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Phonetics And Phonology Of Tense And Lax Obstruents In German
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Book Synopsis Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German by : Michael Jessen
Download or read book Phonetics and Phonology of Tense and Lax Obstruents in German written by Michael Jessen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowing that the so-called voiced and voiceless stops in languages like English and German do not always literally differ in voicing, several linguists — among them Roman Jakobson — have proposed that dichotomies such as fortis/lenis or tense/lax might be more suitable to capture the invariant phonetic core of this distinction. Later it became the dominant view that voice onset time or laryngeal features are more reasonable alternatives. However, based on a number of facts and arguments from current phonetics and phonology this book claims that the Jakobsonian feature tense was rejected prematurely. Among the theoretical aspects addressed, it is argued that an acoustic definition of distinctive features best captures the functional aspects of speech communication, while it is also discussed how the conclusions are relevant for formal accounts, such as feature geometry. The invariant of tense is proposed to be durational, and its ‘basic correlate’ is proposed to be aspiration duration. It is shown that tense and voice differ in their invariant properties and basic correlates, but that they share a number of other correlates, including F0 onset and closure duration. In their stop systems languages constitute a typology between the selection of voice and tense, but in their fricative systems languages universally tend towards a syncretism involving voicing and tenseness together. Though the proposals made here are intended to have general validity, the emphasis is on German. As part of this focus, an acoustic study and a transillumination study of the realization of /p,t,k,f,s/ vs. /b,d,g,v,z/ in German are presented.
Book Synopsis Phonetics and Phonology of the Tense and Lax Obstruents in German by : Michael Jessen
Download or read book Phonetics and Phonology of the Tense and Lax Obstruents in German written by Michael Jessen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis German Phonetics and Phonology by : Mary Grantham O'Brien
Download or read book German Phonetics and Phonology written by Mary Grantham O'Brien and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-28 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first course book designed to engage students in the pronunciation of modern German by grounding practice in theory An essential introduction to the pronunciation of modern German, this unique classroom text is designed to help mid- to upper-level undergraduate students of German produce more accurate and comprehensible German speech. Written in English in a clear and engaging style and employing a minimum of technical jargon, it is the first German phonetics and phonology text to focus on theory and practice, covering topics ranging from the analysis of one's own speech to historical developments and regional variation. This work includes a wealth of exercises supported by an ancillary website audio program designed to help students perceive and produce sounds and prosodic features more accurately. Addressing topics such as word stress, sentence stress, and intonation as well as the pronunciation of individual sounds, this one-of-a-kind primer provides its users with a solid basis in German phonetics and phonology in order to improve their pronunciation of German.
Book Synopsis Features in Phonology and Phonetics by : Annie Rialland
Download or read book Features in Phonology and Phonetics written by Annie Rialland and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-05-19 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book intends to place Nick Clements’ contribution to Feature Theory in a historical and contemporary context and to introduce some of his unpublished manuscripts as well as new work with colleagues collected in this book.
Book Synopsis Final Devoicing in the Phonology of German by : Wiebke Brockhaus
Download or read book Final Devoicing in the Phonology of German written by Wiebke Brockhaus and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the phonological event of final devoicing in a theoretical framework based on principles and parameters rather than rules. It refers to data coming almost exclusively from German (native and non-native items). The first chapter presents the 'raw facts', providing an outline of the sort of alternations and distributional restrictions on voicing to be accounted for. Previous treatments of final devoicing in German are discussed and evaluated in the second chapter. Chapters 3 and 4 provide an analysis of final devoicing in German couched in the framework of Government Phonology (GP), a phonological theory operating with principles and parameters. Some of the central tenets of GP are introduced at the beginning of chapter 3, and additional concepts of the theory are explained as they become relevant to the discussion of final devoicing. The author argues that final devoicing should be interpreted as a phonological weakening process involving the withdrawal of autosegmental licensing from the laryngeal element L (which represents voicing in obstruents). This occurs in phonologically 'weak' environments, where, due to clearly definable prosodic conditions, only reduced autosegmental licensing potential is available. This analysis, developed with reference to the prestige variety of German (Hochlautung), is then extended to Northern Standard German, and the phonological differences between the two dialects are identified. In the final chapter, the author investigates whether final devoicing results in phonological neutralisation, as is often assumed in the literature. She observes that the GP account developed in chapters 3 and 4 is incompatible with this traditional view. This is desirable, since, among other things, the conflict between earlier phonological analyses and experimental studies of final devoicing can now be resolved.
Book Synopsis Phonetics and Phonology of Modern German by : Wilbur A. Benware
Download or read book Phonetics and Phonology of Modern German written by Wilbur A. Benware and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A History of German by : Joseph Salmons
Download or read book A History of German written by Joseph Salmons and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed but accessible introduction to the development of the German language from the earliest reconstructable prehistory to the present day. Joe Salmons explores a range of topics in the history of the language, offering answers to questions such as: How did German come to have so many different dialects and close linguistic cousins like Dutch and Plattdeutsch? Why does German have 'umlaut' vowels and why do they play so many different roles in the grammar? Why are noun plurals so complicated? Are dialects dying out today? Does English, with all the words it loans to German, pose a threat to the language? This second edition has been extensively expanded and revised to include extended coverage of syntactic and pragmatic change throughout, expanded discussion of sociolinguistic aspects, language variation, and language contact, and more on the position of German in the Germanic family. The book is supported by a companion website and is suitable for language learners and teachers and students of linguistics, from undergraduate level upwards. The new edition also includes more detailed background information to make it more accessible for beginners.
Book Synopsis A History of German by : Joe Salmons
Download or read book A History of German written by Joe Salmons and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed introduction to the development of the German language from the earliest reconstructible prehistory to the present day. It is supported by a companion website and is suitable for language learners and teachers and students of linguistics, from undergraduate level upwards.
Book Synopsis Distinctive Feature Theory by : T. Alan Hall
Download or read book Distinctive Feature Theory written by T. Alan Hall and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of nine articles dealing with topics in distinctive feature theory in various typologically diverse languages, including Acehnese, Afrikaans, Basque, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Japanese, Korean, Navajo, Portuguese, Tahltan, Terena, Tswana, Tuvan, and Zoque. The subjects dealt with in the book include feature geometry, underspecification (in rule-based and in Opti-mality Theoretic treatments) and the phonetic implementation of phonological features. Other topics include laryngeal features (e.g. [voice], [spread glottis], [nasal]), and place features for consonants and vowels. The volume will be of interest to all linguists and advanced students of linguistics working on feature theory and/or the phonetics-phonology interface.
Book Synopsis The Phonetics and Phonology of Heritage Languages by : Rajiv Rao
Download or read book The Phonetics and Phonology of Heritage Languages written by Rajiv Rao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-02-29 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book-length treatment of the phonetics and phonology of heritage languages, spanning a range of linguistic areas and communities.
Book Synopsis Papers from the 2007 New York Conference by : Marcel den Dikken
Download or read book Papers from the 2007 New York Conference written by Marcel den Dikken and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together ten papers, all presented at the 8th International Conference on the Structure of Hungarian (New York City, 2007), addressing a wide range of topics in the morphology, phonetics, phonology, pragmatics, semantics, and syntax of Hungarian, with discussion of related facts in other languages as well. The volume includes an analysis of the morphophonology of the infinitival suffix in Optimality Theory, a plea for a phonetically-grounded theory of phonology based on partial neutralization of the "v/f" contrast, a Government Phonology account of vowel/zero alternations, a discussion of the recursive nature of speech prosody, a context-structure perspective on the pragmatics of polarity particles, a novel outlook on the prosody, semantics, and syntax of negative quantifiers, a structural approach to the difference between factive and non-factive complements and the distribution of the clausal expletive "azt," a pioneering study of the licensing and position of overt nominative subjects of infinitival complement clauses, a lexicalist perspective on the distribution of ablative cause-PPs in anti-causative constructions, and an analysis of the complicated morphosyntax of adpositional preverbs and their doubling in terms of partial chain reduction in a phase-based cyclic mapping of syntax to phonology. The volume will be of interest not just to scholars working on Hungarian, but to a general audience of generative linguists.
Book Synopsis Variation and Gradience in Phonetics and Phonology by : Frank Kügler
Download or read book Variation and Gradience in Phonetics and Phonology written by Frank Kügler and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-08-17 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of current issues in variation and gradience in phonetics, phonology and sociolinguistics. It contributes to the growing interest in gradience and variation in theoretical phonology by combing research on the factors underlying variability and systematic quantitative results with theoretical phonological considerations. Variation is inherent to language, and one of the aims of phonological theory is to describe and explain the mechanisms underlying variation at every level of phonological representation. Variation below the segment concerns articulatory, acoustic and perceptual cues that contribute to the formation of natural classes of sounds. At the segmental level there are grammatical differences in the production and perception of contextual variation of segments and in the syntagmatic constraints on the combination of segments. At the suprasegmental level the mapping of tones to grammatical functions and vice versa is discussed. Further aspects addressed in this book are factors outside of language: Variation that arises as a result of a particular dialect or of belonging to a certain age group, or variation that is the consequence of language change. Gradience and variation have always been a central issue in phonetic and sociolinguistic research. Gradience introduces variation in phonology as well. If a phonetic entity can be pronounced in different ways, depending on the environment, prosodic factors or dialectal influences, this ‘gradience’ may introduce ‘variation’, which we understand as a stable state of grammar.
Book Synopsis Lifespan Acquisition and Language Change by : Israel Sanz-Sánchez
Download or read book Lifespan Acquisition and Language Change written by Israel Sanz-Sánchez and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume connects the latest research on language acquisition across the lifespan with the explanation of language change in specific sociohistorical settings. This conversation benefits from recent advances in two areas: on the one hand, the study of how learners of various ages and in various sociolinguistic contexts acquire language variation; on the other, historical sociolinguistics as the field that focuses on the study of historical patterns of language variation and change. The overarching rationale for this interdisciplinary dialogue is that all forms of language change start and spread as the result of individual acts of acquisition throughout the speakers’ lives. The thirteen chapters in this book are authored by an international group of both established and emerging scholars. They encompass theoretical overviews of specific research areas within the broader realm of the acquisition of language variation, as well as case studies applying these theoretical advances to the exploration of language change in a wide range of sociohistorical contexts in the Americas, Oceania, and Asia. This volume will be of interest to students and researchers in the area of language acquisition, language variation and language change, especially those working on interdisciplinary and crosslinguistic connections among these areas.
Book Synopsis German Pronunciation and Phonology by : Jethro Bithell
Download or read book German Pronunciation and Phonology written by Jethro Bithell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1952. This book does not confine itself to German phonetics; it aims rather at showing by what processes and tricks of sound words have been shaped in the course of years; it is therefore a book on phonology as well. It should have a wide appeal to students of German. Moreover, since the treatment of laws and sound processes is comparative, it will be useful to students of other languages, particularly of the Scandinavian group and Dutch.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXX by : Amel Khalfaoui
Download or read book Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXX written by Amel Khalfaoui and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains selected papers from the Thirtieth Annual Symposium on Arabic Linguistics that was held at Stony Brook University in 2016, as well as two articles that are based on papers presented at the Thirty-First Annual Symposium on Arabic Linguistics, held at the University of Oklahoma in 2017. The chapters are theoretical and experimental explorations of a variety of linguistic topics and engage ideas ranging over three broad areas of research: phonetics and phonology, syntax, and experimental and computational linguistics. They deal with Classical and Modern Standard Arabic as well as a variety of dialects, including Iraqi, Egyptian, Moroccan, and Syrian Arabic.
Book Synopsis Second Language Writing Systems by : Vivian Cook
Download or read book Second Language Writing Systems written by Vivian Cook and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2005-05-23 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second Language Writing Systems looks at how people learn and use a second language writing system, arguing that they are affected by characteristics of the first and second writing systems, to a certain extent independently of the languages involved. This book presents for the first time the effects of writing systems on language reading and writing and on language awareness, and provides a new platform for discussing bilingualism, biliteracy and writing systems. The approach is interdisciplinary, with contributions not only from applied linguists and psychologists but also corpus linguists, educators and phoneticians. A variety of topics are covered, from handwriting to spelling, word recognition to the mental lexicon, and language textbooks to metalinguistic awareness. Though most of the studies concern adult L2 learners and users, other populations covered include minority children, immersion students and bilingual children. While the emphasis is on English as the L2 writing system, many other writing systems are analysed as L1 or L2: Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, Gujarati, Indonesian, Irish, Italian and Japanese. Approaches that are represented include contrastive analysis, transfer, poststructuralism, connectionism and corpus analysis. The readership is SLA and bilingualism researchers, students and teachers around the world; language teachers will also find much food for thought.
Book Synopsis The Internal Organization of Phonological Segments by : Marc van Oostendorp
Download or read book The Internal Organization of Phonological Segments written by Marc van Oostendorp and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a number of studies on modern approaches to phonological segment structure. There are three main sections: (i) a general section, concerned with the basic theory of segmental structure, features, and the organization of segmental structure into feature-geometric trees, (ii) the representation and behaviour of nasality, and (iii) the representation and behaviour of the laryngeal features.
