypoxia
Author : Kula C. Misra
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444350951
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Geochemistry written by Kula C. Misra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to serve as a text for an introductory course in geochemistry for undergraduate/graduate students with at least an elementary–level background in earth sciences, chemistry, and mathematics. The text, containing 83 tables and 181 figures, covers a wide variety of topics — ranging from atomic structure to chemical and isotopic equilibria to modern biogeochemical cycles — which are divided into four interrelated parts: Crystal Chemistry; Chemical Reactions (and biochemical reactions involving bacteria); Isotope Geochemistry (radiogenic and stable isotopes); and The Earth Supersystem, which includes discussions pertinent to the evolution of the solid Earth, the atmosphere, and the hydrosphere. In keeping with the modern trend in the field of geochemistry, the book emphasizes computational techniques by developing appropriate mathematical relations, solving a variety of problems to illustrate application of the mathematical relations, and leaving a set of questions at the end of each chapter to be solved by students. However, so as not to interrupt the flow of the text, involved chemical concepts and mathematical derivations are separated in the form of boxes. Supplementary materials are packaged into ten appendixes that include a standard–state (298.15 K, 1 bar) thermodynamic data table and a listing of answers to selected chapter–end questions. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/misra/geochemistry.
Author : Victor Melezhik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364229670X
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Reading the Archive of Earth’s Oxygenation written by Victor Melezhik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth’s present-day environments are the outcome of a 4.5 billion year period of evolution reflecting the interaction of global-scale geological and biological processes. Punctuating that evolution were several extraordinary events and episodes that perturbed the entire Earth system and led to the creation of new environmental conditions, sometimes even to fundamental changes in how planet Earth operated. Volume 3: Global Events and the Fennoscandian Arctic Russia - Drilling Earth Project represents another kind of illustrated journey through the early Palaeoproterozoic, provided by syntheses, reviews and summaries of the current state of our understanding of a series of global events that resulted in a fundamental change of the Earth System from an anoxic to an oxic state. The book discusses traces of life, possible causes for the Huronian-age glaciations, addresses radical changes in carbon, sulphur and phosphorus cycles during the Palaeoproterozoic, and provides a comprehensive description and a rich photo-documentation of the early Palaeoproterozoic supergiant, petrified oil-field. Terrestrial environments are characterised through a critical review of available data on weathered and calichified surfaces and travertine deposits. Potential implementation of Ca, Mg, Sr, Fe, Mo, U and Re-Os isotope systems for deciphering Palaeoproterozoic seawater chemistry and a change in the redox-state of water and sedimentary columns are discussed. The volume considers in detail the definition of the oxic atmosphere, possible causes for the oxygen rise, and considers the oxidation of terrestrial environment not as a single event, but a slow-motion process lasting over hundreds of millions of years. Finally, the book provides a roadmap as to how the FAR-DEEP cores may facilitate future interesting science and provide a new foundation for education in earth-science community. Welcome to the illustrative journey through one of the most exciting periods of planet Earth!
Author : Gary Marlin Sandquist
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119213967
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Introduction to System Science with MATLAB written by Gary Marlin Sandquist and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores mathematical basis for developing and evaluating continuous and discrete systems In this revised Second Edition of Introduction to System Science with MATLAB®, the authors Gary Sandquist and Zakary Wilde provide a comprehensive exploration of essential concepts, mathematical framework, analytical resources, and productive skills required to address any rational system confidently and adequately for quantitative evaluation. This Second Edition is supplemented with new updates to the mathematical and technical materials from the first edition. A new chapter to assist readers to generalize and execute algorithms for systems development and analysis, as well as an expansion of the chapter covering specific system science applications, is included. The book provides the mathematical basis for developing and evaluating single and multiple input/output systems that are continuous or discrete. It offers the mathematical basis for the recognition, definition, quantitative modeling, analysis, and evaluation in system science. The book also provides: Comprehensive introduction to system science and the principles of causality, cause and effect operations, including their historical and scientific background Complete exploration of fundamental systems concepts and basic system equations, including definitions and classifications Practical applications and discussions of single-input systems, multiple-input systems, and system modeling and evaluation In-depth examination of generalized system analysis methods and specific system science applications Perfect for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in engineering, mathematics, and physical sciences. Introduction to System Science with MATLAB® will also earn a prominent place in libraries of researchers in the life and social sciences.
Author : P.A. Trudinger
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080874622
Total Pages : 621 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Biogeochemical Cycling of Mineral-Forming Elements written by P.A. Trudinger and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogeochemical Cycling of Mineral-Forming Elements
Author : Roland N. Pittman
Publisher : Biota Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1615047212
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 850 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Astrobiology written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Marion Eugene Bickford
Publisher : Geological Society of America
ISBN 13 : 0813725003
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (137 download)
Download or read book The Web of Geological Sciences written by Marion Eugene Bickford and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2013 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers many of the important advances in the geological sciences from 1963 to 2013. These advances include understanding plate tectonics, exploration of the Moon and Mars, development of new computing and analytical technologies, understanding of the role of microbiology in geologic processes, and many others"--Provided by publisher.
