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Pyrochemical Processes For The Recovery Of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either As A Metal Or As Puo2 For Use In Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets
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Book Synopsis Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets by : C. A. Colmenares
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets written by C. A. Colmenares and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets by :
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have developed two processes for the recovery of weapons grade Pu, as either Pu metal or PuO2, that are strictly pyrochemical and do not produce any liquid waste. Large amounts of Pu metal (up to 4 kg.), in various geometric shapes, have been recovered by a hydride/dehydride/casting process (HYDEC) to produce metal ingots of any desired shape. The three processing steps are carried out in a single compact apparatus. The experimental technique and results obtained will be described. The authors have prepared PuO2 powders from weapons grade Pu by a process that hydrides the Pu metal followed by the oxidation of the hydride (HYDOX process). Experimental details of the best way to carry out this process will be presented, as well as the characterization of both hydride and oxide powders produced.
Book Synopsis Pyrochemical Processing of Plutonium. Technology Review Report by :
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processing of Plutonium. Technology Review Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-aqueous processes are now in routine use for direct conversion of plutonium oxide to metal, molten salt extraction of americium, and purification of impure metals by electrorefining. These processes are carried out at elevated temperatures in either refractory metal crucibles or magnesium-oxide ceramics in batch-mode operation. Direct oxide reduction is performed in units up to 700 gram PuO2 batch size with molten calcium metal as the reductant and calcium chloride as the reaction flux. Americium metal is removed from plutonium metal by salt extraction with molten magnesium chloride. Electrorefining is used to isolate impurities from molten plutonium by molten salt ion transport in a controlled potential oxidation-reduction cell. Such cells can purify five or more kilograms of impure metal per 5-day electrorefining cycle. The product metal obtained is typically> 99.9% pure, starting from impure feeds. Metal scrap and crucible skulls are recovered by hydriding of the metallic residues and recovered either as impure metal or oxide feeds.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plutonium Processing in the Nuclear Weapons Complex by :
Download or read book Plutonium Processing in the Nuclear Weapons Complex written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the methods and facilities for DOE's processing of plutonium for use in nuclear weapons. DOE no longer produces plutonium but processes and recycles the plutonium from retired nuclear weapons and the plutonium that remains as scrap or residue from plutonium processing. It has used two basic processes: aqueous and pyrochemical, at four processing sites, although only one site is currently operating. Photos, drawings and charts.
Book Synopsis Thorium Fuel Cycle by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Thorium Fuel Cycle written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical review of the thorium fuel cycle: potential benefits and challenges in the thorium fuel cycle, mainly based on the latest developments at the front end of the fuel cycle, applying thorium fuel cycle options, and at the back end of the thorium fuel cycle.
Book Synopsis The Thermodynamics of Pyrochemical Processes for Liquid Metal Reactor Fuel Cycles by :
Download or read book The Thermodynamics of Pyrochemical Processes for Liquid Metal Reactor Fuel Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thermodynamic basis for pyrochemical processes for the recovery and purification of fuel for the liquid metal reactor fuel cycle is described. These processes involve the transport of the uranium and plutonium from one liquid alloy to another through a molten salt. The processes discussed use liquid alloys of cadmium, zinc, and magnesium and molten chloride salts. The oxidation-reduction steps are done either chemically by the use of an auxiliary redox couple or electrochemically by the use of an external electrical supply. The same basic thermodynamics apply to both the salt transport and the electrotransport processes. Large deviations from ideal solution behavior of the actinides and lanthanides in the liquid alloys have a major influence on the solubilities and the performance of both the salt transport and electrotransport processes. Separation of plutonium and uranium from each other and decontamination from the more noble fission product elements can be achieved using both transport processes. The thermodynamic analysis is used to make process design computations for different process conditions.
Book Synopsis A Pyrochemical Process for the Reduction of Plutonium Dioxide to Metal by : Rowland E. Felt
Download or read book A Pyrochemical Process for the Reduction of Plutonium Dioxide to Metal written by Rowland E. Felt and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Russian Academy of Sciences
Download or read book Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Russian Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The so-called nuclear renaissance has increased worldwide interest in nuclear power. This potential growth also has increased, in some quarters, concern that nonproliferation considerations are not being given sufficient attention. In particular, since introduction of many new power reactors will lead to requiring increased uranium enrichment services to provide the reactor fuel, the proliferation risk of adding enrichment facilities in countries that do not have them now led to proposals to provide the needed fuel without requiring indigenous enrichment facilities. Similar concerns exist for reprocessing facilities. Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle summarizes key issues and analyses of the topic, offers some criteria for evaluating options, and makes findings and recommendations to help the United States, the Russian Federation, and the international community reduce proliferation and other risks, as nuclear power is used more widely. This book is intended for all those who are concerned about the need for assuring fuel for new reactors and at the same time limiting the spread of nuclear weapons. This audience includes the United States and Russia, other nations that currently supply nuclear material and technology, many other countries contemplating starting or growing nuclear power programs, and the international organizations that support the safe, secure functioning of the international nuclear fuel cycle, most prominently the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Book Synopsis Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : National Research Council
Download or read book Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Book Synopsis State-of-the-art Report on the Progress of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Chemistry by :
Download or read book State-of-the-art Report on the Progress of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implementation of advanced nuclear systems requires that new technologies associated with the back end of the fuel cycle are developed. The separation of minor actinides from other fuel components is one of the advanced concepts being studied to help close the nuclear fuel cycle and to improve the long-term effects on the performance of geological repositories. Separating spent fuel elements and subsequently converting them through transmutation into short-lived nuclides should considerably reduce the longterm risks associated with nuclear power generation.
Book Synopsis Status and Trends in Pyroprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuels by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Status and Trends in Pyroprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuels written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of recycling the spent nuclear fuel through partitioning processes has been recognized worldwide for increasing and sustaining nuclear energy.
Book Synopsis CONVERSION OF RUSSIAN WEAPON-GRADE PLUTONIUM INTO OXIDE FOR MIXED OXIDE (MOX) FUEL FABRICATION. by :
Download or read book CONVERSION OF RUSSIAN WEAPON-GRADE PLUTONIUM INTO OXIDE FOR MIXED OXIDE (MOX) FUEL FABRICATION. written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress has been made in the Russian Federation towards the conversion of weapons-grade plutonium (w-Pu) into plutonium oxide (PuO2) suitable for further manufacture into mixed oxide (MOX) fuels. This program is funded both by French Commissariat x 1'Energie Atomique (CEA) and the US National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). The French program was started as a way to make available their expertise gained from manufacturing MOX fuel. The US program was started in 1998 in response to US proliferation concerns and the acknowledged international need to decrease available w-Pu. Russia has selected both the conversion process and the manufacturing site. This paper discusses the present state of development towards fulfilling this mission: the demonstration plant designed to process small amounts of Pu and validate all process stages and the industrial plant that will process up to 5 metric tons of Pu per year.
Book Synopsis Interfacing Solvent Extraction in the Recovery of Pyrochemical Residues at the Savannah River Plant by :
Download or read book Interfacing Solvent Extraction in the Recovery of Pyrochemical Residues at the Savannah River Plant written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The traditional feedstock for plutonium recovery at the Savannah River Plant (SRP) has been spent reactor fuel elements and irradiated targets. Feed sources have included both onsite reactors and a wide variety of domestic and foreign reactors. For the past few years, a growing and increasingly varied mix of unirradiated plutonium residues has been purified through SRP aqueous-based processes. Recently, plutonium residues generated in various chloride salt melts have become a significant offsite source of feed for SRP recovery operations. Impure plutonium metal and plutonium alloys have also been processed. A broader range of molten salt and other high temperature residues is anticipated for the future. The major advantage of solvent extraction for scrap purification is the versatility of the solvent extraction system which allows numerous contaminants to be removed by routine operations. Major concerns are nuclear safety control, corrosion of equipment, and control of releases to the environment. SRP's past, present, and future interfacing of solvent extraction in processing pyrochemical and other plutonium-containing residues is reviewed.
Book Synopsis Safety Issues in Fabricating Mixed Oxide Fuel Using Surplus Weapons Plutonium by :
Download or read book Safety Issues in Fabricating Mixed Oxide Fuel Using Surplus Weapons Plutonium written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an assessment of the safety issues and implications of fabricating mixed oxide (MOX) fuel using surplus weapons plutonium. The basis for this assessment is the research done at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in identifying and resolving the technical issues surrounding the production of PuO2 feed, removal of gallium from the PuO2 feed, the fabrication of test fuel, and the work done at the LANL plutonium processing facility. The use of plutonium in MOX fuel has been successfully demonstrated in Europe, where the experience has been almost exclusively with plutonium separated from commercial spent nuclear fuel. This experience in safely operating MOX fuel fabrication facilities directly applies to the fabrication and irradiation of MOX fuel made from surplus weapons plutonium. Consequently, this paper focuses on the technical difference between plutonium from surplus weapons, and light-water reactor recycled plutonium. Preliminary assessments and research lead to the conclusion that no new process or product safety concerns will arise from using surplus weapons plutonium in MOX fuel.
Book Synopsis NAA-SR. by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission
Download or read book NAA-SR. written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
