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Pharmacokinetic Optimization In Drug Research
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Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetic Optimization in Drug Research by : Bernard Testa
Download or read book Pharmacokinetic Optimization in Drug Research written by Bernard Testa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-03-26 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optimization of pharmacokinetic properties has become the bottleneck and a major challenge in drug research. There was, hence, an urgent need for a book covering this field in an authoritative, comprehensive, factual, and conceptual manner. In this work of unique breadth and depth, international authorities and practicing experts from academia and industry present the most modern biological, physicochemical, and computational strategies to achieve optimal pharmacokinetic properties in research series. These properties include gastrointestinal absorption, protein binding, brain permeation, and metabolic profile. Toxicological issues are, of course, also of utmost importance. In addition to its 33 chapters, the book includes a CD-ROM containing the invited lectures, oral communications and posters (in full version) presented at the Second LogP Symposium, 'Lipophilicity in Drug Disposition -- Practical and Computational Approaches to Molecular Properties Related to Drug Permeation, Disposition and Metabolism', held at the University of Lausanne in March 2000.n̓.
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Design by : Dennis A. Smith
Download or read book Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Design written by Dennis A. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-21 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new edition of a bestseller, all the contents have been updated and new material has been added, especially in the areas of toxicity testing and high throughput analysis. The authors, all of them employed at Pfizer in the discovery and development of new active substances, discuss the significant parameters and processes important for the absorption, distribution and retention of drug compounds in the body, plus the potential problems created by their transformation into toxic byproducts. They cover everything from the fundamental principles right up to the impact of pharmacokinetic parameters on the discovery of new drugs. While aimed at all those dealing professionally with the development and application of pharmaceutical substances, the readily comprehensible style makes this book equally suitable for students of pharmacy and related subjects.
Book Synopsis Dose Optimization in Drug Development by : Rajesh Krishna
Download or read book Dose Optimization in Drug Development written by Rajesh Krishna and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-05 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference provides a concise overview of the key principles in dose selection and optimization and demonstrates applicability to recent successful new drug applications. Compiling key issues and current research on safety, efficacy, and clinical pharmacology, and PK-PD, this volume critically highlights the multidisciplinary nature of drug development and spans the fields of pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, biostatistics, and experimental medicine.
Book Synopsis Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists by : Florencio Zaragoza Dörwald
Download or read book Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists written by Florencio Zaragoza Dörwald and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-04 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small structural modifications can significantly affect the pharmacokinetic properties of drug candidates. This book, written by a medicinal chemist for medicinal chemists, is a comprehensive guide to the pharmacokinetic impact of functional groups, the pharmacokinetic optimization of drug leads, and an exhaustive collection of pharmacokinetic data, arranged according to the structure of the drug, not its target or indication. The historical origins of most drug classes and general aspects of modern drug discovery and development are also discussed. The index contains all the drug names and synonyms to facilitate the location of any drug or functional group in the book. This compact working guide provides a wealth of information on the ways small structural modifications affect the pharmacokinetic properties of organic compounds, and offers plentiful, fact-based inspiration for the development of new drugs. This book is mainly aimed at medicinal chemists, but may also be of interest to graduate students in chemical or pharmaceutical sciences, preparing themselves for a job in the pharmaceutical industry, and to healthcare professionals in need of pharmacokinetic data.
Download or read book Drug-Like Properties written by Li Di and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the thousands of novel compounds that a drug discovery project team invents and that bind to the therapeutic target, only a fraction have sufficient ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) properties, and acceptable toxicology properties, to become a drug product that will successfully complete human Phase I clinical trials. Drug-Like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods from ADME to Toxicity Optimization, Second Edition, provides scientists and students the background and tools to understand, discover, and develop optimal clinical candidates. This valuable resource explores physiochemical properties, including solubility and permeability, before exploring how compounds are absorbed, distributed, and metabolized safely and stably. Review chapters provide context and underscore the importance of key concepts such as pharmacokinetics, toxicity, the blood-brain barrier, diagnosing drug limitations, prodrugs, and formulation. Building on those foundations, this thoroughly updated revision covers a wide variety of current methods for the screening (high throughput), diagnosis (medium throughput) and in-depth (low throughput) analysis of drug properties for process and product improvement. From conducting key assays for interpretation and structural analysis, the reader learns to implement modification methods and improve each ADME property. Through valuable case studies, structure-property relationship descriptions, and structure modification strategies, Drug-Like Properties, Second Edition, offers tools and methods for ADME/Tox scientists through all aspects of drug research, discovery, design, development, and optimization. Provides a comprehensive and valuable working handbook for scientists and students in medicinal chemistry Includes expanded coverage of pharmacokinetics fundamentals and effects Contains updates throughout, including the authors’ recent work in the importance of solubility in drug development; new and currently used property methods, with a reduction of seldom-used methods; and exploration of computational modeling methods
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Design by : Dennis A. Smith
Download or read book Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism in Drug Design written by Dennis A. Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-14 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new edition of a bestseller, all the contents have been brought upto-date by addressing current standards and best practices in the assessment and prediction of ADMET properties. Although the previous chapter layout has been retained, substantial revisions have been made, with new topics such as pro-drugs, active metabolites and transporters covered in detail in a manner useful to the Drug Discovery scientist. The authors discuss the parameters and processes important for the absorption, distribution and retention of drug compounds in the body, plus the potential problems created by their transformation into toxic byproducts. While aimed at all those dealing professionally with the development and application of pharmaceutical substances, the readily comprehensible style makes this book equally suitable for students of pharmacy and related subjects. Uniquely comprehensive, the book relates physicochemistry and chemical structure to pharmacokinetic properties and ultimately drug efficacy and safety.
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetic Challenges in Drug Discovery by : O. Pelkonen
Download or read book Pharmacokinetic Challenges in Drug Discovery written by O. Pelkonen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite increased spending on research and development, the number of new medicines marketed successfully continues to decline. The Pharmaceutical industry is therefore focussing on ways to reduce attrition by addressing frequent reasons for clinical drug failures very early in the drug discovery process. One of the biggest challenges is the pharmacokinetic (PK) optimisation of drug candidates tailored and predicted to have appropriate absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) characteristics in human. This book describes how traditional pbarmacokinetic approaches and methods are being re-invented' to meet specific needs dictated by the dynamics of the drug discovery process. The book gives an overview of state-of-the-art tools and their use in the decision-making process is discussed by a number of scientists from leading pharmaceutical companies.
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Biotech Drugs by : Bernd Meibohm
Download or read book Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Biotech Drugs written by Bernd Meibohm and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first ever coverage of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of biopharmaceuticals meets the need for a comprehensive book in this field. It spans all topics from lead identification right up to final-stage clinical trials. Following an introduction to the role of PK and PD in the development of biotech drugs, the book goes on to cover the basics, including the pharmacokinetics of peptides, monoclonal antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, as well as viral and non-viral gene delivery vectors. The second section discusses such challenges and opportunities as pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides, and the delivery of oligonucleotides. The final section considers the integration of PK and PD concepts into the biotech drug development plan, taking as case studies the preclinical and clinical drug development of tasidotin, as well as the examples of cetuximab and pegfilgrastim. The result is vital reading for all pharmaceutical researchers.
Book Synopsis Drug-like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods by : Li Di
Download or read book Drug-like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods written by Li Di and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the thousands of novel compounds that a drug discovery project team invents and that bind to the therapeutic target, typically only a fraction of these have sufficient ADME/Tox properties to become a drug product. Understanding ADME/Tox is critical for all drug researchers, owing to its increasing importance in advancing high quality candidates to clinical studies and the processes of drug discovery. If the properties are weak, the candidate will have a high risk of failure or be less desirable as a drug product. This book is a tool and resource for scientists engaged in, or preparing for, the selection and optimization process. The authors describe how properties affect in vivo pharmacological activity and impact in vitro assays. Individual drug-like properties are discussed from a practical point of view, such as solubility, permeability and metabolic stability, with regard to fundamental understanding, applications of property data in drug discovery and examples of structural modifications that have achieved improved property performance. The authors also review various methods for the screening (high throughput), diagnosis (medium throughput) and in-depth (low throughput) analysis of drug properties. Serves as an essential working handbook aimed at scientists and students in medicinal chemistry Provides practical, step-by-step guidance on property fundamentals, effects, structure-property relationships, and structure modification strategies Discusses improvements in pharmacokinetics from a practical chemist's standpoint
Book Synopsis Optimization in Drug Discovery by : Zhengyin Yan
Download or read book Optimization in Drug Discovery written by Zhengyin Yan and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2004-08-11 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent analyses of drug attrition rates reveal that a significant number of drug candidates fail in the later stage of clinical development owing to absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination (ADME), and toxicity issues. Lead optimization in drug discovery, a process attempting to uncover and correct these defects of drug candidates, is highly beneficial in lowering the cost and time to develop therapeutic drugs by reducing drug candidate failures in development. At present, parallel synthesis combining with high-throughput screening has made it easier to generate highly potent compounds (i. e. , hits). However, to be a potential drug, a hit must have drug-like characteristics in addition to potency, which include optimal physicochemical properties, reasonable ph- macokinetic parameters, and good safety profiles. Therefore, research tools must be available in drug discovery to rapidly screen for compounds with favorable drug-like properties, and thus adequate resources can be directed to projects with high potential. Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods is a compilation of detailed experimental protocols necessary for setting up a variety of assays important in compound evaluation. A total of 25 chapters, contributed by many experts in their research areas, cover a wide spectrum of subjects including physicochemical properties, abso- tion, plasma binding, metabolism, drug interactions, and toxicity. A good pharmacokinetic profile has long been recognized as an imp- tant drug-like characteristic. Pharmacokinetic parameters are affected by many properties of drug molecules such as physicochemical nature, abso- tion, metabolic stability, and so on.
Book Synopsis Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays by : H. Gerhard Vogel
Download or read book Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays written by H. Gerhard Vogel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -A landmark in the continuously changing world of drugs -Essential reading for scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry involved in drug finding, drug development and decision making in the development process -Of use for government institutions and committees working on official guidelines for drug evaluation worldwide
Book Synopsis Reducing Drug Attrition by : James R. Empfield
Download or read book Reducing Drug Attrition written by James R. Empfield and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicinal chemistry is both science and art. The science of medicinal chemistry offers mankind one of its best hopes for improving the quality of life. The art of medicinal chemistry continues to challenge its practitioners with the need for both intuition and experience to discover new drugs. Hence sharing the experience of drug research is uniquely beneficial to the field of medicinal chemistry. Drug research requires interdisciplinary team-work at the interface between chemistry, biology and medicine. Therefore, the topic-related series Topics in Medicinal Chemistry covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e.g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level, structure-activity relationships, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicology and pharmacogenomics. In general, special volumes are edited by well known guest editors.
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetic Profiling in Drug Research by : Bernard Testa
Download or read book Pharmacokinetic Profiling in Drug Research written by Bernard Testa and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2006-03-10 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informatics and robotics are the workhorses of a technological revolution in drug research. On them are based combinatorial chemistry, which yields compounds by the many thousands, and high-throughput bioassays, which screen them for activity. The results are avalanches of 'hits', which invade the databases like swarms of locusts. But far from being a plague, these innumerable compounds become a blessing if properly screened for 'drugability', i.e., for 'drug-like' properties such as good pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior. Pharmacokinetic profiling of bioactive compounds has, thus, become a sine qua non condition for cherry-picking the most promising hits. Just as important, but less visible, are the structure-property and structure-ADME relations, which emerge from PK profiling and provide useful feedback when designing new synthetic series. As a result, the screening, design, and optimization of pharmacokinetic properties has become the bottleneck and a major challenge in drug research. To shorten the time-consuming development and high rate of attrition of active compounds ultimately doomed by hidden pharmacokinetic defects, powerful biological, physicochemical, and computational approaches are being developed, whose objectives are to increase the clinical relevance of drug design and to eliminate as soon as possible compounds with unfavorable physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles. The profiling of ADME properties (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) is the topic of this book. Following the extraordinary success of the previous work ('Pharmacokinetic Optimization in Drug Research: Biological, Physicochemical, and Computational Strategies', Eds. B. Testa, H. van de Waterbeemd, G. Volkers, R. Guy, Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Zürich, 2001, 655 pages), there was a need for an essentially new edition focusing on the latest theoretical and technological breakthroughs. In this unique work, international authorities and practicing experts from academia and industry offer state-of-the-art presentations of concepts, methods and technologies now in use or development in drug research. The biological strategies emphasized in the book include cell cultures, drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters and plasma protein binding. The physicochemical strategies focus on artificial membrane-permeability assays, on solubility and lipophilicity and related molecular properties as factors and predictors of pharmacokinetic behavior, and on stability and solid-state properties. Computational strategies comprize the exploration of property spaces, pharmacophore searching to predict biotransformation and enzyme inhibition, and expert systems to process biopharmaceutical profiling data. In addition to its 28 chapters, the book includes a CD-ROM containing the invited lectures, oral communications, and posters (in full version) presented at the Third LogP Symposium, 'Physicochemical and Biological Profiling in Drug Research', held at the Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) of Zürich in March 2004.
Book Synopsis Applications of Pharmacokinetic Principles in Drug Development by : Rajesh Krishna
Download or read book Applications of Pharmacokinetic Principles in Drug Development written by Rajesh Krishna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an important advancement in the application ofpharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PO) principles to . drug development. The series of topics presented deal with the application of these tools to everyday decisions that a pharmaceutical scientist encounters. The ability to integrate these topics using PK and PO methods has optimized drug development pathways in the clinic. New technologies in the areas of in vitro assays that are more predictive of human absorption and metabolism and advancement in bioanalytical assays are leading the way to minimize drug failures in later, more expensive clinical development programs. of Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics have become an important component understanding the drug action on the body and is becoming increasingly important in drug labeling due to it's potential for predicting drug behavior in populations that may be difficult to study in adequate numbers during drug development. The ability to correlate drug exposure to effect and model it during the drug development value chain provides valuable insight into optimizing the next steps to derive maximum information from each study. These principles and modeling techniques have resulted in an expanded and integrated view of PK and PO and have led to the expectations that we may be able to optimally design clinical trials and eventually lead us to identifying the optimal therapy for the patient, while minimizing cost and speeding up drug development. There is wide utility for the book both as a text and as a reference.
Book Synopsis Pharmacokinetics in Drug Discovery and Development by : Ronald D. Schoenwald
Download or read book Pharmacokinetics in Drug Discovery and Development written by Ronald D. Schoenwald and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-03-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacokinetics has evolved from its origin into a complex discipline with numerous subspecialties and applications in patient management, drug development, and regulatory issues. This expansion has made it difficult for any one individual to become a full-fledged expert in all areas. Fulfilling the need for a wide-ranging guide to the many existi
Book Synopsis Basic Principles of Drug Discovery and Development by : Benjamin E. Blass
Download or read book Basic Principles of Drug Discovery and Development written by Benjamin E. Blass and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic Principles of Drug Discovery and Development presents the multifaceted process of identifying a new drug in the modern era, which requires a multidisciplinary team approach with input from medicinal chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, drug metabolism experts, toxicologists, clinicians, and a host of experts from numerous additional fields. Enabling technologies such as high throughput screening, structure-based drug design, molecular modeling, pharmaceutical profiling, and translational medicine are critical to the successful development of marketable therapeutics. Given the wide range of disciplines and techniques that are required for cutting edge drug discovery and development, a scientist must master their own fields as well as have a fundamental understanding of their collaborator’s fields. This book bridges the knowledge gaps that invariably lead to communication issues in a new scientist’s early career, providing a fundamental understanding of the various techniques and disciplines required for the multifaceted endeavor of drug research and development. It provides students, new industrial scientists, and academics with a basic understanding of the drug discovery and development process. The fully updated text provides an excellent overview of the process and includes chapters on important drug targets by class, in vitro screening methods, medicinal chemistry strategies in drug design, principles of in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, animal models of disease states, clinical trial basics, and selected business aspects of the drug discovery process. Provides a clear explanation of how the pharmaceutical industry works, as well as the complete drug discovery and development process, from obtaining a lead, to testing the bioactivity, to producing the drug, and protecting the intellectual property Includes a new chapter on the discovery and development of biologics (antibodies proteins, antibody/receptor complexes, antibody drug conjugates), a growing and important area of the pharmaceutical industry landscape Features a new section on formulations, including a discussion of IV formulations suitable for human clinical trials, as well as the application of nanotechnology and the use of transdermal patch technology for drug delivery Updated chapter with new case studies includes additional modern examples of drug discovery through high through-put screening, fragment-based drug design, and computational chemistry
Book Synopsis Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-06 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.
