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Prescription Drug Estimates For Medicare Beneficiaries 2005 And 2006
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Book Synopsis Prescription Drug Estimates for Medicare Beneficiaries, 2005 and 2006 by : Marie N. Stagnitti
Download or read book Prescription Drug Estimates for Medicare Beneficiaries, 2005 and 2006 written by Marie N. Stagnitti and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Statistical Brief provides information on outpatient prescription drug estimates for Medicare beneficiaries in the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population prior to and after the implementation of Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage or Medicare Part D. Medicare is a health insurance program for people age 65 or older, people under age 65 with certain disabilities, and people of all ages with End-Stage Renal Disease (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant). Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage or Medicare Part D is a program that started January 1, 2006, which offered and made available Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage to everyone with Medicare. Medicare beneficiaries were able to enroll in the drug plan of their choice. For the years 2005 and 2006, this Brief presents the number of persons who reported having Medicare as well as total outpatient prescribed drug expenditures for the total population and the Medicare population. The Brief also compares the proportion of the Medicare population that reported at least one drug purchase and the proportion that had at least one Medicare payment for a prescribed drug. Moreover, the Brief compares the proportion of 2005 and 2006 total prescribed drug expenditures by source of payment for the Medicare population, and presents the average Medicare expenditure for prescribed drugs for the Medicare population for 2005 and 2006. All expenditure estimates are in nominal dollars. The estimates in this Brief are derived from the Household Component of the 2005 and 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS-HC). Only prescribed medicines purchases in an outpatient setting are included in the estimates. Insulin and diabetic supplies and equipment are included in MEPS prescribed medicines estimates. Over-the-counter medicines are excluded from these estimates as are prescription medicines administered in an inpatient setting or in a clinic or physician's office. All differences discussed in the text are statistically significant at the 0.05 percent level.
Book Synopsis Average Outpatient Out-of-pocket Prescription Drug Costs for the Top Five Most Expensive Prescription Drugs for Adults Age 65 and Over by : Frances M. Chevarley
Download or read book Average Outpatient Out-of-pocket Prescription Drug Costs for the Top Five Most Expensive Prescription Drugs for Adults Age 65 and Over written by Frances M. Chevarley and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all adults age 65 and over are covered by Medicare. By 2005, working age persons generally had prescription coverage available through private insurance, but for the most part persons age 65 and over did not have prescription drug coverage available through traditional Medicare. However, persons age 65 and over may have had prescription drug coverage available through optional private health insurance from present or past employers, individually purchased private supplemental plans, optional Medicare Advantage plans, or Medicaid for those eligible for both Medicaid and Medicare. With the phasing in of Medicare Part D (an optional prescription drug coverage plan for Medicare beneficiaries for an additional premium charge) in 2006, average out-of-pocket costs per prescription drug purchase for persons age 65 and over were expected to drop. This Statistical Brief analyzes average out-of-pocket costs (excluding premiums) for adults age 65 and over in 2005 and 2006 for the top five prescription drugs purchased in 2005 ranked by total expenditures. Similar data for these same top prescription drugs for adults age 65 and over are provided for those ages 45-64 with any private insurance for comparative purposes. The estimates are derived from the Household Component of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPSHC). Estimates for 2005 were adjusted to 2006 dollars based on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Price Index, National Income and Product Accounts, Bureau of Economic Analysis (http://www.bea.gov/national/nipaweb/index.asp). Unless otherwise indicated, all differences discussed in the text are statistically significant at the .05 level or better.
Book Synopsis Competition and the Cost of Medicare's Prescription Drug Program by : Anna Cook
Download or read book Competition and the Cost of Medicare's Prescription Drug Program written by Anna Cook and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the Medicare Modernization Act, or MMA) substantially expanded the federal Medicare program by creating the prescription drug benefit known as Part D. In FY 2013, Medicare Part D covered 39 million people. The federal government spent $59 billion net of premiums on Part D in that year; after accounting for certain payments from states under the program, the net federal cost was $50 billion, which represented 10% of net federal spending for Medicare. A combination of broader trends in the prescription drug market and lower-than-expected enrollment in Part D has contributed to much lower spending for the program than projected when the MMA became law in 2003. This report examines the federal budgetary cost and competitive design of Medicare Part D and compares Medicare Part D and Medicaid Fee for Service. Figures and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309468086 Total Pages :235 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Making Medicines Affordable by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Making Medicines Affordable written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.
Book Synopsis The Cost and Health Effects of Prescription Drug Coverage and Utilization in the Medicare Population by : Baoping Shang
Download or read book The Cost and Health Effects of Prescription Drug Coverage and Utilization in the Medicare Population written by Baoping Shang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 provides prescription drug coverage for virtually all seniors. The cost estimates for the Medicare prescription drug coverage are based on the expected per beneficiary utilization but do not take into account the potential offset by savings on other medical services. To estimate these savings, the author examines the effects of Medigap prescription drug benefit on elderly prescription drug spending, Medicare Part A spending, and Medicare Part B spending. It compares spending and service use for beneficiaries who have Medigap insurance, which may or may not cover prescription drugs, and uses variation in state regulations of the individual insurance market-including guaranteed issues and community rating-as instruments for prescription drug coverage. The author estimates that Medigap prescription drug coverage significantly increases drug spending by 22% and reduces Medicare Part A spending by 10613%. Medicare Part B spending is reduced by an insignificant amount. The results imply that a $1 increase in prescription drug spending is associated with $1.636$2.05 reduction in Medicare spending. The dissertation also considers the lifetime effects of anti-hypertensives on health outcomes and healthcare expenditures. The results suggest that controlling hypertension in the elderly could be very cost-effective.
Book Synopsis Discrepancies in Total and Out-of-pocket Prescription Costs Between Working-age and Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries by : Joshua James Engle
Download or read book Discrepancies in Total and Out-of-pocket Prescription Costs Between Working-age and Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries written by Joshua James Engle and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Medicare Prescription Drug Card by :
Download or read book Medicare Prescription Drug Card written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (P.L. 108-173) established a prescription drug benefit that begins in 2006. Until then, Medicare beneficiaries may select one of the Medicare-endorsed prescription drug discount cards that became available in June 2004. Certain low-income beneficiaries may be eligible for up to $600 in "transitional assistance" in 2004 and again in 2005. This report provides estimates of the number of noninstitutionalized Medicare beneficiaries who meet the eligibility criteria for the transitional assistance. Nationally, 6.7 million noninstitutionalized beneficiaries are estimated to be eligible for the transitional assistance. Numbers from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services have actual enrollment for transitional assistance at 1,253,132, as of October 1, 2004. This report will be updated to reflect new legislation or data.
Book Synopsis Estimates of Medicare Beneficiaries' Out-of-pocket Drug Spending in 2006 by : Jim Mays
Download or read book Estimates of Medicare Beneficiaries' Out-of-pocket Drug Spending in 2006 written by Jim Mays and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rare Diseases and Orphan Products by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Rare Diseases and Orphan Products written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-03 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare diseases collectively affect millions of Americans of all ages, but developing drugs and medical devices to prevent, diagnose, and treat these conditions is challenging. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends implementing an integrated national strategy to promote rare diseases research and product development.
Book Synopsis Impact of Medicare Part D on Prescription Use, Health Care Expenditures, and Health Services Utilization by : Lung-I Cheng
Download or read book Impact of Medicare Part D on Prescription Use, Health Care Expenditures, and Health Services Utilization written by Lung-I Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Medicare Part D on prescription utilization, health services utilization, and health care expenditures in the general Medicare population -- as well as Medicare sub-populations, including non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs), Hispanics, near poor individuals, and persons with higher disease burden. A retrospective analysis of Medicare beneficiaries (N=32,228) was conducted using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2002 to 2009 data. Multivariable quantile regression was used to estimate the following outcomes, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics: 1) number of prescription fills; 2) out-of-pocket (OOP) drug expenditures; 3) total drug expenditures; 4) OOP health care expenditures; 5) total health care expenditures; 6) number of hospitalizations; and 7) number of emergency department (ED) visits between the pre-Part D (2002-2005) and post-Part D (2006-2009) periods. All expenditures were inflation-adjusted to 2009 dollars. The average age of the study sample was 71.0 (SD=14.5). In the general Medicare population, Part D was associated with decreases in OOP drug expenditures ( -25.7% to -33.6%; p
Download or read book Data Compendium written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmaceutical R&D written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes the costs, risks, and economic rewards of pharmaceutical R&D and the impact of public policy on both costs and returns. Examines the rapid increase in pharmaceutical R&D that began in the 1980s in the light of trends in science, technology, drug discovery, and health insurance coverage; Government regulation; product liability; market competition; Federal tax policy; and Federal support of prescription drug research. 12 appendices, including a glossary of terms.
Book Synopsis WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by :
Download or read book WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Book Synopsis Medicare Prescription Drug Card by : Chris L. Peterson
Download or read book Medicare Prescription Drug Card written by Chris L. Peterson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prescription Drug Costs for Medicare Beneficiaries by : Bruce Stuart
Download or read book Prescription Drug Costs for Medicare Beneficiaries written by Bruce Stuart and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Greater Access to Generic Drugs by : Michelle Meadows
Download or read book Greater Access to Generic Drugs written by Michelle Meadows and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Overview of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 by :
Download or read book Overview of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On December 8, 2003, the President signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, P.L. 108-173. On November 22, 2003, the House of Representatives voted 220 to 215 to approve H.R. 1, the Medicare prescription drug and modernization conference agreement. The Senate voted 54 to 44 to approve the conference agreement on November 25. The Act creates a prescription drug benefit for Medicare beneficiaries and establishes a new Medicare Advantage program to replace the current Medicare+Choice program. The prescription drug benefit, which begins in 2006, is voluntary and beneficiaries would pay a monthly premium after enrolling. Until that time, beneficiaries have access to a drug discount card to obtain discounts on their drug purchases. Medicare Advantage establishes payments based on a system of bids and benchmarks. One area of major difference during the conference was the so-called "premium support" provisions of H.R. 1 whereby the original Medicare fee-forservice program would be required to compete against the new Medicare Advantage program. The Act creates a six-year Comparative Cost Adjustment program in which the concept of premium support would be applied in a limited number of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). The Act also provides a stabilization fund to create incentives for plans to enter into and remain in the Medicare Advantage program. The Act includes a measure that would require congressional consideration of legislation if general revenue funding for the entire Medicare program exceeds 45%. In addition, beginning in 2007, the Medicare Part B premium will be increased for high-income beneficiaries; it will be phased-in over five years. The Part B deductible increases to $110 in 2005 and will be indexed beginning in 2006. The Act contains numerous provisions that generally increase fee-for-service Medicare payments, especially for rural health care providers, and modify numerous regulatory and administrative practices. The Act also makes changes to the Medicaid program and authorizes new tax-advantaged accounts for medical expenses called health savings accounts. Under Congress's FY2004 budget resolution, $400 billion was reserved for Medicare modernization, creation of a prescription drug benefit, and, in the Senate, to promote geographic equity payment. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated that the conference agreement for H.R. 1 would increase direct (or mandatory) spending by $394.3 billion from FY2004 through FY2013. Prescription drug spending is estimated at $409.8 billion over the 10-year period and Medicare Advantage spending at $14.2 billion. The fee-for-service provisions are estimated to save $21.5 billion over the 10-year period and the cost containment measures are estimated to save $13.3 billion over the period.
