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Principles Of Exposure Measurement In Epidemiology
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Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : Emily White
Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by Emily White and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this internationally acclaimed title is the ideal handbook for those involved in conducting epidemiological research. The objective of most epidemiological studies is to relate exposure to putative causal agents to the occurrence of a particular disease. The achievement of this objective depends critically on accurate measurement of exposure. This book reviews principles and techniques that can be applied to measuring a wide range of exposures, including demographic, behavioral, medical, genetic, and environmental factors. The book covers questionnaire design, conducting personal interviews, abstracting information from medical records, use of proxy respondents, and measurements from human specimens and in the environment. It gives a comprehensive account of measurement error and the estimation of its effects, and the design, analysis, and interpretation of validity and reliability studies. Emphasis is given to the ways in which the validity of measurements can be increased. Techniques to maximize participation of subjects in epidemiological studies are discussed, and ethical issues relevant to exposure measurement are outlined.
Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : Bruce K. Armstrong
Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by Bruce K. Armstrong and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally written for those wishing to design or conduct epidemiological studies and as a graduate course text, and published to wide international acclaim, this book now appears in paperback. Its excellent coverage of all relevant issues will thus be accessible to all students of epidemiology. Much epidemological research is undertaken to relate exposure to external agents to the occurrence of particular diseases, which depends critically on the accurate measurement of exposure. This book is the first to cover the design of questionnaires, conducting personal interviews, abstracting medical records, the use of biological and environmental measurements, and important background areas for exposure measurement, such as error in measurement and its effects, maximising participation of subjects in research, and ethical issues.
Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : Emily White
Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by Emily White and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate measurement of exposure to putative causes of disease is essential to the validity of epidemiologic research. This is a new edition of a unique book outlining the principles and techniques of exposure measurement
Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : B. K. Armstrong
Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by B. K. Armstrong and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the research in epidemiology attempts to relate exposure to external agents to the occurrence of particular diseases. However, this research depends critically on accurate measurement of exposure. Armstrong's work assimilates, in a single source, the principles and techniques of exposure measurement as they relate specifically to causes of non-infectious diseases. It draws on experience and results from many different disciplines (including psychology, survey research, sociology, environmental hygiene, epidemiology, and biostatistics) and synthesizes them for direct practical application in epidemiological and related research. In addition, the volume covers questionnaire design, conducting personal interviews, abstracting information from medical records, use of proxy respondents, and use of biological and environmental measurements. It gives a comprehensive account of measurement effects, and the design, analysis, and interpretation of validity and reliability studies. Emphasis is given to the methods by which the validity of measurements can be increased. Techniques to maximize participation of subjects in epidemiological studies are discussed, and ethical issues relevant to exposure measurement are outlined. The book will be useful as a handbook for anyone wishing to design or conduct an epidemiological study and can also be used as a graduate text for an exposure measurement in epidemiology course.
Author :Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) Publisher :Government Printing Office ISBN 13 :1587634236 Total Pages :204 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (876 download)
Book Synopsis Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide by : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)
Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)
Book Synopsis Concepts of Epidemiology by : Raj S. Bhopal
Download or read book Concepts of Epidemiology written by Raj S. Bhopal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First edition published in 2002. Second edition published in 2008.
Book Synopsis Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology by : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Download or read book Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology written by Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preceded by Exposure assessment in occupational and environmental epidemiology / edited by Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen. 1st ed. 2003.
Book Synopsis Basic Principles and Practical Applications in Epidemiological Research by : Jung-Der Wang
Download or read book Basic Principles and Practical Applications in Epidemiological Research written by Jung-Der Wang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the concept of ?conjecture and refutation? from the Popperian philosophy of science, i.e. looking for alternative causes, this book simplifies the design and inferences of human observational studies into two types: descriptive and causal. It clarifies how and why causal inference should be considered from the search for alternative explanations or causes, and descriptive inference from the sample at hand to the source population. Furthermore, it links the health policy and epidemiological concept with decisional questions, for which the basic measurement can be quality-adjusted survival time or quality-adjusted life year.
Book Synopsis Principles of Epidemiology by : Lewis H. Roht
Download or read book Principles of Epidemiology written by Lewis H. Roht and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Epidemiology: A Self-Teaching Guide consists of a series of problem-solving exercises designed to introduce and guide readers toward an understanding of the principles and methods of epidemiology, rather than the epidemiology of specific diseases or subject areas such as ""infectious disease"" or ""chronic disease"" epidemiology. The guide has been formulated to be used by itself or as a supplement to standard textbooks. It illustrates and illuminates the principles and concepts of epidemiology and provides the reader an opportunity to practice the application of these principles in a logical sequence. The guide is divided into 14 exercises. Each exercise will help readers to understand principles or methods used by epidemiologist. Topics covered include the patterns of disease, populations at risk and risk assessment, screening for disease, investigation of an epidemic, etiology of disease, principles of causation, study design in epidemiologic investigation, data interpretation, and the uses and applications of epidemiology.
Book Synopsis Environmental Epidemiology: Principles and Methods by : Ray M. Merrill
Download or read book Environmental Epidemiology: Principles and Methods written by Ray M. Merrill and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2009-10-07 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the author of the bestselling Introduction to Epidemiology, this new book presents basic concepts and research methods used in environmental epidemiology and the application of environmental epidemiology to influencing human health and well-being. The first eight chapters cover basic concepts and research methods used in environmental epidemiology. The following chapters focus on the application of environmental epidemiology to specific environmental factors associated with health. Developed for an introductory course in environmental epidemiology, Environmental Epidemiology is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students in public health, as well as field public health workers. Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition.
Book Synopsis Epidemiologic Research by : David G. Kleinbaum
Download or read book Epidemiologic Research written by David G. Kleinbaum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epidemiologic Research Principles and Quantitative Methods DavidG. Kleinbaum, Ph.D. Lawrence L. Kupper. Ph.D. Hal Morgenstern,Ph.D. Epidemiologic Research covers the principles and methodsof planning, analysis and interpretation of epidemiologic researchstudies. It supplies the applied researcher with the mostup-to-date methodological thought and practice. Specifically, thebook focuses on quantitative (including statistical) issues arisingfrom epidemiologic investigations, as well as on the questions ofstudy design, measurement and validity. EpidemiologicResearch emphasizes practical techniques, procedures andstrategies. It presents them through a unified approach whichfollows the chronology of issues that arise during theinvestigation of an epidemic. The book's viewpoint ismultidisciplinary and equally useful to the epidemiologicresearcher and to the biostatistician. Theory is supplemented bynumerous examples, exercises and applications. Full solutions aregiven to all exercises in a separate solutions manual. Importantfeatures * Thorough discussion of the methodology of epidemiologicresearch * Stress on validity and hence on reliability * Balanced approach, presenting the most important prevailingviewpoints * Three chapters with applications of mathematical modeling
Book Synopsis Exposure Assessment in Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology by : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Download or read book Exposure Assessment in Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology written by Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003-08-07 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Set against a background of growing public, media and political concern about occupational and environmental health issues, and a scientific need to better understand and explain the effects of pollutants on human health, this book is a unique resource. Contributions from an expert panel of international practitioners provide a comprehensive reference on the state of the art methods and applications in the field of occupational and environmental pollution and the adverse health effects, particularly the exposure assessment in epidemiological studies. Risks associated with occupational and environmental exposure are generally small, but the exposed population, and hence the population attributable risk, may be large. To detect small risk, the exposure assessment needs to be very refined. Exposure assessment is the study of the distribution and determinants of potentially hazardous agents, and includes the estimation of intensity, duration and frequency of exposure, the variation in these indices and their determinants. The aim of this book is to develop an understanding and knowledge of exposure assessment methods and their application to substantive issues in occupational and environmental epidemiology. The emphasis is on methodological principles and good practice. It is focused on exposure assessment in both occupational and environmental epidemiology since there are many similarities but also some interesting differences. The book outlines the basic principles of exposure assessment, and examines the current status and research questions in the exposure assessment of occupational and environmental epidemiological studies of allergens, particulate matter, chlorination disinfection by-products, agricultural pesticides and radiofrequencies. The book will be of interest to all concerned with exposure assessment and epidemiology. It will be a valuable source for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in exposure assessment, occupational hygiene, environmental science, epidemiology, toxicology, biostatistics, occupational and environmental health, health risk assessment and related disciplines and a useful resource of reference for policy makers and regulators.
Book Synopsis Principles of Epidemiology Workbook: Exercises and Activities by : Ray M. Merrill
Download or read book Principles of Epidemiology Workbook: Exercises and Activities written by Ray M. Merrill and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workbook was written for students of epidemiology and serves as a supplement to any one of several introductory text books in epidemiology. Each chapter is divided into an introduction, a series of questions and detailed responses, and a series of Homework questions. At the end of each chapter is a table with a list of selected epidemiology text books with accompanying chapters in those books that the workbook chapter may supplement. The general learning outcomes (LOs) for this workbook are: 1. Become familiar with basic concepts and definitions commonly used in epidemiology 2. Define a public health problem 3. Identify appropriate uses and limitations of data and research design strategies for solving public health problems 4. Make relevant inferences from quantitative and qualitative data 5. Distinguish between statistical association and cause-effect relationships 6. Measure and describe patterns of disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality 7. Identify environmental factors and behaviors associated with health-related states or events 8. Be familiar with the steps for investigating disease outbreaks 9. Identify, calculate, and interpret common indices used in identifying the health status 10. Evaluate program effectiveness 11. Critically assess epidemiological research 12. Be able to communicate health findings Each chapter features: • 10-20 mastery check questions with detailed answers • 5 optional problems • A case study • A multiple choice, short answer quiz. (Answers to the cases and quizzes are provided as part of the online instructor resource package.)
Book Synopsis Neuromuscular Disease by : Michael Benatar
Download or read book Neuromuscular Disease written by Michael Benatar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Certain Kind of Wisdom In Plato’s Apology, the Greek philosopher Socrates is on trial to defend himself against the allegation of corrupting the youth of Athens. Socrates denies this charge and offers an alternate reason for why he is on trial. He explains, “[w]hat has caused my reputation is none other than a certain kind of wisdom. What kind of wisdom? Human wisdom, perhaps(1). ” He proceeds to tell the story of his friend Chaerophon, who once asked the Oracle at Delphi whether there was anyone wiser than Socrates. The Oracle answered that there was not. Socrates did not agree and thought that he would try to prove the Oracle wrong. And so he set about seeking out Athenians with a reputation for wisdom in various regards in order to test their claims to knowledge through questioning. He discovered many with false claims to knowledge and none with genuine wisdom and ultimately concluded that he was the wisest. He reached this conclusion not because of any special knowledge he possessed that others did not, but rather because he recognized his own lack of knowledge and strived to learn more, while others thought that they were kno- edgeable but were not. Socrates’ conclusion that there is wisdom in recognizing the limitations of accepted knowledge represents the motivation for this book.
Book Synopsis Epidemiology Matters by : Katherine M. Keyes
Download or read book Epidemiology Matters written by Katherine M. Keyes and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epidemiology Matters offers a new approach to understanding and identifying the causes of disease -- and with it, how to prevent disease and improve human health. Utilizing visual explanations and examples, this text provides an accessible, step-by-step introduction to the fundamentals of epidemiologic study, from design to analysis. Across fourteen chapters, Epidemiology Matters teaches the individual competencies that underlie the conduct of an epidemiologic study: identifying populations; measuring exposures and health indicators; taking a sample; estimating associations between exposures and health indicators; assessing evidence for causes working together; assessing internal and external validity of results. With its consequentialist approach -- designing epidemiologic studies that aim to inform our understanding, and therefore improve public health -- Epidemiology Matters is an introductory text for the next generation of students in medicine and public health.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities by : National Research Council
Download or read book Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
