Progress And Rationality In Science

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Progress and Rationality in Science

Author : G. Radnitzky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940099866X
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Rationality in Science by : G. Radnitzky

Download or read book Progress and Rationality in Science written by G. Radnitzky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays has evolved through the co-operative efforts, which began in the fall of 1974, of the participants in a workshop sponsored by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The idea of holding one or more small colloquia devoted to the topics of rational choice in science and scientific progress originated in a conversation in the summer of 1973 between one of the editors (GR) and the late Imre Lakatos. Unfortunately Lakatos himself was never able to see this project through, but his thought-provoking methodology of scientific research programmes was ably expounded and defended by his successors. Indeed, this volume continues and deepens the debate inaugurated in Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (edited by Imre Lakatos and Alan Musgrave), a book which grew out of a conference held in 1965. That debate has continued during the years that have passed since that conference. The group of discussions about the place of rationality in science which have been held between those who emphasize the history of science (with Feyerabend and Kuhn as the most prominent exponents) and the critical rationalists (Popper and his followers), with Imre Lakatos defending a middle ground, these discussions were seen by almost all commentators as the most important event in the philosophy of science in the last decade. This problem area constituted the central theme of our Thyssen workshop. The workshop operated in the following manner.

The Rationality of Science

Author : W.H. Newton-Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134930968
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rationality of Science by : W.H. Newton-Smith

Download or read book The Rationality of Science written by W.H. Newton-Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-02-07 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Progress and Its Problems

Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520037212
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Its Problems by : Larry Laudan

Download or read book Progress and Its Problems written by Larry Laudan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1978-10-27 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A book that shakes philosophy of science to its roots. Laudan both destroys and creates. With detailed, scathing criticisms, he attacks the 'pregnant confusions' in extant philosophies of science. The progress they espouse derives from strictly empirical criteria, he complains, and this clashes with historical evidence. Accordingly, Laudan constructs a remedy from historical examples that involves nothing less than the redefinition of scientific rationality and progress . . . Surprisingly, after this reshuffling, science still looks like a noble-and progressive-enterprise ... The glory of Laudan's system is that it preserves scientific rationality and progress in the presence of social influence. We can admit extra-scientific influences without lapsing into complete relativism. . . a must for both observers and practitioners of science." --Physics Today "A critique and substantial revision of the historic theories of scientific rationality and progress (Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend, etc.). Laudan focuses on contextual problem solving effectiveness (carefully defined) as a criterion for progress, and expands the notion of 'paradigm' to a 'research tradition,' thus providing a meta-empirical basis for the commensurability of competing theories. From this perspective, Laudan suggests revised programs for history and philosophy of science, the history of ideas, and the sociology of science. A superb work, closely argued, clearly written, and extensively annotated, this book will become a widely required text in intermediate courses."--Choice

Galileo and the Art of Reasoning

Author : M.A. Finocchiaro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400990170
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Galileo and the Art of Reasoning by : M.A. Finocchiaro

Download or read book Galileo and the Art of Reasoning written by M.A. Finocchiaro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of Galileo has long been important not only as a foundation of modern physics but also as a model - and perhaps the paradigmatic model - of scientific method, and therefore as a leading example of scientific rationality. However, as we know, the matter is not so simple. The range of Galileo readings is so varied that one may be led to the conclusion that it is a case of chacun a son Galileo; that here, as with the Bible, or Plato or Kant or Freud or Finnegan's Wake, the texts themselves underdetermine just what moral is to be pointed. But if there is no canonical reading, how can the texts be taken as evidence or example of a canonical view of scientific rationality, as in Galileo? Or is it the case, instead, that we decide a priori what the norms of rationality are and then pick through texts to fmd those which satisfy these norms? Specifically, how and on what grounds are we to accept or reject scientific theories, or scientific reasoning? If we are to do this on the basis of historical analysis of how, in fact, theories came to be accepted or rejected, how shall we distinguish 'is' from 'ought'? What follows (if anything does) from such analysis or reconstruction about how theories ought to be accepted or rejected? Maurice Finocchiaro's study of Galileo brings an important and original approach to the question of scientific rationality by way of a systematic read

Progress and Its Problems

Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520037219
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Its Problems by : Larry Laudan

Download or read book Progress and Its Problems written by Larry Laudan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1978-10-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A book that shakes philosophy of science to its roots. Laudan both destroys and creates. With detailed, scathing criticisms, he attacks the 'pregnant confusions' in extant philosophies of science. The progress they espouse derives from strictly empirical criteria, he complains, and this clashes with historical evidence. Accordingly, Laudan constructs a remedy from historical examples that involves nothing less than the redefinition of scientific rationality and progress . . . Surprisingly, after this reshuffling, science still looks like a noble-and progressive-enterprise ... The glory of Laudan's system is that it preserves scientific rationality and progress in the presence of social influence. We can admit extra-scientific influences without lapsing into complete relativism. . . a must for both observers and practitioners of science." --Physics Today "A critique and substantial revision of the historic theories of scientific rationality and progress (Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend, etc.). Laudan focuses on contextual problem solving effectiveness (carefully defined) as a criterion for progress, and expands the notion of 'paradigm' to a 'research tradition,' thus providing a meta-empirical basis for the commensurability of competing theories. From this perspective, Laudan suggests revised programs for history and philosophy of science, the history of ideas, and the sociology of science. A superb work, closely argued, clearly written, and extensively annotated, this book will become a widely required text in intermediate courses."--Choice

Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science

Author : Stefano Gattei
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134182953
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science by : Stefano Gattei

Download or read book Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science written by Stefano Gattei and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rectifying misrepresentations of Popperian thought with a historical approach to Popper’s philosophy, Gattei reconstructs the logic of Popper’s development to show how one problem and its tentative solution led to a new problem.

A Sceptical Theory of Scientific Inquiry: Problems and Their Progress

Author : Laurence Barry Briskman
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900442962X
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis A Sceptical Theory of Scientific Inquiry: Problems and Their Progress by : Laurence Barry Briskman

Download or read book A Sceptical Theory of Scientific Inquiry: Problems and Their Progress written by Laurence Barry Briskman and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Sceptical Theory of Scientific Inquiry: Problems and Their Progress presents a distinctive re-interpretation of Popper’s ‘critical rationalism’, displaying the kind of spirit found at the L.S.E. before Popper’s retirement. It offers an alternative to interpretations of critical rationalism which have emphasised the significance of research programmes or metaphysics (Lakatos; Nicholas Maxwell), and is closer to the approach of Jagdish Hattiangadi. Briskman gives priority to methodological argument rather than logical formalisms, and takes further his own work on creativity. In addition to offering an important contribution to the understanding of critical rationalism, the book contains interesting engagements with Michael Polanyi and the Meno Paradox. This volume also contains an introduction by the editor, which situates Briskman’s work in the history of the interpretation of ‘critical rationalism’.

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

Author : Thomas S. Kuhn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by : Thomas S. Kuhn

Download or read book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions written by Thomas S. Kuhn and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Appraising Lakatos

Author : György Kampis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402002267
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Appraising Lakatos by : György Kampis

Download or read book Appraising Lakatos written by György Kampis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-03-31 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a critical re-evaluation of the ideas of Imre Lakatos, a leader in the shaping of what is called the new philosophy of science. The 17 contributions (the result of a joint venture between the Institute Vienna Circle and the Institute for History and Philosophy of Science of Eotvos U, Budapest) address his main theme of locating rationality within the scientific process, as well as his philosophy of mathematics, which emphasizes heuristics and mathematical practice over logical justification. They also include discussion of his personal life and politics, and contain a part of his Debrecen Ph.D. thesis as well as a bibliography of his Hungarian writings. Edited by Kampis (Eotvos U.), Ladislav Kvasz (Comenius U.) and Michael Stoltzner (Institute Vienna Circle). Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Progress and Rationality in Science

Author : G. Radnitzky
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789027709226
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress and Rationality in Science by : G. Radnitzky

Download or read book Progress and Rationality in Science written by G. Radnitzky and published by Springer. This book was released on 1978-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays has evolved through the co-operative efforts, which began in the fall of 1974, of the participants in a workshop sponsored by the Fritz Thyssen Foundation. The idea of holding one or more small colloquia devoted to the topics of rational choice in science and scientific progress originated in a conversation in the summer of 1973 between one of the editors (GR) and the late Imre Lakatos. Unfortunately Lakatos himself was never able to see this project through, but his thought-provoking methodology of scientific research programmes was ably expounded and defended by his successors. Indeed, this volume continues and deepens the debate inaugurated in Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (edited by Imre Lakatos and Alan Musgrave), a book which grew out of a conference held in 1965. That debate has continued during the years that have passed since that conference. The group of discussions about the place of rationality in science which have been held between those who emphasize the history of science (with Feyerabend and Kuhn as the most prominent exponents) and the critical rationalists (Popper and his followers), with Imre Lakatos defending a middle ground, these discussions were seen by almost all commentators as the most important event in the philosophy of science in the last decade. This problem area constituted the central theme of our Thyssen workshop. The workshop operated in the following manner.

Truth, Rationality, and the Growth of Scientific Knowledge

Author : Karl Raimund Popper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth, Rationality, and the Growth of Scientific Knowledge by : Karl Raimund Popper

Download or read book Truth, Rationality, and the Growth of Scientific Knowledge written by Karl Raimund Popper and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Enlightenment Now

Author : Steven Pinker
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0525427570
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis Enlightenment Now by : Steven Pinker

Download or read book Enlightenment Now written by Steven Pinker and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER A NEW YORK TIMES NOTABLE BOOK OF 2018 ONE OF THE ECONOMIST'S BOOKS OF THE YEAR "My new favorite book of all time." --Bill Gates If you think the world is coming to an end, think again: people are living longer, healthier, freer, and happier lives, and while our problems are formidable, the solutions lie in the Enlightenment ideal of using reason and science. By the author of the new book, Rationality. Is the world really falling apart? Is the ideal of progress obsolete? In this elegant assessment of the human condition in the third millennium, cognitive scientist and public intellectual Steven Pinker urges us to step back from the gory headlines and prophecies of doom, which play to our psychological biases. Instead, follow the data: In seventy-five jaw-dropping graphs, Pinker shows that life, health, prosperity, safety, peace, knowledge, and happiness are on the rise, not just in the West, but worldwide. This progress is not the result of some cosmic force. It is a gift of the Enlightenment: the conviction that reason and science can enhance human flourishing. Far from being a naïve hope, the Enlightenment, we now know, has worked. But more than ever, it needs a vigorous defense. The Enlightenment project swims against currents of human nature--tribalism, authoritarianism, demonization, magical thinking--which demagogues are all too willing to exploit. Many commentators, committed to political, religious, or romantic ideologies, fight a rearguard action against it. The result is a corrosive fatalism and a willingness to wreck the precious institutions of liberal democracy and global cooperation. With intellectual depth and literary flair, Enlightenment Now makes the case for reason, science, and humanism: the ideals we need to confront our problems and continue our progress.

The Myth of the Framework

Author : Karl Popper
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113597473X
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis The Myth of the Framework by : Karl Popper

Download or read book The Myth of the Framework written by Karl Popper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a career spanning sixty years, Sir Karl Popper has made some of the most important contributions to the twentieth century discussion of science and rationality. The Myth of the Framework is a new collection of some of Popper's most important material on this subject. Sir Karl discusses such issues as the aims of science, the role that it plays in our civilization, the moral responsibility of the scientist, the structure of history, and the perennial choice between reason and revolution. In doing so, he attacks intellectual fashions (like positivism) that exagerrate what science and rationality have done, as well as intellectual fashions (like relativism) that denigrate what science and rationality can do. Scientific knowledge, according to Popper, is one of the most rational and creative of human achievements, but it is also inherently fallible and subject to revision. In place of intellectual fashions, Popper offers his own critical rationalism - a view that he regards both as a theory of knowlege and as an attitude towards human life, human morals and democracy. Published in cooperation with the Central European University.

Scientific Explanation and Understanding

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Explanation and Understanding by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Scientific Explanation and Understanding written by Nicholas Rescher and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Myth of the Framework

Author : Karl Popper
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135974802
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis The Myth of the Framework by : Karl Popper

Download or read book The Myth of the Framework written by Karl Popper and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a career spanning sixty years, Sir Karl Popper has made some of the most important contributions to the twentieth century discussion of science and rationality. The Myth of the Framework is a new collection of some of Popper's most important material on this subject. Sir Karl discusses such issues as the aims of science, the role that it plays in our civilization, the moral responsibility of the scientist, the structure of history, and the perennial choice between reason and revolution. In doing so, he attacks intellectual fashions (like positivism) that exagerrate what science and rationality have done, as well as intellectual fashions (like relativism) that denigrate what science and rationality can do. Scientific knowledge, according to Popper, is one of the most rational and creative of human achievements, but it is also inherently fallible and subject to revision. In place of intellectual fashions, Popper offers his own critical rationalism - a view that he regards both as a theory of knowlege and as an attitude towards human life, human morals and democracy. Published in cooperation with the Central European University.

Rationality in Science and Politics

Author : G. Andersson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400962541
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality in Science and Politics by : G. Andersson

Download or read book Rationality in Science and Politics written by G. Andersson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This remarkable collection of essays, diverse but united by the theme of critical reasoning, testifies to the attention and respect paid by the authors to the philosophical career of Gerard Radnitzky. We, too, greet Professor Radnitzky for his decades of intellectual labor devoted to the establishment of rational analysis of human problems. Not least of his concerns has been to understand what it is to be rational, to disentangle the apparently rational and the genuine, to separate dogma from justified belief, to cherish imagination while seeking its test. If Radnitzky has long been known for his careful elaboration of the spectrum of modem approaches to epistemology, those who have gathered to celebrate his work in this volume will also be widely known for their own writings on this matter of critical methodology. Their signposts (or are they warning lights?) will be familiar to thoughtful philosophers and scientists, and they appear as queries as we read these papers: the rational heuristic and the irrational heuristic? accepting the fallible? differing societies but one rational cognitive practice? accepting evidence which is placebogenic? choosing among the incommensurables? what remains of the logic of demarcation? purpose in nature? progress of science? rationality in politics? a humane reasonableness and a critical rationalism? Gunnar Andersson sets the focus well for the reader. We need not choose between dogmatism and relativism, he argues. And then he tells the political lesson: we might avoid both anarchy and despotism.

Karl Popper, Science and Enlightenment

Author : Nicholas Maxwell
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 178735041X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Karl Popper, Science and Enlightenment by : Nicholas Maxwell

Download or read book Karl Popper, Science and Enlightenment written by Nicholas Maxwell and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is an idea that just might save the world. It is that science, properly understood, provides us with the methodological key to the salvation of humanity. A version of this idea can be found in the works of Karl Popper. Famously, Popper argued that science cannot verify theories but can only refute them, and this is how science makes progress. Scientists are forced to think up something better, and it is this, according to Popper, that drives science forward.But Nicholas Maxwell finds a flaw in this line of argument. Physicists only ever accept theories that are unified – theories that depict the same laws applying to the range of phenomena to which the theory applies – even though many other empirically more successful disunified theories are always available. This means that science makes a questionable assumption about the universe, namely that all disunified theories are false. Without some such presupposition as this, the whole empirical method of science breaks down.By proposing a new conception of scientific methodology, which can be applied to all worthwhile human endeavours with problematic aims, Maxwell argues for a revolution in academic inquiry to help humanity make progress towards a better, more civilized and enlightened world.