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Performance Evaluation Of Interlayers In Mitigating Reflective Cracking Of Composite Pavements Under Mix Mode Loading
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Book Synopsis Performance Evaluation of Interlayers in Mitigating Reflective Cracking of Composite Pavements Under Mix Mode Loading by : Afaq Ahmad Durrani
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Interlayers in Mitigating Reflective Cracking of Composite Pavements Under Mix Mode Loading written by Afaq Ahmad Durrani and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Installation and Initial Evaluation of Paving Fabric Interlayers for Mitigating Reflective Cracking in Pavements by : Harikrishnan Nair
Download or read book Installation and Initial Evaluation of Paving Fabric Interlayers for Mitigating Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by Harikrishnan Nair and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propagation of cracks from existing pavements into a new asphalt concrete overlay (reflective cracking) is a major problem for both rigid and flexible pavements. Reflective cracking in pavements compromises ride quality and reduces the service life of the pavement. Reflective cracking of the asphalt layer over jointed concrete pavement is a perennial problem in Virginia and elsewhere. State transportation agencies continue to try various available treatment methods to delay or prevent reflective cracking with corrective or restorative maintenance. Some of those treatments include using paving fabric as an interlayer. Virginia has anecdotal experience with paving fabric interlayers, but little well-documented history with which to assess performance. The objective of this study was to establish a performance baseline for fabric interlayers in conjunction with asphalt concrete overlays on existing flexible, rigid, and composite pavements by documenting the installation and initial field performance of several projects in Virginia. Two types of interlayer fabric were used. One of the interlayers needed an asphalt leveling course for placement based on the manufacturer's specifications. As expected, all of the sections with interlayers are performing well. However, most of the sections were placed in 2017 and 2018, and hence the performance data are preliminary. These sections need to be monitored continuously to track pavement distress and performance over time. The cost of using interlayers in pavement ranged from 6 .0 dollars to 8 .0 dollars per square yard, depending on the type of fabric and installation method. Long-term performance data are needed to assess the benefit-cost effectiveness of using paving fabric interlayers in pavements.
Book Synopsis Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Pavements by : A. Vanelstraete
Download or read book Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by A. Vanelstraete and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crack reflection through a road structure is one of the main causes of premature pavement deterioration. This is a widespread problem in many countries and highway maintenance authorities are having to find economic means of repairing and upgrading their pavements. This book is the eagerly awaited state-of-the-art report which considers all different aspects of the subject including assessment and use of overlay systems.
Book Synopsis Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite (ISAC) for Mitigating Reflection Cracking in Asphalt Concrete Overlays by : M. T. Mukhtar
Download or read book Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite (ISAC) for Mitigating Reflection Cracking in Asphalt Concrete Overlays written by M. T. Mukhtar and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To approach the reflection cracking problem in asphalt concrete (AC) overlays systematically the properties of the materials intended to be used in an interlayer stress absorbing composite (ISAC) system were first identified. Various thermal/structural models and laboratory equipment were used for this purpose. A number of woven and nonwoven geotextiles were selected and tested for their engineering properties such as tensile strength, initial modulus, modulus at failure, and percent shrinkage. Several samples of rubber asphalt were prepared by blending different ratios of crumb rubber with various types and ratios of asphalt cements at 400 deg F. These rubber asphalts were tested at different temperatures and the effects of temperature and rate of deformation on their stiffness were evaluated. An ISAC layer was fabricated in the laboratory using the materials considered appropriate. Testing equipment was developed to evaluate the interfacial shear strength and laboratory testing was performed to determine the shear strength of the fabricated ISAC layer under an AC overlay. The ISAC layer was evaluated for its effectiveness against reflection cracking. A laboratory pavement section with an AC overlay over a jointed portland cement concrete slab was constructed and placed in an environmental chamber. A mechanical device was used to simulate thermal strain in the slab and the joint was opened and closed at an extremely slow rate. The testing was conducted at 30 deg F and deterioration in the overlay was monitored using a sensitive LVDT device. The results from the laboratory evaluation testing program indicated that the ISAC layer was highly effective in preventing reflection cracking in a 2.5-in. AC overlay. When compared to a control test section and a section using a commercially available reflection cracking control material, the ISAC layer provided for superior performance. A field pavement test section utilizing the ISAC layer was constructed in the Summer of 1994 and field evaluation is ongoing.
Book Synopsis Reflective Cracking in Pavements by : L. Francken
Download or read book Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by L. Francken and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of RILEM TC-PRC third conference on this subject. Papers from road authorities, engineers, researchers, contractors and manufacturers discussing the implementation and the long term behaviour of overlay systems. The following topics are covered: prevention and cracking assessment, choice and design of overlay systems, practical implemen
Book Synopsis 7th RILEM International Conference on Cracking in Pavements by : A. Scarpas
Download or read book 7th RILEM International Conference on Cracking in Pavements written by A. Scarpas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 1340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the recent past, new materials, laboratory and in-situ testing methods and construction techniques have been introduced. In addition, modern computational techniques such as the finite element method enable the utilization of sophisticated constitutive models for realistic model-based predictions of the response of pavements. The 7th RILEM International Conference on Cracking of Pavements provided an international forum for the exchange of ideas, information and knowledge amongst experts involved in computational analysis, material production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. All submitted contributions were subjected to an exhaustive refereed peer review procedure by the Scientific Committee, the Editors and a large group of international experts in the topic. On the basis of their recommendations, 129 contributions which best suited the goals and the objectives of the Conference were chosen for presentation and inclusion in the Proceedings. The strong message that emanates from the accepted contributions is that, by accounting for the idiosyncrasies of the response of pavement engineering materials, modern sophisticated constitutive models in combination with new experimental material characterization and construction techniques provide a powerful arsenal for understanding and designing against the mechanisms and the processes causing cracking and pavement response deterioration. As such they enable the adoption of truly "mechanistic" design methodologies. The papers represent the following topics: Laboratory evaluation of asphalt concrete cracking potential; Pavement cracking detection; Field investigation of pavement cracking; Pavement cracking modeling response, crack analysis and damage prediction; Performance of concrete pavements and white toppings; Fatigue cracking and damage characterization of asphalt concrete; Evaluation of the effectiveness of asphalt concrete modification; Crack growth parameters and mechanisms; Evaluation, quantification and modeling of asphalt healing properties; Reinforcement and interlayer systems for crack mitigation; Thermal and low temperature cracking of pavements; and Cracking propensity of WMA and recycled asphalts.
Book Synopsis Reflective Crack Mitigation Guide for Flexible Pavements by : R. Christopher Williams
Download or read book Reflective Crack Mitigation Guide for Flexible Pavements written by R. Christopher Williams and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflective cracks form in pavements when hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlays are placed over jointed and/or severely cracked rigid and flexible pavements. In the first part of the research, survival analysis was conducted to identify the most appropriate rehabilitation method for composite pavements and to evaluate the influence of different factors on reflective crack development. Four rehabilitation methods, including mill and fill, overlay, heater scarification (SCR), and rubblization, were analyzed using three performance indicators: reflective cracking, international roughness index (IRI), and pavement condition index (PCI). It was found that rubblization can significantly retard reflective cracking development compared to the other three methods. No significant difference for PCI was seen among the four rehabilitation methods. Heater scarification showed the lowest survival probability for both reflective cracking and IRI, while an overlay resulted in the poorest overall pavement condition based on PCI. In addition, traffic level was found not to be a significant factor for reflective cracking development. An increase in overlay thickness can significantly delay the propagation of reflective cracking for all four treatments. Soil types in rubblization pavement sites were assessed, and no close relationship was found between rubblized pavement performance and subgrade soil condition. In the second part of the research, the study objective was to evaluate the modulus and performance of four reflective cracking treatments: full rubblization, modified rubblization, crack and seat, and rock interlayer. A total of 16 pavement sites were tested by the surface wave method (SWM), and in the first four sites both falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and SWM were conducted for a preliminary analysis. The SWM gave close concrete layer moduli compared to the FWD moduli on a conventional composite pavement. However, the SWM provided higher moduli for the rubblized concrete layer. After the preliminary analysis, another 12 pavement sites were tested by the SWM. The results showed that the crack and seat method provided the highest moduli, followed by the modified rubblization method. The full rubblization and the rock interlayer methods gave similar, but lower, moduli. Pavement performance surveys were also conducted during the field study. In general, none of the pavement sites had rutting problems. The conventional composite pavement site had the largest amount of reflective cracking. A moderate amount of reflective cracking was observed for the two pavement sites with full rubblization. Pavements with the rock interlayer and modified rubblization treatments had much less reflective cracking. It is recommended that use of the modified rubblization and rock interlayer treatments for reflective cracking mitigation are best.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Interlayer Stress-absorbing Composite (ISAC) to Mitigate Reflective Cracking in Asphaltic Concrete Overlays by : Khader Abu Al-eis
Download or read book Evaluation of the Interlayer Stress-absorbing Composite (ISAC) to Mitigate Reflective Cracking in Asphaltic Concrete Overlays written by Khader Abu Al-eis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements by : Mostafa A. Elseifi
Download or read book Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements written by Mostafa A. Elseifi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflection cracks are caused by discontinuities (cracks or joints) in underlying layers, which propagate through a hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlay due to continuous movement at the crack prompted by thermal and traffic loading. If the new overlay is bonded to the distressed layer, cracks in the existing pavement usually propagate to the surface within one to five years and even as early as few months have been reported. Excessive seasonal temperature variations and movements of a cement-treated base layer may also result in shrinkage cracking, which extends to the pavement surface to cause reflection block cracks. Reflection cracking leads to premature failure of overlays by allowing water infiltration through the cracks, which cause stripping in HMA layers and weakening and deterioration of the base and/or subgrade. Since the early 1930s, considerable resources and efforts have been spent to find new and relatively inexpensive techniques to delay reflection cracking. Different methods, including the use of interlayer systems (e.g., glassgrid, stress absorbing membranes, paving fabrics, etc.) and rubblization, have been suggested for enhancing pavement resistance to reflective cracking. Experimental investigations of these crack control treatments indicate that their performances have been mixed and cannot be considered conclusive. Louisiana has experience with various techniques and treatments to control reflection cracking since the 1970s; however, the cost-effectiveness and performance of these methods have not been reliably evaluated. In addition, scientific evaluation and testing of these treatment methods was not performed on many projects. To ensure successful control of this distress and effective allocation of maintenance funds, there is a critical need to assess the performance of pavement sections across the state built with various treatment methods and to determine the most cost-effective techniques to delay or to prevent reflection cracking in composite pavements.
Book Synopsis Performance Evaluation and Technical Requirement of Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite Sticker (ISACS) for Mitigating Reflective Cracking in Asphalt Concrete Overlays by : X. Y. Zhu
Download or read book Performance Evaluation and Technical Requirement of Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite Sticker (ISACS) for Mitigating Reflective Cracking in Asphalt Concrete Overlays written by X. Y. Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to establish the technical standard system of an interlayer stress absorbing composite sticker (ISACS), technical indexes including thickness, mass per unit area, tensile force, and corresponding elongation rate, performance after thermal aging test, and low-temperature flexibility were developed based on the study of relevant waterproofing membrane tests and the serviceability of ISACS. Six samples of ISACS made of three different kinds of materials, including glass fiber, polypropylene, and nonwoven geotextile were tested. The results showed that ISACS made of polypropylene has too high % elongation and very poor thermal aging capacity, ISACS made of nonwoven geotextile has too low a tensile strength, while ISACS made of glass fiber presented very good mechanical and thermal properties. Therefore, it was concluded that glass fiber is especially suitable for ISACS among these three kinds of materials. A technical requirement was also developed based on the above test results and reference to the standards of waterproofing membranes.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Asphalt Interlayer Designed on Jointed Concrete by : R. Christopher Williams
Download or read book Assessment of Asphalt Interlayer Designed on Jointed Concrete written by R. Christopher Williams and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflective cracking in hot mix asphalt (HMA) overlays has been a common cause of poor pavement performance in Iowa for many years. Reflective cracks commonly occur in HMA overlays when deteriorated portland cement concrete is paved over with HMA. This results in HMA pavement surfaces with poor ride quality and increased transportation maintenance costs. To delay the formation of cracks in HMA overlays, the Iowa Department of Transportation (Iowa DOT) has begun to implement a crack-relief interlayer mix design specification. The crack-relief interlayer is an asphalt-rich, highly flexible HMA that can resist cracking in high strain loading conditions. In this project, the field performance of an HMA overlay using a one inch interlayer was compared to a conventional HMA overlay without an interlayer. Both test sections were constructed on US 169 in Adel, Iowa as part of an Iowa DOT overlay project. The laboratory performance of the interlayer mix design was assessed for resistance to cracking from repeated strains by using the four-point bending beam apparatus. An HMA using a highly polymer modified binder was designed and shown to meet the laboratory performance test criteria. The field performance of the overlay with the interlayer exceeded the performance of the conventional overlay that did not have the interlayer. After one winter season, 29 percent less reflective cracking was measured in the pavement section with the interlayer than the pavement section without the interlayer. The level of cracking severity was also reduced by using the interlayer in the overlay.
Book Synopsis Cost-effectiveness and Performance of Overlay Systems in Illinois by : Imad L. Al-Qadi
Download or read book Cost-effectiveness and Performance of Overlay Systems in Illinois written by Imad L. Al-Qadi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite (ISAC) Reflective Crack Relief System by : Joseph W. Vespa
Download or read book An Evaluation of Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite (ISAC) Reflective Crack Relief System written by Joseph W. Vespa and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements by : Mostafa Elseifi
Download or read book Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements written by Mostafa Elseifi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reflective Cracking of Flexible Pavements by : Elie Y. Hajj
Download or read book Reflective Cracking of Flexible Pavements written by Elie Y. Hajj and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes all the findings and recommendations from the Phase I and Phase II of the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) study initiated in 2006 to mitigate reflective cracking in hot mix asphalt (HMA) overlays. Based on the analysis of the various findings it was recommended to further evaluate the stress relief course (SRC) as a reflective cracking mitigation technique under Nevada's conditions. It should be noted that the SRC used by NDOT was not specifically designed or checked for its reflective cracking resistance and only consisted of a 1-inch of the typical Type II (1" max size) dense graded HMA mix placed between the existing HMA and the overlay. This NDOT study revealed promising performance for the SRC when specifically designed to resist reflective cracking. Additionally, for a good overall performance, the SRC needs to be coupled with an overlay mix with a good resistance to reflective cracking. Current state highway agencies' specifications for SRCs were reviewed and are summarized in this report. The review revealed specifications for SRCs in six different states. Four of those states: Arizona, California, Florida, and Massachusetts, specify an asphalt-rubber stress absorbing membrane interlayer (SAMI) which consists of an application of asphalt rubber binder followed by an application of aggregate. Texas DOT specifies a Crack Attenuating Mixture (CAM) which consists of an HMA mix designed according to the Superpave design procedure to a target air void of 2% at 50 gyrations along with criteria for the Hamburg Wheel and the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) Overlay tests. The Utah DOT specifies a reflective cracking relief bituminous mixture which meets the general requirements specified for an HMA mixture except the mix is designed to a target air void of 0.5-2.5% at 50 design gyrations along with criteria for voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), Hveem stability, and flexural beam fatigue testing at optimum binder content.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Reflective Cracking Mitigation Treatments Using the Composite Specimen Interface Cracking (CSIC) Test by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Reflective Cracking Mitigation Treatments Using the Composite Specimen Interface Cracking (CSIC) Test written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: University of Florida researchers developed guidelines for an effective alternative to the asphalt rubber membrane interlayer (ARMI) for pavement resurfacing, emphasizing fracture tolerance and shear resistance.
Book Synopsis Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements by : Mostafa Elseifi
Download or read book Cost Effective Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Composite Pavements written by Mostafa Elseifi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refl ection of cracks in hot mix asphalt (HMA) overlays represents a serious challenge associated with pavement rehabilitation. Since the early 1930s, considerable resources and eff orts have been spent to fi nd new and relatively inexpensive techniques to delay refl ection cracking. Diff erent methods, including the use of interlayer systems, have been suggested for enhancing pavement resistance to refl ection cracking. Experimental investigations in the early 1980s showed that interlayer systems might be used to delay or to prevent the refl ection of cracks through a new overlay placed over an old cracked pavement. Louisiana experimented with various techniques and treatments to control refl ection cracking since the 1970s; however, the performance and cost-eff ectiveness of these methods were not evaluated in many projects. Performance and economical assessments of these various treatment methods present a critical need to ensure successful control of this distress and eff ective use of available funds. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze various pavements across the state in which these treatments were used to establish the performance and cost eff ectiveness of these crack control methods.
