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Author : Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities written by Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities written by Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pierre-Simon Laplace
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780387943497
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (434 download)
Download or read book Pierre-Simon Laplace Philosophical Essay on Probabilities written by Pierre-Simon Laplace and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-03-16 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749-1827) is remembered amoung probabilitists today particularly for his "Theorie analytique des probabilites", published in 1812. The "Essai philosophique dur les probabilites" is his introduction for the second edition of this work. Here Laplace provided a popular exposition on his "Theorie". The "Essai", based on a lecture on probability given by Laplace in 1794, underwent sweeping changes, almost doubling in size, in the various editions published during Laplace's lifetime. Translations of various editions in different languages have apeared over the years. The only English translation of 1902 reads awkwardly today. This is a thorough and modern translation based on the recent re-issue, with its voluminous notes, of the fifth edition of 1826, with preface by Rene Thom and postscript by Bernard Bru. In the second part of the book, the reader is provided with an extensive commentary by the translator including valuable histographical and mathematical remarks and various proofs.
Author : Mauricio Suárez
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108983847
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Philosophy of Probability and Statistical Modelling written by Mauricio Suárez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element has two main aims. The first one (sections 1-7) is an historically informed review of the philosophy of probability. It describes recent historiography, lays out the distinction between subjective and objective notions, and concludes by applying the historical lessons to the main interpretations of probability. The second aim (sections 8-13) focuses entirely on objective probability, and advances a number of novel theses regarding its role in scientific practice. A distinction is drawn between traditional attempts to interpret chance, and a novel methodological study of its application. A radical form of pluralism is then introduced, advocating a tripartite distinction between propensities, probabilities and frequencies. Finally, a distinction is drawn between two different applications of chance in statistical modelling which, it is argued, vindicates the overall methodological approach. The ensuing conception of objective probability in practice is the 'complex nexus of chance'.
Author : Ian Hacking
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521388849
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (888 download)
Download or read book The Taming of Chance written by Ian Hacking and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-08-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines detailed scientific historical research with characteristic philosophic breadth and verve.
Author : Pierre-Simon Laplace
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461241847
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Pierre-Simon Laplace Philosophical Essay on Probabilities written by Pierre-Simon Laplace and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749-1827) is remembered among probabilitists today particularly for his "Theorie analytique des probabilites", published in 1812. The "Essai philosophique dur les probabilites" is his introduction for the second edition of this work. Here Laplace provided a popular exposition on his "Theorie". The "Essai", based on a lecture on probability given by Laplace in 1794, underwent sweeping changes, almost doubling in size, in the various editions published during Laplace's lifetime. Translations of various editions in different languages have apeared over the years. The only English translation of 1902 reads awkwardly today. This is a thorough and modern translation based on the recent re-issue, with its voluminous notes, of the fifth edition of 1826, with preface by Rene Thom and postscript by Bernard Bru. In the second part of the book, the reader is provided with an extensive commentary by the translator including valuable histographical and mathematical remarks and various proofs.
Author : Francisco Antônio Doria
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811200076
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Unravelling Complexity written by Francisco Antônio Doria and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolutions that Gregory Chaitin brought within the fields of science are well known. From his discovery of algorithmic information complexity to his work on Gödel's theorem, he has contributed deeply and expansively to such diverse fields. This book attempts to bring together a collection of articles written by his colleagues, collaborators and friends to celebrate his work in a festschrift. It encompasses various aspects of the scientific work that Chaitin has accomplished over the years. Topics range from philosophy to biology, from foundations of mathematics to physics, from logic to computer science, and all other areas Chaitin has worked on. It also includes sketches of his personality with the help of biographical accounts in some unconventional articles that will provide a rare glimpse into the personal life and nature of Chaitin. Compared to the other books that exist along a similar vein, this book stands out primarily due to its highly interdisciplinary nature and its scope that will attract readers into Chaitin's world
Author : Kenneth S Schmitz
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128005998
Total Pages : 1202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Physical Chemistry written by Kenneth S Schmitz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 1202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advancements in society are intertwined with the advancements in science. To understand how changes in society occurred, and will continue to change, one has to have a basic understanding of the laws of physics and chemistry. Physical Chemistry: Multidisciplinary Applications in Society examines how the laws of physics and chemistry (physical chemistry) explain the dynamic nature of the Universe and events on Earth, and how these events affect the evolution of society (multidisciplinary applications). The ordering of the chapters reflects the natural flow of events in an evolving Universe: Philosophy of Science, the basis of the view that natural events have natural causes - Cosmology, the origin of everything from the Big Bang to the current state of the Universe - Geoscience, the physics and chemistry behind the evolution of the planet Earth from its birth to the present - Life Science, the molecules and mechanisms of life on Earth - Ecology, the interdependence of all components within the Ecosphere and the Universe - Information Content, emphasis on how words and phrases and framing of issues affect opinions, reliability of sources, and the limitations of knowledge. - Addresses the four Ws of science: Why scientists believe Nature works the way it does, Who helped develop the fields of science, What theories of natural processes tell us about the nature of Nature, and Where our scientific knowledge is taking us into the future - Gives a historical review of the evolution of science, and the accompanying changes in the philosophy of how science views the nature of the Universe - Explores the physics and chemistry of Nature with minimal reliance on mathematics - Examines the structure and dynamics of the Universe and our Home Planet Earth - Provides a detailed analysis of how humans, as members of the Ecosphere, have influenced, and are continuing to influence, the dynamics of events on the paludarium called Earth - Presents underlying science of current political issues that shape the future of humankind - Emphasizes how words and phrases and framing of issues can influence the opinions of members of society - Makes extensive use of metaphors and everyday experiences to illustrate principles in science and social interactions
Author : J. Agassi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401018103
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Science in Flux written by J. Agassi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Celestial Mechanics written by Pierre Simon marquis de Laplace and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kelly James Clark
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030757978
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Abrahamic Reflections on Randomness and Providence written by Kelly James Clark and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book addresses the question of how God can providentially govern apparently ungovernable randomness. Medieval theologians confidently held that God is provident, that is, God is the ultimate cause of or is responsible for everything that happens. However, scientific advances since the 19th century pose serious challenges to traditional views of providence. From Darwinian evolution to quantum mechanics, randomness has become an essential part of the scientific worldview. An interdisciplinary team of Muslim, Christian and Jewish scholars—biologists, physicists, philosophers and theologians—addresses questions of randomness and providence.
Author : Erich L. Lehmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441995005
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Fisher, Neyman, and the Creation of Classical Statistics written by Erich L. Lehmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-25 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical statistical theory—hypothesis testing, estimation, and the design of experiments and sample surveys—is mainly the creation of two men: Ronald A. Fisher (1890-1962) and Jerzy Neyman (1894-1981). Their contributions sometimes complemented each other, sometimes occurred in parallel, and, particularly at later stages, often were in strong opposition. The two men would not be pleased to see their names linked in this way, since throughout most of their working lives they detested each other. Nevertheless, they worked on the same problems, and through their combined efforts created a new discipline. This new book by E.L. Lehmann, himself a student of Neyman’s, explores the relationship between Neyman and Fisher, as well as their interactions with other influential statisticians, and the statistical history they helped create together. Lehmann uses direct correspondence and original papers to recreate an historical account of the creation of the Neyman-Pearson Theory as well as Fisher’s dissent, and other important statistical theories.
Author : Gregory J. Chaitin
Publisher : Pantheon
ISBN 13 : 0375423141
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (754 download)
Download or read book Proving Darwin written by Gregory J. Chaitin and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 2012 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how evolution works on a mathematical level, arguing that mathematical theory is an essential part of evolution while highlighting mathematical principles in the biological world.
Author : Leonard M. Wapner
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1568817215
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (688 download)
Download or read book Unexpected Expectations written by Leonard M. Wapner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unexpected Expectations: The Curiosities of a Mathematical Crystal Ball explores how paradoxical challenges involving mathematical expectation often necessitate a reexamination of basic premises. The author takes you through mathematical paradoxes associated with seemingly straightforward applications of mathematical expectation and shows how these unexpected contradictions may push you to reconsider the legitimacy of the applications. The book requires only an understanding of basic algebraic operations and includes supplemental mathematical background in chapter appendices. After a history of probability theory, it introduces the basic laws of probability as well as the definition and applications of mathematical expectation/expected value (E). The remainder of the text covers unexpected results related to mathematical expectation, including: The roles of aversion and risk in rational decision making A class of expected value paradoxes referred to as envelope problems Parrondo’s paradox—how negative (losing) expectations can be combined to give a winning result Problems associated with imperfect recall Non-zero-sum games, such as the game of chicken and the prisoner’s dilemma Newcomb’s paradox—a great philosophical paradox of free will Benford’s law and its use in computer design and fraud detection While useful in areas as diverse as game theory, quantum mechanics, and forensic science, mathematical expectation generates paradoxes that frequently leave questions unanswered yet reveal interesting surprises. Encouraging you to embrace the mysteries of mathematics, this book helps you appreciate the applications of mathematical expectation, "a statistical crystal ball." Listen to an interview with the author on NewBooksinMath.com.
Author : Charles Coulston Gillispie
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691187983
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Pierre-Simon Laplace, 1749-1827 written by Charles Coulston Gillispie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pierre-Simon Laplace was among the most influential scientists in history. Often referred to as the lawgiver of French science, he is known for his technical contributions to exact science, for the philosophical point of view he developed in the presentation of his work, and for the leading part he took in forming the modern discipline of mathematical physics. His two most famous treatises were the five-volume Traité de mécanique céleste (1799-1825) and Théorie analytique des probabilités (1812). In the former he demonstrated mathematically the stability of the solar system in service to the universal Newtonian law of gravity. In the latter he developed probability from a set of miscellaneous problems concerning games, averages, mortality, and insurance risks into the branch of mathematics that permitted the quantification of estimates of error and the drawing of statistical inferences, wherever data warranted, in social, medical, and juridical matters, as well as in the physical sciences. This book traces the development of Laplace's research program and of his participation in the Academy of Science during the last decades of the Old Regime into the early years of the French Revolution. A scientific biography by Charles Gillispie comprises the major portion of the book. Robert Fox contributes an account of Laplace's attempt to form a school of young physicists who would extend the Newtonian model from astronomy to physics, and Ivor Grattan-Guinness summarizes the history of the scientist's most important single mathematical contribution, the Laplace Transform.
Author : Sharon Bertsch McGrayne
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300175094
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)
Download or read book The Theory That Would Not Die written by Sharon Bertsch McGrayne and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This account of how a once reviled theory, Baye’s rule, came to underpin modern life is both approachable and engrossing" (Sunday Times). A New York Times Book Review Editors’ Choice Bayes' rule appears to be a straightforward, one-line theorem: by updating our initial beliefs with objective new information, we get a new and improved belief. To its adherents, it is an elegant statement about learning from experience. To its opponents, it is subjectivity run amok. In the first-ever account of Bayes' rule for general readers, Sharon Bertsch McGrayne explores this controversial theorem and the generations-long human drama surrounding it. McGrayne traces the rule’s discovery by an 18th century amateur mathematician through its development by French scientist Pierre Simon Laplace. She reveals why respected statisticians rendered it professionally taboo for 150 years—while practitioners relied on it to solve crises involving great uncertainty and scanty information, such as Alan Turing's work breaking Germany's Enigma code during World War II. McGrayne also explains how the advent of computer technology in the 1980s proved to be a game-changer. Today, Bayes' rule is used everywhere from DNA de-coding to Homeland Security. Drawing on primary source material and interviews with statisticians and other scientists, The Theory That Would Not Die is the riveting account of how a seemingly simple theorem ignited one of the greatest controversies of all time.
Author : Pierre Simon Laplace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781522870449
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (74 download)
Download or read book A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities written by Pierre Simon Laplace and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-04 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the revised theory of quantum mechanics, postulating a probabilistic rather than a deterministic universe, was first introduced in the 1920s, Albert Einstein famously refused to believe that "God plays dice with the universe," and he spent the rest of his life trying to prove it.Quantum theory, however, survived his efforts, and it seems that the universe is very much based on random probabilities. The universe has not descended into chaos because random events are strictly governed by the universal laws of mathematics, a fact that casinos depend upon. So the odds of a broken teacup spontaneously reassembling itself, are not impossible, just extremely unlikely.In 1812, long before quantum theory was ever proposed, the French scholar, Pierre-Simon Laplace, issued his Théorie analytique des probabilités in which he laid down many of the fundamental mathematical principles governing probability. Two years later, he wrote this book concerning the philosophy behind his theory. Although its application to gambling is obvious, his theory applies to many scientific fields.Enjoyment of this work, which is a 1906 translation from French into English by two American university professors, does not require a deep understanding of mathematics to enjoy and appreciate.
