Phylogenetic Relationships Among Tree Frogs of the Genera Polypedates and Rhacophorus

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships Among Tree Frogs of the Genera Polypedates and Rhacophorus by : Chantip Inthara

Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships Among Tree Frogs of the Genera Polypedates and Rhacophorus written by Chantip Inthara and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cladistic analyses of morphological data support a monophyletic group for Polypedates but do not support a monophyletic group for Rhacophorus. Five groups of Rhacophorus are recognized:(1) Group I: R. appendiculatus; R. verrucosus; R. bisacculus; R. everetti; R. baliogaster and R. cavirostris. DIAGNOSIS: post cloacal region with tubercles and/or papillae; skin on dorsum with glandular warts; tip of fingers and toes round; webbing between fingers III-IV small; dermal ridge running along outer edge of fourth finger crenulated; presence of numerous small papillae on heel; dermal ridge running along outer edge of tarsus crenulated; and webbing on toes medium or large. (2) Group II: R. jarujini; R. lateralis; R. turpes; R. edentulus; R. monticola and R. poecilonotus. DIAGNOSIS: presence of two papillae on heel; inner metatarsal tubercle elongate; and webbing between toe I-II large or complete.(3) Group III: R. hoanglienensis; R. orlovi; R. margaritifer; R. gauni; R. bimaculatus; R. angulirostris; R. baluensis; R. calcaneus and R. pleurostictus. DIAGNOSIS: absence of vomerine ridge; dermal ridge along forearm smooth; absence of dermal ridge or flap running along outer edge of tarsus; webbing between fingers II-III small; and webbing between toe II-III complete.(4) Group IV: R. reinwardtii; R. nigropalmatus; R. malabaricus; R. exechopygus; R. prominanus; R. dulitensis; R. htunwini; R. kio; R. bipunctatus; R. rhodopus; R. annamensis; R. pardalis; R. harrissoni; R. fasciatus; R. rufipes and R. robinsoni. DIAGNOSIS: distance from tip of snout to nostril equal to distance from nostril to eyes; presence of dermal flap along forearm; webbing between fingers II-III almost complete or complete; webbing between fingers III-IV complete; presence of dermal flap running along outer edge of fourth finger; presence of ridge or flap on heel; webbing on toes complete; presence of supra-cloacal fold or flap; post cloacal region with ridge or flap. (5) Group V: R. dennysi; R. feae; R. maximus; R. schlegelii; R. dorsoviridis; R. viridis; R. moltrechti; R. arboreus; R. burmanus; R. arvalis; R. chenfui; R. taipeianus; R. owstoni; R. minimus; R. taronensis; R. duboisi; R. dugritei; and R. omeimontis. DIAGNOSIS: head shape in dorsal view sub-elliptical or semicircular; webbing on hand small or medium; webbing between fingers II-III medium; and snout shape in lateral view round or obtuse.(6) Group VI: Polypedates: P. nasutus; P. eques; P. otilophus; P. megacephalus; P. leucomystax; P. macrotis; P. maculatus; P. zed; P. colletti; P. mutus; and P. cruciger. DIAGNOSIS: presence or absence of co-ossified skin between eyes; webbing between toes I-II long; webbing between fingers III-IV rudimentary; and tympanum shape oval.Genera names available: Group I - Aquixalus; Groups II-V currently are members of genus Rhacophorus but cladistic analysis of morphological data show that groups are different based on several morphological characters; Group III - Leptomantis; Group IV - Rhacophorus.

Systematic and Phylogenetic Analysis of Relationships Between the Members of the Southeast-Asian Frogs of the Raninae, with Particular Emphasis on the Thai Species

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic and Phylogenetic Analysis of Relationships Between the Members of the Southeast-Asian Frogs of the Raninae, with Particular Emphasis on the Thai Species by : Yodchaiy Chuaynkern

Download or read book Systematic and Phylogenetic Analysis of Relationships Between the Members of the Southeast-Asian Frogs of the Raninae, with Particular Emphasis on the Thai Species written by Yodchaiy Chuaynkern and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phylogenetics analysis of the relationships between the members of the Raninae sensu DUBOIS (1992) was studied based on morphological data. Seventy-one taxa were included in the analyses including members of the genera Limnonectes, Amolops, Rana, Staurois and Rhacophorus. Among them, four taxa were treated as outgroup (Rana angolensis, Rana fuscigula, Limnonectes kuhlii and Rhacophorus rhodopus). A total of 241 morphological characters (123 from external morphology, 1 from tadpole and 118 from morphometry) were scored. Gap-weighting and step-matrix gap-weighting methods were adopted to code polymorphic and morphometric characters by using values of frequencies and means, respectively. The analysis was performed by using PAUP* (version 4.0b10).Results from gap-weighting coding yielded 2 equally shortest parsimonious trees with a length of 7901 steps, a CI of 0.415 and a RI of 0.3300. The tree obtained from the Neighbor-joining search has received tree length of 8029 steps, a CI of 0.4443 and a RI of 0.3102. Results from step-matrix gap-weighting coding yielded a single shortest tree with a length of 29606 steps, a CI of 0.1851 and a RI of 0.5852. The tree from Neighbor-joining search is chosen for describing the relationships among the groups.Although the aim of this study was to determine the relationships among the members of the Raninae sensu DUBOIS (1992), the results only partially support previous hypotheses of relationships within some groups. Results of the present work suggest that in further intensive phylogenetic analysis attention should be paid to Babina and Nidirana, Rana humeralis, Rana montivaga, Rana luctuosa, Rana malabarica, Odorrana and Eburana, and Sylvirana.The results demonstrate the choice among different methods for dealing with characters is important and the application of different methods to the same data produces different trees. Further, using characters on external morphology and morphometry only should not be enough to find the relationship patterns. Other kinds of data such as musculature, skeleton, chromosomes, behavior, ecology, tadpoles maybe adopted for reconstruction the phylogeny as well as the molecular data.

Morphology, Systematics, and Phylogenetic Relationships Among Frogs of the Genus Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae)

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis Morphology, Systematics, and Phylogenetic Relationships Among Frogs of the Genus Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae) by : Luis A. Coloma-Román

Download or read book Morphology, Systematics, and Phylogenetic Relationships Among Frogs of the Genus Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae) written by Luis A. Coloma-Román and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla

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Publisher : Good Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla by : William Edward Duellman

Download or read book A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla written by William Edward Duellman and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla" presents research on the geographic distribution of the species, habitat, competition, reproduction and development, genetic relationships, and morphological peculiarities of the Hyla, Plectrohyla, and Ptychohyla species.

Phylogenetic Relationships of Two Poorly Known Honduran Treefrogs (Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylini)

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of Two Poorly Known Honduran Treefrogs (Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylini) by : Wagner Chaves-Acuña

Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of Two Poorly Known Honduran Treefrogs (Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylini) written by Wagner Chaves-Acuña and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isthmohyla insolita and Exerodonta catracha are Honduran hylids of uncertain phylogenetic relationships. In this paper we present a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes to study their relationships. Our results show that these species are, respectively, the sister taxon of and nested among the few available species of Plectrohyla, possibly the least studied genus of Hylini in terms of phylogenetic relationships. To solve the polyphyly of Exerodonta and Isthmohyla, both species are provisionally transferred to Plectrohyla, pending a broader phylogenetic study including all species in the genus. Consequently, Isthmohyla is restricted to a group of hylids endemic to the Isthmian highlands of Costa Rica and Panama in lower Central America. The inclusion of I. insolita in Plectrohyla implies another instance of independent evolution of terrestrial egg clutches in Hylini.

Phenotypic Evolution of Middle American Tree Frogs

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Phenotypic Evolution of Middle American Tree Frogs by : David Antonio Sánchez

Download or read book Phenotypic Evolution of Middle American Tree Frogs written by David Antonio Sánchez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The shape and size of vertebrates is shaped by adaptive processes and phylogenetic relationships, and constrained by mechanical and developmental constraints. We quantified the diversity of the skull using geometric morphometrics, studied the shape of the oral disc of tadpoles, constructed and corrected phylogenies of the Middle American Tree frogs, a monophyletic lineage with highly diverse shapes and sizes distributed in Central and North America, and temperate Eurasia. Four major clades are identified in the Middle American Tree frogs. We measured allometric effects and assessed the independence between the evolutionary history of the larval and the adult phenotype in two different evolutionary scales: along all the Middle American tree frogs, and within one genus of frogs (Plectrohyla) restricted to a small geographic area in the mountains in Nuclear central America. At least four major shifts towards large size are identified in four genera along the whole clade of Middle American Tree frogs. Within the genus Plectrohyla, three major independent shifts towards large size were identified. Correlation between shape and size has different degrees in each of the independent size shifts. Adult phenotype seems to be shaped in some cases by phylogenetic relationships, and in other cases by adaptive processes evidenced by convergence in skull shape. Attainment of large sizes permits shape diversification and limits the occurrence of only one clade of large species in each mountain region. Different clades of small generalist species inhabit together in all geographic areas of Middle America and show low phenotypic diversification. Larval phenotypic evolution can be completely independent from adult phenotypic evolution. Species of similar frogs can have different larval forms and presumably this partitions the niches during the larval phase under strong selective pressures. Mountain habitats show the largest diversity of Middle American tree frogs, and the evolution of larvae adapted to mountain stream is proposed as the key novel feature that permitted tree frogs to diversify along mountain regions in Middle America like no other clade has been able to. Adaptations to mountain streams have appeared in different ways and independently in different genera of tree frogs.

Phylogenetic Relationships and Evolution of Bufonid Frogs Based on Molecular and Morphological Characters

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships and Evolution of Bufonid Frogs Based on Molecular and Morphological Characters by : Anna Graybeal

Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships and Evolution of Bufonid Frogs Based on Molecular and Morphological Characters written by Anna Graybeal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phylogenetic Relationships of the West Indian Frogs of the Genus Eleutherodactylus

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of the West Indian Frogs of the Genus Eleutherodactylus by : Rafael L. Joglar

Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of the West Indian Frogs of the Genus Eleutherodactylus written by Rafael L. Joglar and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hylid Frogs of the Genus Plectrohyla: Systematics and Phylogenetic Relationships

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Hylid Frogs of the Genus Plectrohyla: Systematics and Phylogenetic Relationships by : William E. Duellman

Download or read book Hylid Frogs of the Genus Plectrohyla: Systematics and Phylogenetic Relationships written by William E. Duellman and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Molecular Phylogeny of Bornean Tree Frog (Amphibia : Anura : Rhacophoridae) from Genus Polypedates

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (943 download)

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Book Synopsis A Molecular Phylogeny of Bornean Tree Frog (Amphibia : Anura : Rhacophoridae) from Genus Polypedates by :

Download or read book A Molecular Phylogeny of Bornean Tree Frog (Amphibia : Anura : Rhacophoridae) from Genus Polypedates written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla

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Publisher : Hardpress Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781318993581
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (935 download)

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Book Synopsis A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla by : Duellman William Edward

Download or read book A Review of the Middle American Tree Frogs of the Genus Ptychohyla written by Duellman William Edward and published by Hardpress Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-23 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

The Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Hylid Frog Genus Stefania

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis The Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Hylid Frog Genus Stefania by : William Edward Duellman

Download or read book The Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Hylid Frog Genus Stefania written by William Edward Duellman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phylogenetic Relationships of Dart-poison Frogs Via Evidence from Cytochrome B, 16S RRNA, and 12S RRNA Gene Regions of Mitrochondrial DNA

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of Dart-poison Frogs Via Evidence from Cytochrome B, 16S RRNA, and 12S RRNA Gene Regions of Mitrochondrial DNA by : Mark E. Clough

Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of Dart-poison Frogs Via Evidence from Cytochrome B, 16S RRNA, and 12S RRNA Gene Regions of Mitrochondrial DNA written by Mark E. Clough and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements by : Morgan R. Muell

Download or read book Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements written by Morgan R. Muell and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among organisms is essential for anchoring evolutionary studies. Phylogenomic studies use large amounts of genetic data in analyses, which is particularly important for highly phenotypically variable taxa that are difficult to distinguish from one another without the use of genetic data, due to the abundance of homoplasy in morphological characters typically used in morphological classification. Use of genome-scale molecular data has thus become the gold standard for identifying these phylogenetic relationships, specifically in comparison to past studies based on fewer genes. Greater quantities of genetic data, in addition to finer taxon sampling, may lead to different conclusions about phylogenetic relationships among organisms compared to previous studies, necessitating new analyses on organisms when new discoveries of populations and new sources of genetic data arise. Ranitomeya poison frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) are an Amazonian lineage of dendrobatid frogs consisting of 16 species possessing remarkable diversity in color pattern, range size, and parental care behavior. I present the first phylogeny based on genomic data for all species in Ranitomeya, using maximum likelihood and multi-species coalescent methods. I used ultraconserved elements (UCEs), a genome-scale nuclear marker, as my source of molecular data to construct the tree. I also present divergence time estimations using the MCMCTree program. My results indicate several differences from previous analyses in terms of interspecific relationships. Notably, I find R. toraro and R. defleri constitute different species groups, and recover R. uakarii as paraphyletic. I also designate former populations of R. fantastica from Isla Pongo, Peru and Tarapoto as R. summersi, and transfer the French Guianan R. amazonica populations to R. variabilis. My study clarifies both interspecific and intraspecific relationships within Ranitomeya, and provides key insights into phylogeny that pave the way for future studies testing hypotheses on color pattern evolution and historical biogeography.

The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226893332
Total Pages : 1162 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians by : Kentwood D. Wells

Download or read book The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians written by Kentwood D. Wells and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consisting of more than six thousand species, amphibians are more diverse than mammals and are found on every continent save Antarctica. Despite the abundance and diversity of these animals, many aspects of the biology of amphibians remain unstudied or misunderstood. The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians aims to fill this gap in the literature on this remarkable taxon. It is a celebration of the diversity of amphibian life and the ecological and behavioral adaptations that have made it a successful component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Synthesizing seventy years of research on amphibian biology, Kentwood D. Wells addresses all major areas of inquiry, including phylogeny, classification, and morphology; aspects of physiological ecology such as water and temperature relations, respiration, metabolism, and energetics; movements and orientation; communication and social behavior; reproduction and parental care; ecology and behavior of amphibian larvae and ecological aspects of metamorphosis; ecological impact of predation on amphibian populations and antipredator defenses; and aspects of amphibian community ecology. With an eye towards modern concerns, The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians concludes with a chapter devoted to amphibian conservation. An unprecedented scholarly contribution to amphibian biology, this book is eagerly anticipated among specialists.

Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the frog genus Silurana

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the frog genus Silurana by : Rafael Omar De Sá

Download or read book Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the frog genus Silurana written by Rafael Omar De Sá and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cladistic Studies of Costa Rican Frogs, Genus "Eleutherodactylus"

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cladistic Studies of Costa Rican Frogs, Genus "Eleutherodactylus" by : Michael Masao Miyamoto

Download or read book Cladistic Studies of Costa Rican Frogs, Genus "Eleutherodactylus" written by Michael Masao Miyamoto and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: