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Quantitative Analysis Of Spectral Interference Of Spontaneous Raman Scattering In High Pressure Fuel Rich H2 Air Combustion
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Book Synopsis Quantitative Analysis of Spectral Interference of Spontaneous Raman Scattering in High-Pressure Fuel-Rich H2-Air Combustion by : Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Spectral Interference of Spontaneous Raman Scattering in High-Pressure Fuel-Rich H2-Air Combustion written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present a theoretical study of the spectral interferences in the spontaneous Raman scattering spectra of major combustion products in 30-atm fuel-rich hydrogen-air flames. An effective methodology is introduced to choose an appropriate line-shape model for simulating Raman spectra in high-pressure combustion environments. The Voigt profile with the additive approximation assumption was found to provide a reasonable model of the spectral line shape for the present analysis. The rotational/vibrational Raman spectra of H2, N2, and H2O were calculated using an anharmonic-oscillator model using the latest collisional broadening coefficients. The calculated spectra were validated with data obtained in a 10-atm fuel-rich H2-air flame and showed excellent agreement. Our quantitative spectral analysis for equivalence ratios ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 revealed substantial amounts of spectral cross-talk between the rotational H2 lines and the N2 O-/Q-branch; and between the vibrational H2O(0,3) line and the vibrational H2O spectrum. We also address the temperature dependence of the spectral cross-talk and extend our analysis to include a cross-talk compensation technique that removes the nterference arising from the H2 Raman spectra onto the N2, or H2O spectra.
Download or read book Research & Technology 2004 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement and Simulation of Spontaneous Raman Scattering Spectra in High-Pressure, Fuel-Rich H2-Air Flames by : Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)
Download or read book Measurement and Simulation of Spontaneous Raman Scattering Spectra in High-Pressure, Fuel-Rich H2-Air Flames written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotational vibrational spontaneous Raman spectra (SRS) of H2, N2, and H2O have been measured in H2-air flames at pressures up to 30 atm as a first stem towards establishing a comprehensive Raman spectral database for temperatures and species in high-pressure combustion. A newly developed high-pressure burner facility provides steady, reproducible flames with a high degree of flow precision. We have obtained an initial set of measurements that indicate the spectra are of sufficient quality in terms of spectral resolution, wavelength coverage, and signal-to-noise ratio for use in future reference standards. The fully resolved Stokes and anti-Stokes shifted SRS spectra were collected in the visible wavelength range (400-700 nm) using pulse-stretched 532 nm excitation and a non-intensified CCD spectrograph with a high-speed shutter. Reasonable temperatures were determined via the intensity distribution of rotational H2 lines at stoichiometry and fuel-rich conditions. Theoretical Raman spectra of H2 were computed using a semi-classical harmonic-oscillator model with recent pressure broadening data and were compared with experimental results. The data and simulation indicated that high-J rotational lines of H2 might interfere with the N2 vibrational Q-branch lines, and this could lead to errors in N2-Raman thermometry based on the line-fitting method. From a comparison of N2 Q-branch spectra in lean H2 low-pressure (1.2 atm) and high-pressure (30 atm) flames, we found no significant line-narrowing or -broadening effects at the current spectrometer resolution of 0.04 nm.
Book Synopsis Thermometry in High Pressure Gases Using Spontaneous Raman Scattering by : Timothy William Haller
Download or read book Thermometry in High Pressure Gases Using Spontaneous Raman Scattering written by Timothy William Haller and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spontaneous Raman scattering from nitrogen is studied in high pressure gases. Collision frequency increases with increasing gas density, causing spectral lines to broaden due to pressure broadening and mix when the lines are strongly overlapped. Because spontaneous Raman thermometry is accomplished by fitting a simulated spectrum to an experimental spectrum, spectral models that neglect these collision-induced effects will lead to erroneous temperature inference. This work investigates the influence of high density on ro-vibrational spontaneous Raman scattering, which must be understood to obtain accurate thermometry in high pressure gases. The temperature profile through a flame front was measured at 1 atm, 3 atm, and 5 atm using spontaneous Raman scattering from nitrogen. The pressure broadening was measured for the anisotropic tensor component of spontaneous Raman scattering from room temperature nitrogen over the pressure range of 10 atm to 70 atm for three gas compositions: pure nitrogen, air, and nitrogen in argon. The unmixed line model was found to give good fits to the O and S branches for all pressures, which indicates that line mixing effects are not significant in the O and S branches over this pressure range. Using indirect experimental evidence, line mixing effects in the anisotropic component of the Q branch were inferred to be below the threshold set by the experimental spectral resolution at pressures up to 70 atm at room temperature. Assuming that the anisotropic Q branch lines mix like the isotropic lines was found to result in a small systematic error in the inferred temperature at flame temperatures, with the error increasing slowly with pressure. The bias can be removed by modeling the anisotropic spectrum separately from the isotropic spectrum. Line mixing effects should be included in the modeling of the isotropic component of the Raman spectrum, but can probably be neglected in the anisotropic component of the ro-vibrational spontaneous Raman spectrum of nitrogen
Book Synopsis Hybrid Fs/ps Rotational CARS Temperature and Oxygen Measurements in the Product Gases of Canonical Flat Flames by :
Download or read book Hybrid Fs/ps Rotational CARS Temperature and Oxygen Measurements in the Product Gases of Canonical Flat Flames written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hybrid fs/ps pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) scheme is systematically evaluated over a wide range of flame conditions in the product gases of two canonical flat-flame burners. Near-transform-limited, broadband femtosecond pump and Stokes pulses impulsively prepare a rotational Raman coherence, which is later probed using a high-energy, frequency-narrow picosecond beam generated by the second-harmonic bandwidth compression scheme that has recently been demonstrated for rotational CARS generation in H2/air flat flames. The measured spectra are free of collision effects and nonresonant background and can be obtained on a single-shot basis at 1 kHz. The technique is evaluated for temperature/oxygen measurements in near-adiabatic H2/air flames stabilized on the Hencken burner for equivalence ratios of [phi] = 0.20-1.20. Thermometry is demonstrated in hydrocarbon/air products for [phi] = 0.75-3.14 in premixed C2H4/air flat flames on the McKenna burner. Reliable spectral fitting is demonstrated for both shot-averaged and single-laser-shot data using a simple phenomenological model. Measurement accuracy is benchmarked by comparison to adiabatic-equilibrium calculations for the H2/air flames, and by comparison with nanosecond CARS measurements for the C2H4/air flames. Quantitative accuracy comparable to nanosecond rotational CARS measurements is observed, while the observed precision in both the temperature and oxygen data is extraordinarily high, exceeding nanosecond CARS, and on par with the best published thermometric precision by femtosecond vibrational CARS in flames, and rotational femtosecond CARS at low temperature. Threshold levels of signal-to-noise ratio to achieve 1-2% precision in temperature and O2/N2 ratio are identified. Our results show that pure-rotational fs/ps CARS is a robust and quantitative tool when applied across a wide range of flame conditions spanning lean H2/air combustion to fuel-rich sooting hydrocarbon flames.
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Gas Diagnostics by : Marshall Lapp
Download or read book Laser Raman Gas Diagnostics written by Marshall Lapp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Laser Raman Workshop on the r"eas urement of Gas Properti es i sone of aseries of occasional meetings organized in an informal workshop format through the stimulation of Project SQUID, Office of Naval Research. This workshop is the second to be organized on gas-phase applications of Raman scattering. Both Raman workshops were supported by Project SQUID, ONR, and the Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The first Raman Workshop was held at the AVCO Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, Massachusetts, with their co-sponsorship in January 1972 under the chairmanship of D. A. Leonard. The present meeting was co-sponsored by the General Electric Research and Development Center, and held at their facility in Schenectady, New York. We are grateful to Project SQUID, AFAPL, and GE for their generous financial support of this Workshop, and to Project SQUID for underwriting the publication costs of the Proceedings. As is always the case for successful meetings, many people contributed substantially to the organization and execution of this workshop. Professor Robert Goulard supported, aided, and encouraged us in the most helpful ways, and we are indebted to him. We received further valuable support and assistance from Dr. Ralph Roberts, Director, and Mr. James R. Patton, Jr., of the Power Branch, Office of Naval Research; from Dr. William H. Heiser, Chief Scientist of the Aero Propulsion Laboratory; and from Dr. James M.
Book Synopsis Determination of Gas Temperatures from Laser-Raman Scattering by : Jack A. Salzman
Download or read book Determination of Gas Temperatures from Laser-Raman Scattering written by Jack A. Salzman and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation was conducted on the feasibility of using Raman scattered laser light to measure local gas temperatures. Temperature error predictions were made based on the statistics of the scattering process and Raman spectral theory. Methods were developed for the calculation of temperature measurement accuracies as a function of Raman signal for different spectral line ratio schemes. The results of these theoretical calculations were compared with experimental rotational Raman data obtained from a laboratory-constructed Raman spectrophotometer. Nitrogen was used as a gas sample for a range of controlled temperatures from 253 to 313 K and pressures from 0. 5 to 5.0 atmospheres.
Book Synopsis Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons by : K. E. Sterin
Download or read book Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons written by K. E. Sterin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons: A Data Handbook provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the phenomenon of Raman scattering of light. This book discusses the methods of molecular spectroscopy, which occupy one of the primary places in investigations of the structure and composition of matter. This book begins with an overview of the conditions for obtaining the Raman spectra. This text then examines the spatial directivity and polarization of laser radiation, which makes it easy to measure the polarization properties of the Raman lines and their absolute intensity. The reader is also introduced to the comparison between the intensities of a given line and of the standard, which is carried out according to the rules of photographic photometry. This book discusses as well the spectrum of each hydrocarbon presented in the form of a table containing data on frequencies, intensities, and in several cases degrees of depolarization and width of the Raman lines. This book is a valuable resource for scientists.
Book Synopsis On the Effect of the Hydrogen Bond on Raman Spectrum by : A. I. Stekhanov
Download or read book On the Effect of the Hydrogen Bond on Raman Spectrum written by A. I. Stekhanov and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering: New Theoretical Approaches, Materials and Strategies by : Ivano Alessandri
Download or read book Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering: New Theoretical Approaches, Materials and Strategies written by Ivano Alessandri and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Use of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Hydrogen Leak Detection by : Wim A. De Groot
Download or read book The Use of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Hydrogen Leak Detection written by Wim A. De Groot and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combustion Diagnostics Using Laser Spontaneous-Raman Scattering by : Perry Pappas Yaney
Download or read book Combustion Diagnostics Using Laser Spontaneous-Raman Scattering written by Perry Pappas Yaney and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An existing computer-controlled Raman Spectroscopy system, using a pulsed nitrogen laser and a double spectrometer, was upgraded and used to measure the temperatures in the combustion plume of an afterburning J85-5 turbojet engine. The computer-fitted temperatures had standard deviations between one and three percent. The agreement with simultaneous and sequential gas-sampling probe measurements and with sequential thermocouple measurements was within five percent. Upon completion of these studies, the system was extensively modified for use with a 10-inch diameter combustion tunnel. Forty-eight sets of Raman data were taken over a wide range of operating conditions of the tunnel. The temperatures ranged from 1000 to over 2000 K using methane fuel. The turbulent diffusion flame was characterized by an unsteady appearance and was orange-yellow in color. Poisson standard deviations for 21 of the measurements averaged four percent. Measurements and spectra of the laser-induced and non-laser-induced backgrounds were also obtained and analyzed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Feasibility of CARS Measurements in Scramjet Combustion by : J. A. Shirley
Download or read book Investigation of the Feasibility of CARS Measurements in Scramjet Combustion written by J. A. Shirley and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advanced Diagnostics in Combustion Science by : Zhen-Yu Tian
Download or read book Advanced Diagnostics in Combustion Science written by Zhen-Yu Tian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-12 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook, supported by the Textbook Publishing Center of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, provides a fundamental introduction to advanced diagnostics techniques for graduate students majoring in combustion science, chemistry, and chemical engineering-related subjects. The textbook provides an overview with respect to the spectroscopic methods in advanced diagnostics techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, thermochemical analysis, Raman scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance. It then describes the comprehensive basic theory, equipment structure, and testing methods of diagnostic techniques and summarizes the analysis methods commonly used in combustion chemical reaction processes. This can provide graduate students with important guidance and comprehensive understanding of diagnostics techniques before performing physics and chemistry experiments. In addition, it provides an introduction into using common mathematical and graphics packages for students to acquire and practice the tools to comply with international standards. The textbook is concise and illustrative and includes hot issues and current progress of diagnostics. In addition, exercises and questions are included at the end of each chapter for students to practice and gain hands-on experience. Given its scope, the textbook is of great benefit to graduate students in combustion chemistry and engineering and other related areas such as environmental science, optical engineering, and thermal science and is also beneficial for researchers with interdisciplinary backgrounds.
Book Synopsis Spontaneous Raman Scattering Spectroscopy Towards Quantitative and Sub-diffraction-limited Analysis by : Steffen Rieger
Download or read book Spontaneous Raman Scattering Spectroscopy Towards Quantitative and Sub-diffraction-limited Analysis written by Steffen Rieger and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spontaneous Raman Scattering Diagnostics for High-pressure Gaseous Flames by : Jun Kojima
Download or read book Spontaneous Raman Scattering Diagnostics for High-pressure Gaseous Flames written by Jun Kojima and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Raman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids by : Alfons Weber
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids written by Alfons Weber and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
