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Pulse Shape Discrimination In The Lux Dark Matter Detector
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Book Synopsis Pulse Shape Discrimination in the LUX Dark Matter Detector by : Dev Ashish Khaitan
Download or read book Pulse Shape Discrimination in the LUX Dark Matter Detector written by Dev Ashish Khaitan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abundant evidence from astrophysical and cosmological observations suggests 80% of the total matter density in the Universe is in the form of dark matter (DM). This matter is not described by the Standard Model (SM) and numerous candidates have been proposed. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are one of the leading DM candidates. The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment was built to directly observe the interaction of DM with xenon target nuclei. LUX acquired data between April 2013 until August 2016 at Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota. The analysis of this data led to the publication of numerous world-leading upper limits on the WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-section. WIMPs are expected to produce nuclear recoil (NR) events within liquid xenon time-projection chambers. We present a measurement of the scintillation timing characteristics of liquid xenon in the LUX dark matter detector and develop a pulse shape discriminant to be used for particle identification. To accurately measure the timing characteristics, we develop a template-fitting method to reconstruct the detection times of photons. Analyzing calibration data collected during the 2013-16 LUX WIMP search, we provide a new measurement of the singlet-to-triplet scintillation ratio for electron recoils (ER) below 46 keV, and we make a first-ever measurement of the NR singlet-to-triplet ratio at recoil energies below 74 keV. We exploit the difference of the photon time spectra for NR and ER events by using a prompt fraction discrimination parameter, which is optimized using calibration data to have the least number of ER events that occur in the 50% NR acceptance region. We then demonstrate how this discriminant can be used in conjunction with the charge-to-light discrimination to improve the signal-to-noise ratio for NRs"--Pages xii-xiii.
Book Synopsis Techniques for Inelastic Effective Field Theory Measurements with the Large Underground Xenon Experiment by : Daniel Patrick Hogan
Download or read book Techniques for Inelastic Effective Field Theory Measurements with the Large Underground Xenon Experiment written by Daniel Patrick Hogan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmological evidence indicates that nonbaryonic dark matter makes up a quarter of the energy density of the universe. One hypothesis for the particle nature of dark matter is the weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP). The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase xenon WIMP search experiment with a 250kg active volume. Computational tools developed to support LUX analyses include data mirroring and a data visualization web portal. Within the LUX detector, particle interactions produce pulses of scintillation light. A pulse shape discrimination (PSD) technique is shown to help classify interaction events into nuclear recoils and electron recoils based on the time-structure of the pulses. This approach is evaluated in the context of setting limits on inelastic effective field theory (IEFT) dark matter models. Although PSD is not found to provide significant improvement in the limits, LUX is nevertheless able to set world-leading limits on some IEFT models, while limits for other IEFT models are reported here for the first time.
Book Synopsis An Assessment of the Science Proposed for the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) by : National Research Council
Download or read book An Assessment of the Science Proposed for the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the big bang theory, our Universe began in a state of unimaginably high energy and density, contained in a space of subatomic dimensions. At that time, unlike today, the fundamental forces of nature were presumably unified and the particles present were interacting at energies not attainable by present-day accelerators. Underground laboratories provide the conditions to investigate processes involving rare phenomena in matter and to detect the weak effects of highly elusive particles by replicating similar environments to those once harnessed during the earliest states of the Earth. These laboratories now appear to be the gateway to understanding the physics of the grand unification of the forces of nature. Built to shield extremely sensitive detectors from the noise of their surroundings and the signals associated with cosmic rays, underground facilities have been established during the last 30 years at a number of sites worldwide. To date, the United States' efforts to develop such facilities have been modest and consist primarily of small underground laboratories. However, the U.S. underground community has pushed for larger underground facilities on the scale of major laboratories in other countries. An Assessment of the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) addresses this matter by evaluating the major physics questions and experiments that could be explored with the proposed DUSEL. Measuring the potential impact, this assessment also examines the broader effects of the DUSEL in regards to education and public outreach, and evaluates the need associated with developing U.S. programs similar to science programs in other regions of the world.
Book Synopsis Advanced Pulse Shape Discrimination Algorithms for the Direct Detection of WIMP's in DarkSide-10 by : Robert James Sicurelli (III.)
Download or read book Advanced Pulse Shape Discrimination Algorithms for the Direct Detection of WIMP's in DarkSide-10 written by Robert James Sicurelli (III.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Dark Matter by : Gianfranco Bertone
Download or read book Particle Dark Matter written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology for graduate students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Noble Gas Detectors by : Elena Aprile
Download or read book Noble Gas Detectors written by Elena Aprile and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the physical properties of noble fluids, operational principles of detectors based on these media, and the best technical solutions to the design of these detectors. Essential attention is given to detector technology: purification methods and monitoring of purity, information readout methods, electronics, detection of hard ultra-violet light emission, selection of materials, cryogenics etc. The book is mostly addressed to physicists and graduate students involved in the preparation of fundamental next generation experiments, nuclear engineers developing instrumentation for national nuclear security and for monitoring nuclear materials.
Book Synopsis Production Yield of Muon-Induced Neutrons in Lead by : Holger Kluck
Download or read book Production Yield of Muon-Induced Neutrons in Lead written by Holger Kluck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-28 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work presented in this book is a major step towards understanding and eventually suppressing background in the direct search for dark matter particles scattering off germanium detectors. Although the flux of cosmic muons is reduced by many orders of magnitude in underground laboratories, the remaining energetic muons induce neutrons through various processes, neutrons that can potentially mimic a dark matter signal. This thesis describes the measurement of muon-induced neutrons over more than 3 years in the Modane underground laboratory. The data are complemented by a thorough modeling of the neutron signal using the GEANT4 simulation package, demonstrating the appropriateness of this tool to model these rare processes. As a result, a precise neutron production yield can be presented. Thus, future underground experiments will be able to reliably model the expected rate of muon-induced neutrons, making it possible to develop the necessary shielding concept to suppress this background component.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics At The Year Of Light - Proceedings Of The Seventeenth Lomonosov Conference On Elementary Particle Physics by : Alexander I Studenikin
Download or read book Particle Physics At The Year Of Light - Proceedings Of The Seventeenth Lomonosov Conference On Elementary Particle Physics written by Alexander I Studenikin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume of these proceedings is devoted to a wide variety of items, both in theory and experiment, of particle physics such as electroweak theory, fundamental symmetries, tests of the standard model and beyond, neutrino and astroparticle physics, hadron physics, gravitation and cosmology, physics at the present and future accelerator.
Book Synopsis Particle Detectors by : Hermann Kolanoski
Download or read book Particle Detectors written by Hermann Kolanoski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 949 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamentals of particle detectors as well as their applications. Detector development is an important part of nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics, and through its applications in radiation imaging, it paves the way for advancements in the biomedical and materials sciences. Knowledge in detector physics is one of the required skills of an experimental physicist in these fields. The breadth of knowledge required for detector development comprises many areas of physics and technology, starting from interactions of particles with matter, gas- and solid-state physics, over charge transport and signal development, to elements of microelectronics. The book's aim is to describe the fundamentals of detectors and their different variants and implementations as clearly as possible and as deeply as needed for a thorough understanding. While this comprehensive opus contains all the materials taught in experimental particle physics lectures or modules addressing detector physics at the Master's level, it also goes well beyond these basic requirements. This is an essential text for students who want to deepen their knowledge in this field. It is also a highly useful guide for lecturers and scientists looking for a starting point for detector development work.
Book Synopsis Pulse Shape Discrimination with a Comparator Circuit by : L. J. Heistek
Download or read book Pulse Shape Discrimination with a Comparator Circuit written by L. J. Heistek and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pulse shape discriminator described employs an integrated circuit differential comparator to measure the zero cross-over time of a bi-polar pulse relative to the start of the pulse. The comparator element operates over a dynamic range of 0.02 to 10 V with a time shift of less than 4 ns for DDL pulses with a rise time of 100 ns. The pulse shape discriminator includes pile-up rejection and dead-time circuitry to reduce count rate effects. The energy dependence of the pulse shape for NE 213 and stilbene is measured from 0.2 to 4 MeV electron equivalent energy. The low energy performance for a small stilbene scintillator is studied from 18 to 92 keV electron equivalent energy. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Physics of Background Discrimination in Liquid Xenon, and First Results from Xenon10 in the Hunt for WIMP Dark Matter by :
Download or read book The Physics of Background Discrimination in Liquid Xenon, and First Results from Xenon10 in the Hunt for WIMP Dark Matter written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physics of background discrimination in liquid xenon, and first results from Xenon10 in the hunt for WIMP dark matter.
Book Synopsis Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos by : National Research Council
Download or read book Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
Book Synopsis Light Transport Modelling of Pulse Shape Discrimination Within Plastic Scintillators by : Michael W. J. Hubbard
Download or read book Light Transport Modelling of Pulse Shape Discrimination Within Plastic Scintillators written by Michael W. J. Hubbard and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Photomultiplier Handbook by : A. G. Wright
Download or read book The Photomultiplier Handbook written by A. G. Wright and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Photomultipliers are extremely sensitive light detectors with the capability to detect single photons. In multiplying the charge produced by incident light by up to 100 million times, these devices are essential to a wide range of applications, from medical instrumentation to astronomical observations. This complete and authoritative guide will provide...a deeper understanding of the operating principles of these devices." -- Publisher's description, back cover.
Book Synopsis Physics of Light and Optics (Black & White) by : Michael Ware
Download or read book Physics of Light and Optics (Black & White) written by Michael Ware and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2020 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Photoneutron Sources by : B. W. Sargent
Download or read book Photoneutron Sources written by B. W. Sargent and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
