Portugal

Download Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Carcanet Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Portugal by : José H. Saraiva

Download or read book Portugal written by José H. Saraiva and published by Carcanet Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated brief history of Portugal written for non-specialist foreign readers. Also included in the book is a historical gazetteer, short biographies, chronological tables and maps.

A Concise History of Portugal

Download A Concise History of Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521536868
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (368 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Concise History of Portugal by : David Birmingham

Download or read book A Concise History of Portugal written by David Birmingham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-13 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise, illustrated history of Portugal offers an introduction to the people and culture of the country, its empire, and to its search for economic modernisation, political stability and international partnership. The book studies the effects of the vast wealth mined from Portuguese Brazil, the growth of the wine trade, and the evolution of international ties. The Portuguese Revolution of 1820 to 1851 created a liberal monarchy, but in 1910 the king was overthrown and, by 1926, had been replaced by a dictatorship. In 1975 Portugal withdrew from its African colonies and turned north to become a democratic member of the European Community in 1986. Researched during the years which followed the fall of Portugal's dictators in 1974, this book has become the standard single-volume work. The second edition brings the story up to date and discusses the state of historical writing on Portugal at the turn of the millennium.

Portugal in European and World History

Download Portugal in European and World History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 1861897014
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (618 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Portugal in European and World History by : Malyn Newitt

Download or read book Portugal in European and World History written by Malyn Newitt and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite its modest size, Portugal has played a major part in the development of Europe and the modern world. In Portugal in European and World History Malyn Newitt offers a fresh appraisal of Portuguese history and its role in the world—from early Moorish times to the English Alliance of 1650–1900 and through the country’s liberal revolution in 1974. Newitt specifically examines episodes where Portugal was a key player or innovator in history. Chapters focus on such topics as Moorish Portugal, describing the cultural impact of contact with the Moors—one of the oldest points of contact between Western Europe and Islam; the opening up of trade with western Africa; and the explorations of Vasco de Gama and the evolution of Portugal as the first commercial empire of modern times. Newitt also examines Portugal’s role in the Counter-reformation, in Spain’s wars in Europe, and in the Anglo-Portuguese alliance. Finally, Newitt analyzes the fall of fascism and the Portuguese decolonization within the context of larger global empires and movements. This new account of a country with a rich historyshows how Portugal has moved from being the last colonial power to one of the most enthusiastic proponents of the modern European ideal.

The Portuguese

Download The Portuguese PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Andrews UK Limited
ISBN 13 : 1908493399
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Portuguese by : Barry Hatton

Download or read book The Portuguese written by Barry Hatton and published by Andrews UK Limited. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portugal is an established member of the European Union, one of the founders of the euro currency and a founder member of NATO. Yet it is an inconspicuous and largely overlooked country on the continent's south-west rim. In the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Age of Discovery the Portuguese led Europe out of the Mediterranean into the Atlantic and they brought Asia and Europe together. Evidence of their one-time four-continent empire can still be felt, not least in the Portuguese language which is spoken by more than 220 million people from Brazil, across parts of Africa to Asia. Analyzing present-day society and culture, The Portuguese also considers the nation's often tumultuous past. The 1755 Lisbon earthquake was one of Europe’s greatest natural disasters, strongly influencing continental thought and heralding Portugal’s extended decline. The Portuguese also weathered Europe’s longest dictatorship under twentieth-century ruler António Salazar. A 1974 military coup, called the Carnation Revolution, placed the Portuguese at the centre of Cold War attentions. Portugal’s quirky relationship with Spain, and with its oldest ally England, is also scrutinized. Portugal, which claims Europe’s oldest fixed borders, measures just 561 by 218 kilometres . Within that space, however, it offers a patchwork of widely differing and beautiful landscapes. With an easygoing and seductive lifestyle expressed most fully in their love of food, the Portuguese also have an anarchical streak evident in many facets of contemporary life. A veteran journalist and commentator on Portugal, the author paints an intimate portrait of a fascinating and at times contradictory country and its people.

A Traveller's History of Portugal

Download A Traveller's History of Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Interlink Books
ISBN 13 : 9781566564403
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (644 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Traveller's History of Portugal by : Ian Robertson

Download or read book A Traveller's History of Portugal written by Ian Robertson and published by Interlink Books. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive concise history of Portugal, from its earliest beginnings right up to the politics and life of the present day. It was not until the twelfth century that Portugal became a country in its own right, having been a Roman colony and then having suffered both Barbarian and Islamic invasions. The golden age of discoveries, the reign and foresight of Henry the Navigator, and great seamen such as Vasco da Gama led to the founding of Portugal’s empire and wealth. Troubled times followed: in 1755 Lisbon was virtually leveled by the “Great Earthquake,” and the country had hardly recovered its former prosperity when it was overrun by Napoleon’s troops at the start of the Peninsular War, to be followed not long after by the Miguelite civil war. The middle decades of the nineteenth century saw the Port Wine trade flourishing, and further expansion into Africa. During the last quarter of the twentieth century, ever since the bloodless revolution of 1974 overthrew the rightwing dictatorship of Salazar, the country has regained its stability, and now takes its rightful place in the European Community. Illustrated with maps and line drawings, the book has a full Historical Gazetteer cross-referenced to the main text that concentrates on the historic sites in a country that has retained its individuality and thus its appeal to the individual traveler.

A Companion to Portuguese Literature

Download A Companion to Portuguese Literature PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1855662671
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (556 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to Portuguese Literature by : Stephen Parkinson

Download or read book A Companion to Portuguese Literature written by Stephen Parkinson and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential chronological framework for students of Portuguese literature.

The Cambridge Companion to the History of the Book

Download The Cambridge Companion to the History of the Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107023734
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to the History of the Book by : Leslie Howsam

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to the History of the Book written by Leslie Howsam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible and wide-ranging study of the history of the book within local, national and global contexts.

The History of Portugal

Download The History of Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313032602
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The History of Portugal by : James M. Anderson

Download or read book The History of Portugal written by James M. Anderson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2000-02-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This informative, concise, and engagingly written work provides the most up-to-date history of Portugal, current through 1999, and gives a full picture of the political, social, cultural, and economic influences that shaped the history of Portugal. Covering the period from Portugal's early conception as a nation through its long history, with emphasis on the dramatic period of the last several decades, this volume culminates with the demise of the Salazar dictatorship and the independence of its colonies. Complete with a timeline for easy reference to events, brief biographies of important people, lists of monarchs and heads of state, and a bibliographic essay, it is the ideal companion for the student or interested reader. In nine chapters, Anderson discusses the geography of Portugal, its prehistoric antecedents, its formation as a nation, and the events that once made it a world leader in exploration, discovery, and imperial power. How and why the country was drawn into the orbit of its large neighbor, Spain, lost much of its empire, and yet managed to regain its independence are examined, along with the trials and tribulations encountered on its journey from monarchy to modern republic. The discussion presents the factors that kept Portugal one of the poorest nations in Europe for most of its existence and the reasons that it is now, leading into the 21st century, closing the economic gap with wealthier nations.

Rick Steves Portugal

Download Rick Steves Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rick Steves
ISBN 13 : 1631216163
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Rick Steves Portugal by : Rick Steves

Download or read book Rick Steves Portugal written by Rick Steves and published by Rick Steves. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tour Lisbon's cobbled lanes, cruise the Douro River, and soak up the sun on Algarve beaches: with Rick Steves on your side, Portugal can be yours! Inside Rick Steves Portugal you'll find: Comprehensive coverage for spending a week or more exploring Portugal Rick's strategic advice on how to get the most out of your time and money, with rankings of his must-see favorites Top sights and hidden gems, from the the bone chapel of Évora and the palaces of Sintra to seaside street food and lush vineyards How to connect with culture: Chat with locals in charming small towns, enjoy a dinner of fresh seafood stew, or spend an evening at a bluesy fado bar Beat the crowds, skip the lines, and avoid tourist traps with Rick's candid, humorous insight The best places to eat, sleep, and relax with a glass of local port Self-guided walking tours of lively neighborhoods and incredible museums Detailed maps for exploring on the go Useful resources including a packing list, a Portuguese phrase book, a historical overview, and recommended reading Over 400 bible-thin pages include everything worth seeing without weighing you down Complete, up-to-date information on Lisbon, Sintra, Salema, Cape Sagres, Lagos, Tavira, Évora, Nazaré, Batalha, Fátima, Alcobaça, Óbidos, Coimbra, Porto, Peso de Régua, Pinhão, and more Make the most of every day and every dollar with Rick Steves Portugal.

A Companion to Latin American History

Download A Companion to Latin American History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 144439164X
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Companion to Latin American History by : Thomas H. Holloway

Download or read book A Companion to Latin American History written by Thomas H. Holloway and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-21 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Companion to Latin American History collects the work of leading experts in the field to create a single-source overview of the diverse history and current trends in the study of Latin America. Presents a state-of-the-art overview of the history of Latin America Written by the top international experts in the field 28 chapters come together as a superlative single source of information for scholars and students Recognizes the breadth and diversity of Latin American history by providing systematic chronological and geographical coverage Covers both historical trends and new areas of interest

Lonely Planet Portugal

Download Lonely Planet Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lonely Planet
ISBN 13 : 178701018X
Total Pages : 1290 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (87 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lonely Planet Portugal by : Lonely Planet

Download or read book Lonely Planet Portugal written by Lonely Planet and published by Lonely Planet. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 1290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lonely Planet Portugal is your passport to the most relevant, up-to-date advice on what to see and skip, and what hidden discoveries await you. Stand at Europe's southwestern edge on the barren cliffs of Cabo de Sao Vicente, stretch a towel on the golden sands of Algarve and hear soulful fado in Lisbon; all with your trusted travel companion.

The History of the Siege of Lisbon

Download The History of the Siege of Lisbon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : HMH
ISBN 13 : 0547540345
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (475 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The History of the Siege of Lisbon by : José Saramago

Download or read book The History of the Siege of Lisbon written by José Saramago and published by HMH. This book was released on 1998-09-01 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proofreader realizes his power to edit the truth on a whim, in a “brilliantly original” novel by a Nobel Prize winner (Los Angeles Times Book Review). Raimundo Silva is a middle-aged, celibate clerk, proofing manuscripts for a respectable publishing house. Fluent in Portuguese, he has been assigned to work on a standard history of the country, and the twelfth-century king who laid siege to Lisbon. In a moment of subversive daring, Raimundo decides to change just one single word of text—a capricious revision that completely undoes the past. When discovered, his insolent disregard for facts appalls his employers—save for his new editor, Maria Sara. She suggests that Rainmundo take his transgressions even further. Through Rainmundo and Maria’s eyes, what transpires is an alternate view of history and a colorful reinvention of a debatable truth. It’s a serpentine journey through time where past and present converge, fact becomes myth, and fiction and reality blur—especially for Rainmundo and Maria themselves, who begin to find themselves erotically drawn to each other. “Walter Mitty has nothing on Raimundo Silva . . . this hypnotic tale is a great comic romp through history, language and the imagination.” —Publishers Weekly Translated by Giovanni Pontiero

Guardian of the Dawn

Download Guardian of the Dawn PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin Books India
ISBN 13 : 9780143063537
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (635 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Guardian of the Dawn by : Richard Zimler

Download or read book Guardian of the Dawn written by Richard Zimler and published by Penguin Books India. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From The Highly Acclaimed Author Of The Last Kabbalist Of Lisbon And Hunting Midnight Comes A Sweeping Tale Of Devotion, Persecution And Vengeance In Colonial India By The Time The 16Th Century Was Drawing To A Close In The Portuguese Colony Of Goa, The Catholic Inquisition Was Making Excellent Progress In Its Mission To Keep All Sorcerers Whether Native Hindus Or Immigrant Jews From Practising Their Traditional Beliefs. Those Who Refused To Denounce Others And Give Up Their Ways Were Either Strangled By Executioners Or Burnt Alive In Public Autos-Da-Fé. By Living Just Outside Colonial Territory, The Zarco Family Manages To Stick Firm To Its Portuguese Jewish Roots. Tiago And His Sister Sofia Enjoy A Peaceful Childhood Learning To Illustrate Manuscripts With Their Father, And Secretly Dipping Into The Heady Chaos Of The Hindu Festivals Celebrated By Their Beloved Cook Nupi. As The Children Reach Adulthood, The Family Is Torn Apart When First The Father And Then The Son Are Imprisoned By The Inquisition. But Who Could Have Betrayed Them? Impeccably Researched, Guardian Of The Dawn Is Both A Riveting Historical Mystery And, In Its Profound Exploration Of The Nature Of Evil, A Powerful Reinterpretation Of Othello. This Is Richard Zimler At His Imaginative, Energetic, And Insightful Best. Praise For The Last Kabbalist Of Lisbon Zimler [Is] A Present-Day Scholar And Writer Of Remarkable Erudition And Compelling Imagination, An American Umberto Eco. Francis King, Spectator Drenched In Atmosphere And Period Detail. Wall Street Journal A Riveting Literary Murder Mystery, His Novel Is Also A Harrowing Picture Of The Persecution Of 16Th-Century Jews, And In Passing, The Atmospheric Introduction To The Hermetic Jewish Tradition Of The Kabbalah. Independent On Sunday A Fascinating Novel With Spellbinding Subject Matter. Elle Praise For Hunting Midnight Enthralling&Hunting Midnight Is A Shamelessly Sprawling Historical Novel, Spanning Continents, Napoleonic Wars, A Secret Jewish Family, Kalahari Magic, And Slavery In South Carolina. Sydney Morning Herald Zimler Is Always An Exhilaratingly Free Writer, Free Of Ordinary Taboos&Hunting Midnight Shows Zimler At The Height Of His Powers. London Magazine This Is An Epic Melodrama, Spanning Three Continents And More Than Twenty-Five Years, Building Up To A Genuinely Moving Climax. Literary Review This Is A Rousing Roaring Roller Coaster Of A Read. Climb Aboard And Have Zimler Rattle You Off Into The Sort Of Expansive Imaginative Realm That Readers Dream Of And Lesser Writers Steer Clear Of&Bracing, Spine-Tingling Stuff. Australian Reading Hunting Midnight Was Like Discovering A Rare Gem. Richard Zimler Is A Brilliant Author With A Touch Of Genius. Rendezvous Magazine (Usa)

Empire Adrift

Download Empire Adrift PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780747568698
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (686 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Empire Adrift by : Patrick Wilcken

Download or read book Empire Adrift written by Patrick Wilcken and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1807, the Portuguese prince regent Dom João made an extraordinary decision. Although horrified by the idea of sea travel, Napoleon's troops were closing in on Lisbon so he opted to transplant his entire court and government to Portugal's largest colony, Brazil. 10,000 aristocrats, ministers, priests and servants clambered aboard the rickety fleet. After a rough passage they spilled off their ships bedraggled and lice-ridden to the astonishment of their new-world subjects. Thus began a thirteen-year period of imperial rule from a 'tropical Versailles' set against the city's jungle-clad mountains. But this only partially obscured the brutal workings of what was then the largest slaving port in the Americas. While the court grappled with the dark side of its own empire, Brazil was coming of age. Patrick Wilcken brings this remarkable period to the life, blending vivid contemporary testament with a rich evocation of a time in history when European royalty went native.

The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670

Download The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139491296
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670 by : Malyn Newitt

Download or read book The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670 written by Malyn Newitt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Portuguese in West Africa, 1415–1670 brings together a collection of documents - all in new English translation - that illustrate aspects of the encounters between the Portuguese and the peoples of North and West Africa in the period from 1400 to 1650. This period witnessed the diaspora of the Sephardic Jews, the emigration of Portuguese to West Africa and the islands, and the beginnings of the black diaspora associated with the slave trade. The documents show how the Portuguese tried to understand the societies with which they came into contact and to reconcile their experience with the myths and legends inherited from classical and medieval learning. They also show how Africans reacted to the coming of Europeans, adapting Christian ideas to local beliefs and making use of exotic imports and European technologies. The documents also describe the evolution of the black Portuguese communities in Guinea and the islands, as well as the slave trade and the way that it was organized, understood, and justified.

The High Mountains of Portugal

Download The High Mountains of Portugal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Text Publishing
ISBN 13 : 192509572X
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (25 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The High Mountains of Portugal by : Yann Martel

Download or read book The High Mountains of Portugal written by Yann Martel and published by Text Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this highly anticipated new novel, the author of the bestselling Life of Pi returns to the storytelling power and luminous wisdom of his master novel. The High Mountains of Portugal is a suspenseful, mesmerising story of a great quest for meaning, told in three intersecting narratives that touch the lives of three different people and their families, and taking us on an extraordinary journey through the last century. We begin in the early 1900s, when Tomás discovers an ancient journal and sets out from Lisbon in one of the very first motor cars in Portugal in search of the strange treasure the journal describes. Thirty-five years later, a pathologist devoted to the novels of Agatha Christie, whose wife has possibly been murdered, finds himself drawn into Tomás’s quest. Fifty years later, Senator Peter Tovy of Ottawa, grieving the death of his own beloved wife, rescues a chimpanzee from an Oklahoma research facility and takes it to live with him in his ancestral village in northern Portugal, where the strands of all three stories miraculously mesh together. Beautiful, witty and engaging, Yann Martel’s new novel offers us the same tender exploration of the impact and significance of great love and great loss, belief and unbelief, that has marked all his brilliant, unexpected novels. Yann Martel is the author of Life of Pi, the international bestseller published in more than 50 territories that has sold more than 12 million copies worldwide, won the 2002 Man Booker (among many other prizes), spent more than a year on Canadian and international bestseller lists, and was adapted to the screen in an Oscar-winning film by Ang Lee. Martel is also the award-winning author of The Facts Behind the Helsinki Roccamatios (which won the Journey Prize), Self, Beatrice and Virgil, and a book of recommended reading: 101 Letters to a Prime Minister. ‘Martel fills his novel with unusual, different, interesting, and often amusing, elements...There is plenty of humour, some of it dark, some of it laugh-out-loud, almost slapstick.’ BookMooch ‘[An] extravagant smorgasbord of a novel...at every turn Martel’s deft observations and quiet compassion for human suffering shine through.’ Saturday Paper Martel’s writing has never been more charming, a rich mixture of sweetness that’s not cloying and tragedy that’s not melodramatic...The High Mountains of Portugal attains an altitude from which we can see something quietly miraculous.’ Washington Post ‘Martel is in a class by himself in acknowledging the tragic vicissitudes of life while celebrating wildly ridiculous contretemps that bring levity to the mystery of existence.’ STARRED Review, Publishers Weekly ‘A wonderfully inventive, 20th-century-spanning odyssey that contains some of the finest writing of Martel’s career.’ Globe and Mail ‘[Martel’s] depiction of loss is raw and deeply affecting—but it’s the way in which he contextualises it within formal religion that gives this book an extra dimension...Martel is not in the business of providing us with answers, but through its odd, fabulous, deliberately oblique stories, his new novel does ask some big questions.’ Telegraph ‘Told in unobtrusive, clean prose, The High Mountains of Portugal has the classic feel of a parable...Fascinating and ultimately satisfying.’ Australian ‘Unforgettable and highly recommended.’ Good Reading

A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441-1555

Download A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441-1555 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521231507
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (212 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441-1555 by : A. Saunders

Download or read book A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441-1555 written by A. Saunders and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1982-02-11 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a detailed study of black slavery in Portugal during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.