Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Photochemistry Of Natural Organic Matter full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Photochemistry Of Natural Organic Matter ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Ann Maurine McNally
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Natural Organic Matter written by Ann Maurine McNally and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Petr Klán
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405190884
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Organic Compounds written by Petr Klán and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-23 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochemistry of Organic Compounds: From Concepts to Practice provides a hands-on guide demonstrating the underlying principles of photochemistry and, by reference to a range of organic reaction types, its effective use in the synthesis of new organic compounds and in various applications. The book presents a complete and methodical approach to the topic, Working from basic principles, discussing key techniques and studies of reactive intermediates, and illustrating synthetic photochemical procedures. Incorporating special topics and case studies covering various applications of photochemistry in chemistry, environmental sciences, biochemistry, physics, medicine, and industry. Providing extensive references to the original literature and to review articles. Concluding with a chapter on retrosynthetic photochemistry, listing key reactions to aid the reader in designing their own synthetic pathways. This book will be a valuable source of information and inspiration for postgraduates as well as professionals from a wide range of chemical and natural sciences.
Author : Laleen Chanaka Bodhipaksha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Effluent and Natural Organic Matter and Photochemical Degradation of Micropollutants written by Laleen Chanaka Bodhipaksha and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The photoreactivity of treated wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) has received recent attention because it is an important fraction of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool in wastewater-receiving rivers. Dissolved organic matter contains chromophore moieties that absorb energy from sunlight and, in turn, produce reactive intermediates through secondary reactions of these excited-state moieties. Photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs) include excited state triplet organic matter (3DOM*), singlet oxygen (1O2), hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and others. Apparent quantum yields of production of PPRIs appear to be higher for EfOM than for natural organic materials (NOM), which implied that contributions of EfOM may enhance the photoproduction of reactive intermediates in EfOM-receiving rivers. Our evaluations with EfOM and NOM mixtures showed higher photoreactivity in mixtures having more than 25% (v/v) of EfOM; however, evidence of 3DOM* and 1O2 quenching in organic matter mixtures was found when measured yields were compared to theoretical yields. These results suggest that effluent contributions of greater than 25% to rivers have a lower than expected contribution to photochemical production of 3DOM* and 1O2 because of quenching of 3DOM* by DOM. To examine how trends of reactive species productions translate to indirect photodegradation of micropollutants, we studied photodegradation of organic compounds in wastewater effluent, river water and mixtures thereof. The compounds were selected considering their photodegradation pathways. Greater contributions of oxidants in the degradation of compounds were observed in EfOM compared to NOM. Comparisons of measured rate constants with model calculations based on end member reaction rate constants showed model overestimations of photodegradation in the case of 3DOM* and 1O2 pathways, and conserved mixing behavior in the case of OH• reaction pathways. Finally, we found that amino acids in EfOM involve in quenching of triplets.
Author : Petr Klán
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444300008
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Organic Compounds written by Petr Klán and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochemistry of Organic Compounds: From Concepts toPractice provides a hands-on guide demonstrating the underlyingprinciples of photochemistry and, by reference to a range oforganic reaction types, its effective use in the synthesis of neworganic compounds and in various applications. The book presents a complete and methodical approach to thetopic, Working from basic principles, discussing key techniques andstudies of reactive intermediates, and illustrating syntheticphotochemical procedures. Incorporating special topics and case studies covering variousapplications of photochemistry in chemistry, environmentalsciences, biochemistry, physics, medicine, and industry. Providing extensive references to the original literature andto review articles. Concluding with a chapter on retrosynthetic photochemistry,listing key reactions to aid the reader in designing their ownsynthetic pathways. This book will be a valuable source of information andinspiration for postgraduates as well as professionals from a widerange of chemical and natural sciences.
Download or read book Aqueous Photochemistry of 1,4-benzoquinones and Their Possible Role in the Photochemistry of Natural Organic Matter written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Khan M.G. Mostofa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642322239
Total Pages : 919 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Photobiogeochemistry of Organic Matter written by Khan M.G. Mostofa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoinduced processes, caused by natural sunlight, are key functions for sustaining all living organisms through production and transformation of organic matter (OM) in the biosphere. Production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from OM is a primary step of photoinduced processes, because H2O2 acts as strong reductant and oxidant. It is potentially important in many aquatic reactions, also in association with photosynthesis. Allochthonous and autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be involved into several photoinduced or biological processes. DOM subsequently undergoes several physical, chemical, photoinduced and biological processes, which can be affected by global warming. This book is uniquely structured to overview some vital issues, such as: DOM; H2O2 and ROOH; HO•; Degradation of DOM; CDOM, FDOM; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Metal complexation, and Global warming, as well as their mutual interrelationships, based on updated scientific results.
Author : Paula G. Coble
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521764610
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)
Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Author : Dennis A. Hansell
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124071538
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Author : Paola Calza
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782622152
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)
Download or read book Surface Water Photochemistry written by Paola Calza and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Borne out of the current widespread interest in the pollution of water bodies, this book explores the latest research concerning the photochemical fate of organic pollutants in surface water. Considering both the functioning of ecosystems and the behaviour of emerging pollutants in those ecosystems, it is dedicated to techniques that can be used in the field and in the laboratory for the detection of pollutants and of their transformation intermediates. The inclusion of photochemical processes that have not gained previous coverage will afford the reader novel insights, whilst the focus on modelling and transformation intermediates will ensure the title’s relevance to academics, the chemical manufacturing industries and environmental assessment experts alike.
Author : E Walter Helbling
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1847552269
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (475 download)
Download or read book UV Effects in Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems written by E Walter Helbling and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers extensive coverage of the most important aspects of UVR effects on all aquatic (not just freshwater and marine) ecosystems, encompassing UV physics, chemistry, biology and ecology. Comprehensive and up-to-date, UV Effects in Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems aims to bridge the gap between environmental studies of UVR effects and the broader, traditional fields of ecology, oceanography and limnology. Adopting a synthetic approach, the different sections cover: the physical factors controlling UVR intensity in the atmosphere; the penetration and distribution of solar radiation in natural waters; the main photochemical process affecting natural and anthropogenic substances; and direct and indirect effects on organisms (from viruses, bacteria and algae to invertebrate and vertebrate consumers). Researchers and professionals in environmental chemistry, photochemistry, photobiology and cell and molecular biology will value this book, as will those looking at ozone depletion and global change.
Author : Stephen Andrew Timko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781339527086
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (27 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Stephen Andrew Timko and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constructed wetlands have the potential to provide low-energy treatment of pharmaceuticals and other micropollutants via photolysis. Natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) reacts with sunlight to produce reactive species such as singlet oxygen and excited triplet states of DOM that react quickly and efficiently with contaminants. To study the photo-chemistry of DOM, a unique solar-simulation system was developed, allowing for semi-continuous monitoring of absorbance and fluorescence spectra throughout the irradiation. This system was utilized to investigate the effect of solution pH on the fluorescence properties and degradation of DOM. For the first time, parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis was utilized to deconvolute photo-labile, photo-stable, and pH- dependent fluorescent components during irradiation. Fluorescence is highly pH dependent, and as pH increases, the total amount of fluorescence loss, and the rate at which it is lost, increases significantly. This has important implications in treatment systems, as the photo-reactivity of DOM will change when pH gradients or fluctuations are observed. The photo-degradation of organic matter collected from a depth profile (0-4,500 m) the Sargasso Sea showed increased reactivity with increasing depth. Ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-MS) was used to characterize the samples, and correlation analyses between the fluorescence data and mass spectra revealed that high molecular weight, aromatic, and possibly polyphenolic compounds are contributing the most to the fluorescence properties that show the most reactivity in marine samples.Production of singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, and triplet excited states of DOM along two riverine transects in the Everglades were measured. The abundance of fluorescence PARAFAC components was compared to the reactive species production, and suggested that terrestrial organic matter may be more efficient producers of reactive species than microbial- or seagrass- derived organic matter.Finally, the relationship between optical properties of DOM samples collected around the world and their reactivity were investigated. Photo-irradiations and pH titrations were performed on all samples, and mass spectra collected via FT-MS. Humification indices, the biological index (BIX), and spectral slope from 275-295 nm were found to be most closely tied to changes in the mass spectra of the samples, and showed strong relationship to DOM source.
Author : Abdul Rafi Khwaja
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry of Dissolved Natural Organic Matter and Its Interactions with Methylmercury and Inorganic Mercury written by Abdul Rafi Khwaja and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : I. H. Suffet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 906 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Aquatic Humic Substances written by I. H. Suffet and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a cohesive compilation of recent research results into the many aspects of water purification. Major sections cover the characterization and environmental impact of aquatic humic substances, their reactions in natural water and sediments, and their influences on water treatment. Topics examined include hazardous waste chemicals, water solubility enhancement, sorption, metal speciation, and photochemistry. Specific types of treatment processes are also described.
Author : George R. Helz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 135108674X
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Aquatic and Surface Photochemistry written by George R. Helz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-10 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquatic and Surface Photochemistry provides a broad overview of current research in the emerging field of environmental aquatic and surface photochemistry. Selected reviews and current research articles are blended to provide an in-depth treatment of various aspects of this research area. The first part of the text deals with photochemistry in the environment, covering recent research on the following topics: aquatic photochemistry of organic pollutants and agrochemicals, photochemical cycling of carbon and transition metals (especially iron), photochemical formation of reactive oxygen species in natural waters, photoreaction in cloud and rain droplets, and photoreactions on environmental surfaces (soil, ash, metal, oxide). The second part provides discussions and data on both heterogeneous photocatalytic and homogeneous processes, with topics ranging from applications to mechanistic studies. These chapters illustrate the wide diversity of pollutant classes that are degradable by photochemical techniques and the effects of various reaction conditions on the rates and efficiency of the techniques. Current kinetic studies are presented, which provide new information about the role of adsorption and the nature of the reactive oxidizing species that mediate these photoremediation processes.This book will interest civil, chemical, and environmental engineers, as well as chemists, soil scientists, geochemists, and atmospheric chemists.
Author : Pierre Boule
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540629139
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (291 download)
Download or read book Environmental Photochemistry written by Pierre Boule and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary discipline, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environ mental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occurring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environ mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over five million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about hundred and fifty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modifications, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits. Cities and metropolitan areas of up to 15 million inhabitants produce large quantities of waste in relatively small and confined areas. Much of the chemical products and waste products of modern society are released into the environment either during production, storage, transport, use or ultimate disposal. These released materials participate in natural cycles and reactions and frequently lead to interference and disturbance of natural systems.
Author : Jared Verrill Goldstone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Direct and Indirect Photoreactions of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter written by Jared Verrill Goldstone and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochemical transformations of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) are one of the principal processes controlling its fate in coastal waters. The photochemical decomposition of CDOM leads to the formation of a variety of biologically available carbon substrates. Photomineralization of CDOM to dissolved inorganic carbon may constitute a significant flux in the global carbon cycle. Photoreactions ultimately lead to the destruction of the chromophores and hence to the loss of absorption and fluorescence (bleaching), thus acting as a sink for CDOM. Photodecomposition may proceed both via direct photochemical reactions, following absorption of photons by CDOM, or via indirect processes, involving DOM reactions with photochemically generated intermediates such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). The reactions of CDOM with two important ROS, superoxide (02- ) and hydroxyl radical (OH), have different consequences. Superoxide reactions with CDOM did not appear to degrade the CDOM. Instead, CDOM catalysed the dismutation of 02- to 02 and HOOH. This reactivity has the effect of limiting the steady-state concentration of 02- in most coastal waters. In contrast, reactions of CDOM with radiolytically produced OH formed CO2 and several low molecular weight carboxylic acids, as well as bleached both the absorption and fluorescence at slow rates. These reactions did not increase the bioavailability of this material to a microbial consortium. Both direct and indirect photochemical processes are expected to be accelerated by the presence of iron.
Author : Pierre Boule
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540690441
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Environmental Photochemistry written by Pierre Boule and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary discipline, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environ mental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occurring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environ mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over five million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about hundred and fifty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modifications, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits. Cities and metropolitan areas of up to 15 million inhabitants produce large quantities of waste in relatively small and confined areas. Much of the chemical products and waste products of modern society are released into the environment either during production, storage, transport, use or ultimate disposal. These released materials participate in natural cycles and reactions and frequently lead to interference and disturbance of natural systems.
