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Download or read book PYROCHEMICAL PROCESS FOR THE REDUCTION OF PLUTONIUM DIOXIDE TO METAL. written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rowland E. Felt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book A Pyrochemical Process for the Reduction of Plutonium Dioxide to Metal written by Rowland E. Felt and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processing of Plutonium. Technology Review Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-aqueous processes are now in routine use for direct conversion of plutonium oxide to metal, molten salt extraction of americium, and purification of impure metals by electrorefining. These processes are carried out at elevated temperatures in either refractory metal crucibles or magnesium-oxide ceramics in batch-mode operation. Direct oxide reduction is performed in units up to 700 gram PuO2 batch size with molten calcium metal as the reductant and calcium chloride as the reaction flux. Americium metal is removed from plutonium metal by salt extraction with molten magnesium chloride. Electrorefining is used to isolate impurities from molten plutonium by molten salt ion transport in a controlled potential oxidation-reduction cell. Such cells can purify five or more kilograms of impure metal per 5-day electrorefining cycle. The product metal obtained is typically> 99.9% pure, starting from impure feeds. Metal scrap and crucible skulls are recovered by hydriding of the metallic residues and recovered either as impure metal or oxide feeds.
Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781568065687
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (656 download)
Download or read book Plutonium Processing in the Nuclear Weapons Complex written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the methods and facilities for DOE's processing of plutonium for use in nuclear weapons. DOE no longer produces plutonium but processes and recycles the plutonium from retired nuclear weapons and the plutonium that remains as scrap or residue from plutonium processing. It has used two basic processes: aqueous and pyrochemical, at four processing sites, although only one site is currently operating. Photos, drawings and charts.
Author : Major C. Thompson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Reduction of Plutonium Dioxide to Plutonium Metal written by Major C. Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regeneration and Recycle of Spent Oxide Reduction Solvent Salts Used in Pyrochemical Plutonium Recovery Operations at Los Alamos written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One method used at Los Alamos for producing plutonium metal is to chemically reduce the oxide with calcium metal in molten CaCl2 at 850°C. The solvent CaCl2 from this reduction step is currently discarded as low-level radioactive waste because it is saturated with the reaction by-product, CaO. We have developed and demonstrated a molten salt technique for rechlorinating the CaO, thereby regenerating the CaCl2 and incorporating solvent recycle into the batch PuO2 reduction process. We discuss results from salt regeneration and recycle experiments, and present our plans for incorporating the technique into an advanced design for semi-continuous plutonium metal production.
Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Nuclear Materials written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Keith W. Fife
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (392 download)
Download or read book Direct Oxide Reduction (DOR) Solvent Salt Recycle in Pyrochemical Plutonium Recovery Operations written by Keith W. Fife and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have developed two processes for the recovery of weapons grade Pu, as either Pu metal or PuO2, that are strictly pyrochemical and do not produce any liquid waste. Large amounts of Pu metal (up to 4 kg.), in various geometric shapes, have been recovered by a hydride/dehydride/casting process (HYDEC) to produce metal ingots of any desired shape. The three processing steps are carried out in a single compact apparatus. The experimental technique and results obtained will be described. The authors have prepared PuO2 powders from weapons grade Pu by a process that hydrides the Pu metal followed by the oxidation of the hydride (HYDOX process). Experimental details of the best way to carry out this process will be presented, as well as the characterization of both hydride and oxide powders produced.
Download or read book Fused Salt Processing of Impure Plutonium Dioxide to High-purity Plutonium Metal written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A process for converting impure plutonium dioxide (approx. 96% pure) to high-purity plutonium metal (>99.9%) was developed. The process consists of reducing the oxide to an impure plutonium metal intermediate with calcium metal in molten calcium chloride. The impure intermediate metal is cast into an anode and electrorefined to produce high-purity plutonium metal. The oxide reduction step is being done now on a 0.6-kg scale with the resulting yield being>99.5%. The electrorefining is being done on a 4.0-kg scale with the resulting yield being 80 to 85%. The purity of the product, which averages 99.98%, is essentially insensitive to the purity of the feed metal. The yield, however, is directly dependent on the chemical composition of the feed. To date, approximately 250 kg of impure oxide has been converted to pure metal by this processing sequence. The availability of impure plutonium dioxide, together with the need for pure plutonium metal, makes this sequence a valuable plutonium processing tool.
Download or read book Pyrochemistry at Rocky Flats. First Edition written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pyrochemical and pyrometallurgical processes are utilized at Rocky Flats for plutonium recovery and purification. Many of these processes use molten salts and molten metals which are stirred together or equilibrated at 700 to 900/sup 0/C, resulting in chemical reactions. In one case, an electric current is also applied. These processes include molten salt extraction (MSE) for the removal of americium from plutonium; salt cleanup (SCU) for the recovery of the americium and plutonium from the MSE spent salt; direct oxide reduction (DOR) for the conversion of plutonium oxide to plutonium metal; and two.
Author : C. A. Colmenares
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (385 download)
Download or read book Pyrochemical Processes for the Recovery of Weapons Grade Plutonium Either as a Metal Or as PuO2 for Use in Mixed Oxide Reactor Fuel Pellets written by C. A. Colmenares and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Review of Major Plutonium Pyrochemical Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past twenty years have seen significant growth in the development and application of pyrochemical technology for processing of plutonium. For particular feedstocks and specific applications, non-aqueous high-temperature processes offer key advantages over conventional hydrometallurgical systems. Major processes in use today include: (1) direct oxide reduction for conversion of PuO2 to metal, (2) molten salt extraction for americium removal from plutonium, (3) molten salt electrorefining for Pu purification, and (4) hydriding to remove plutonium from host substrates. This paper reviews current major pyrochemical processes from the classical calcination-hydrofluorination-bomb reduction sequence through new techniques under development. Each process is presented and brief descriptions of production equipment are given. 47 references, 5 figures.
Author : Keith W. Fife
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book The Preparation of Fused Chloride Salts for Use in Pyrochemical Plutonium Recovery Operations at Los Alamos written by Keith W. Fife and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (826 download)
Download or read book The Preparation of Fused Chloride Salts for Use in Pyrochemical Plutonium Recovery Operations at Los Alamos written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Plutonium Metal Technology Group at Los Alamos routinely uses pyrochemical processes to produce and purify plutonium from impure sources. The basic processes (metal production, metal purification, and residue treatment) involve controlling oxidation and reduction reactions between plutonium and its compounds in molten salts. Current production methods are described, as well as traditional approaches and recent developments in the preparation of solvent salts for electrorefining, molten salt extraction, lean metal (pyroredox) purification, and direct oxide reduction.
Download or read book Review of Plutonium Process Chemistry at Rocky Flats written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutonium metal scrap, oxide, and other residues are processed at Rocky Flats using both pyrochemical and aqueous methods. The pyrochemical processes currently in production include electrorefining, fluorination, hydriding, molten salt extraction (MSE), calcination, and reduction operations. Aqueous processing and waste-treatment methods involve nitric acid dissolution, ion exchange, solvent extraction, and precipitation techniques. An overview of the chemistry involved in these operations will be given. Research in progress to improve these operations, or develop new processes, will also be presented.
Author : M. Levenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Comparative Cost Study of the Processing of Oxide, Carbide, and Metal Fast-breeder-reactor Fuels by Aqueous, Volatility, and Pyrochemical Methods written by M. Levenson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
