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Perception Of Risk Hiv Aids Infection And Sexual Behavior Among Women In The North West Province South Africa
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Book Synopsis Perception of Risk O HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behavior Among Women in the North West Province, South Africa by : M. A. Eyassu
Download or read book Perception of Risk O HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behavior Among Women in the North West Province, South Africa written by M. A. Eyassu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Perception of Risk HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behavior Among Women in the North West Province, South Africa by :
Download or read book Perception of Risk HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behavior Among Women in the North West Province, South Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The association between the perception the of risk of IDV infection and sexual behaviour remains poorly understood, although the perception of risk is considered to be the first stage towards behavioural change, from risk taking to safer behaviour. Using data from a 1998 South Africa demographic and health survey, the knowledge, the perception of the risk of IDV/AIDS and the sexual behaviour of women in the North West province were analysed.
Book Synopsis Perception of Risk of HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behaviour Among Women in the North-West Province, South Africa by :
Download or read book Perception of Risk of HIV/AIDS Infection and Sexual Behaviour Among Women in the North-West Province, South Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV -- HIV infection -- sexual behaviour -- risk of HIV/AIDS -- sexual intercourse -- sexual partners -- AIDS information
Book Synopsis Drugs, Sex, Gender-Based Violence, and the Intersection of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic with Vulnerable Women in South Africa by : Wendee M. Wechsberg
Download or read book Drugs, Sex, Gender-Based Violence, and the Intersection of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic with Vulnerable Women in South Africa written by Wendee M. Wechsberg and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2010-05-20 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent innovative research has identified key factors that put vulnerable South African women at risk of HIV/AIDS and gender-based violence, including high-risk patterns of alcohol abuse and sexual partnering, gender norms that place men in control in sexual relationships, low educational levels and limited access to employment, poor health care, inadequate housing, and sex work. These studies suggest that targeted HIV-prevention interventions can effect improvement for this vulnerable population when programs remain sensitive to gender and cultural differences and expectations and address the social and economic inequalities that make women vulnerable. Solving these problems on a larger economic scale will require institutional participation and political support for women’s equity, HIV-prevention literacy, and a broader HIV-prevention agenda. This can be accomplished with a multilevel, collaborative response from government, community, and international partners using multiple prevention strategies and fostering sustainability.
Book Synopsis Youth Sexuality in the Context of HIV/AIDS in South Africa by : Karl Peltzer
Download or read book Youth Sexuality in the Context of HIV/AIDS in South Africa written by Karl Peltzer and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dowsett (2003) notes that by far, the vast majority of non-biomedical research on HIV/AIDS has been behavioural research, usually by survey methods, counting people's sex acts, partners, preferences, places, times and reasons for sex, and assessing levels of risk for HIV infection, revealing the dominance of seeing sex largely as behaviours.
Book Synopsis Understanding Women's HIV Risk Perception in Postsocialist Georgia by : Khatuna Doliashvili
Download or read book Understanding Women's HIV Risk Perception in Postsocialist Georgia written by Khatuna Doliashvili and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substantial empirical research has documented that HIV prevention and decision-making are heavily influenced by the knowledge and practice of values and beliefs regarding infection and behavior. Most HIV research is still concentrated among high-risk populations (IDU and FSW), leaving out women in long-term heterosexual marriage who have been considered "safe" and less at risk of infection. In addition, researchers have called for more comparative and cross-cultural studies focused on the interplay of health education, behaviors, context, and HIV risk perception. The objective of this dissertation is to advance understanding of the factors sexually experienced women in Postsocialist Georgia consider important when they assess HIV perceived risk of which they are made aware by messages emanating from the social environment. A conceptual framework that integrates concepts from traditional social psychological theory and the constructs of context-specific factors to guide research intervention is applied. Combined quantitative and qualitative approaches are used to achieve a better understanding of perceived HIV risk and its association with different factors. The testing of relationships from two national Reproductive Health Survey samples (1999 and 2005) demonstrate strong positive associations among increased HIV transmission knowledge, belief in accidental transmission, HIV testing practice, and HIV perceived risk, while controlling for sociodemographic factors. Characteristics associated with social norms and economic factors (including stigmatizing attitudes about the rights of PWAs, constrained attitudes concerning sexual control, and experienced migration) demonstrate a strong significant link with assessment of HIV risk perception. Qualitative research with women strengthens the argument of superficial health education and helps to explain variations in perceived risk assessment. Through the interviews, HIV prevention practice is examined in relation to a myriad of cognitive components. This study finds health knowledge, misconceptions, stigmatizing attitudes, and beliefs in sexual and gender norms among the major factors constraining successful HIV/AIDS prevention practices. An effective strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention will require enhancement of research, more emphasis on an integrated approach to target education efforts, training providers in information diffusion approaches, and promoting a general communication campaign.
Book Synopsis Knowledge and Perception of Risk for HIV Infection, Sexual Behavior Changes, and Contraceptive Practices Among College Women in South Carolina by : Theocharis R. Theocharis
Download or read book Knowledge and Perception of Risk for HIV Infection, Sexual Behavior Changes, and Contraceptive Practices Among College Women in South Carolina written by Theocharis R. Theocharis and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Adolescents ́ Sexual Behaviour as a Risk Factor For HIV Infection by : Tajudeen Temitayo Adebayo
Download or read book Assessment of Adolescents ́ Sexual Behaviour as a Risk Factor For HIV Infection written by Tajudeen Temitayo Adebayo and published by . This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Study from the year 2019 in the subject Biology - Diseases, Health, Nutrition, University of Benin, language: English, abstract: The study examines assessment of adolescents' sexual behaviour as a risk factor for hiv infection in akoko northwest local government area of Ondo state. The descriptive survey design was used for the study. A study sample of 378 adolescents in Akoko Northwest Local Government Area of Ondo State were randomly selected using the multi-stage random sampling technique. Primary data was collected and gathered with the aid of structured, self-administered questionnaire.Clarity of questions was tested by first conducting a pilot study Statistic. Retrieval of instrument from respondents was immediate yielding a 100% return rate. SPSS was then combined with EPI Info to make a comprehensive result that was outlined in the results section. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentage distribution was used to show the distribution of the study population according to selected study variables. There is no evidence of association between adolescents' gender, class, and ethnicity while there is an association between adolescents' age, religion and adolescent sexual behaviour. That majority of the adolescents were aware of HIV, Majority of the adolescents were aware of HIV/AIDS via peer group, Major prevalent risky sexual behaviours among adolescents is virginal sex, Majority of the respondent had their first sex at age 11-13 years, Majority of the respondent had never used condom.There is significant association between the level of awareness of HIV/AIDS and prevalent risky sexual behaviours of the adolescent. Based on the findings of this study one can candidly conclude that Major prevalent risky sexual behaviours among adolescents is virginal sex. That majority of the adolescents were aware of HIV. Majority of the adolescents were aware of HIV/AIDS via peer group. That majority of the adolescents were aware of HIV and mostly
Book Synopsis Association Between HIV Risk Perception and Psychological Functioning Among Malawian Women by : Angela Marie Araneta
Download or read book Association Between HIV Risk Perception and Psychological Functioning Among Malawian Women written by Angela Marie Araneta and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The risk for contracting HIV/AIDS among women living sub-Saharan Africa continues to remain high. Research has identified a link between perception of HIV risk and health-behavior change. Many studies also demonstrate a discrepancy between an individual's perceived risk and actual risk for contracting HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between HIV risk perception and psychosocial factors including: depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and self-esteem among Malawian women. Participants included 60 Malawian women who were queried about perception of risk of HIV infection, depression and anxiety symptoms, and self-esteem as part of the Malawi Health Behavior Survey. The mean age of women in the study was 30.1 (SD=7.9). The majority of the women in the study had completed Primary (Elementary) education (58%) and reported being in a civil or common law monogamous marriage (76.5%). Contrary to the predicted outcome, symptoms of depression and anxiety were positively correlated with HIV/AIDS risk perception (r=.23 and r=.25). Consistent with the expected outcome, self-esteem was negatively correlated with HIV risk perception (r=-.26). Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the relative contribution of each variable (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, self-esteem) to predict HIV-risk perception. The model was not found to be statistically significant.
Book Synopsis Sexual Behavior and HIV Risk in Black College Women by : Melanie P. Moore
Download or read book Sexual Behavior and HIV Risk in Black College Women written by Melanie P. Moore and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black women in the United States disproportionately represent 64% of women with an HIV infection (CDC, 2013). Research is needed to better understand gender and culturally-specific factors that contribute to Black women's HIV risk. The Theory of Gender and Power and the Theory of Planned behavior were used as theoretical frameworks in examining the effect of attitudinal beliefs (gender related beliefs), subjective norm beliefs (peer norms), and perceived behavioral control beliefs (relationship power) on sexual behavior in Black college women. Condom use and assertiveness in sexual communication were the dependent variables. Participants included 136 Black college women recruited through the department of psychology's subject pool and as student volunteers. Results revealed peer norms as a significant predictor of condom use, and agency and gender ratio imbalance beliefs as significant predictors of perceived relationship power. Findings have implications for understanding social and gender related factors for HIV prevention among Black women.
Book Synopsis Gender Differences, HIV Risk Perception and Condom Use by : Judith Lammers
Download or read book Gender Differences, HIV Risk Perception and Condom Use written by Judith Lammers and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spatial Variation and Factors Associated with Unsuppressed HIV Viral Load Among Women in an HIV Hyperendemic Area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa by : Adenike Soogun
Download or read book Spatial Variation and Factors Associated with Unsuppressed HIV Viral Load Among Women in an HIV Hyperendemic Area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa written by Adenike Soogun and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New HIV infections among young women remains exceptionally high and to prevent onward transmission, UNAIDS set ambitious treatment targets. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, spatial variation and factors associated with unsuppressed HIV viral load at ,â•400 copies per mL. This study analysed data from women aged 15,Äì49 years from the HIV Incidence Provincial Surveillance System (HIPSS) enrolled in two sequential cross-sectional studies undertaken in 2014 and 2015 in rural and peri-urban KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Bayesian geoadditive model with spatial effect for a small enumeration area was adopted using Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) function to analyze the findings. The overall prevalence of unsuppressed HIV viral load was 45.2% in 2014 and 38.1% in 2015. Factors associated with unsuppressed viral load were no prior knowledge of HIV status, had a moderate-to-low perception of acquiring HIV, not on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and having a low CD4 cell count. In 2014, women who ever consumed alcohol and in 2015, ever ran out of money, had two or more lifetime sexual partners, ever tested for tuberculosis, and ever diagnosed with sexually transmitted infection were at higher risk of being virally unsuppressed. The nonlinear effect showed that women aged 15 to 29 years, from smaller households and had fewer number of lifetime HIV tests, were more likely to be virally unsuppressed. High viral load risk areas were the north-east and south-west in 2014, with north and west in 2015. The findings provide guidance on identifying key populations and areas for targeted interventions.
Book Synopsis Perceptions of HIV Risk Among African American Women in Eastern North Carolina by : Jasmine M. Johnson
Download or read book Perceptions of HIV Risk Among African American Women in Eastern North Carolina written by Jasmine M. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project involved the collection and analysis of data from pre-and post-tests and five focus groups with 54 community-dwelling, middle-aged African American women in Eastern North Carolina, in order to explore the reasons why these women underestimated their level of risk for contracting HIV. This research was conducted under the auspices of the SISTER Talk Project, a part of the REACH Out Program administered through the Brody School of Medicine. Analysis involved determining African American women's perceptions of HIV risk, reported partnership behavior, and the influence of traditional gender roles on risk-related behaviors. Partner concurrency was found to be a common behavior in the groups studied and increased risk of contracting HIV. Homosexual behavior was also found to be heavily stigmatized and often carried out in secret, causing women to be unaware that their male partners might also be engaging in sexual relations with other men, thereby increasing the risk of contracting HIV. A key finding of this study was that traditional gender role expectations inhibit women from confronting men about partner concurrency and from requesting condom use for protection. The data collected in this study indicate that although educating women about HIV does help raise awareness about risk-related behaviors, education alone is not sufficient to solve issues of powerlessness in relationships due to perceived male dominance, poverty, and lack of communication. Women who are in these situations need further intervention, which would require involving their partners in education sessions and in discussions about HIV risk. This necessary step could help reduce the risk of HIV for both men and women, as well as reduce risk due to traditional gender role expectations among partners.
Book Synopsis Investigating Uganda's High Hiv Incidence Among Young Women in an Era of Widespread Gains in Hiv Prevention and Treatment by : Judith Namanya
Download or read book Investigating Uganda's High Hiv Incidence Among Young Women in an Era of Widespread Gains in Hiv Prevention and Treatment written by Judith Namanya and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines the factors driving risky sexual behavior associated with reported high numbers of new HIV infections among young women in Uganda, using Mbarara District as a case study. Using the modified Social Ecological Model for Young Women's Vulnerability to HIV Infection, the study investigates the contextual and broader structural factors, their interactions within and across multiple levels, and how they influence the sexual behaviors of individual young women in ways that increase their vulnerability to contracting HIV. The objectives of the study are: 1) Evaluate individual-level factors associated with sexual risk-taking behavior, specifically having unprotected sex, among young women ages 15-35 years; 2) Describe contextual and broader structural factors that make young women vulnerable to HIV-related risky sexual behaviors, and assess how these contextual factors interact with individual-level factors in ways that perpetuate high levels of HIV infection; and 3) Re-examine the connection between poverty and other economic factors to risky sexual behavior and vulnerability in the context of high HIV transmission among young women. The study used mixed qualitative and quantitative methods, combining household surveys, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and in-depth interviews.Household survey results show that risky sexual behavior i.e., having sex without a condom, is still high (over 48%) among the unmarried young women ages 15-35 years. Engagement in unprotected sex increased by age, with young adults reporting more unprotected sex encounters than adolescent girls. Those with primary or some secondary education were at an increased risk of having unprotected sex. Surprisingly, women with tertiary education were at higher risk of engaging in unprotected sex than those who had completed secondary education. Negative binomial regression analyses show that women with no employment and those with part-time employment were at an increased risk for unprotected sex compared to those with low paying but stable employment. These findings on education and HIV risk call for a careful reexamination of the link between higher education and HIV vulnerability to inform policy. Education policies and interventions need to focus on curricula that incorporate entrepreneurial skills at different educational levels from primary to college. Keeping girls in school under the protective eye of parents, guardians and teachers is key in reducing exposure to unprotected sex among young girls.Findings from the qualitative analysis revealed that sociocultural and structural factors, including social norms (premarital sex as taboo, early marriage pressures, subornation of girls and women), youth unfriendly HIV services (e.g., long waiting times, rude and unprofessional clinic staff), high unemployment rates, sexual harassment, exploitation by male employers, and discrimination were key factors perceived to drive risky sexual behavior in relation to HIV contraction among young women. The findings show that while many young women, especially those with children, engaged in risky transactional sexual behavior to meet basic needs, many younger women, including college-level ones, did so to meet materialistic wants and to fit-in with peers.Widespread availability of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) caused complacency among young people. HIV was no longer perceived as life threatening due to ARVs, which prevent progression into full-blown AIDS, morbidity and death. In fact, some young women were more scared of getting pregnant than contracting HIV. We suggest that efforts to reduce new HIV infections among young women and young men should target individual risk perception, and balance HIV treatment and prevention messages.Findings reveal a complex mix of dynamic and interacting factors operating at different levels that create context specific sexual behavioral risk socioscapes that sustain or accentuate the high rates of new HIV infections among the young women. Using a Social Ecological Model for Young Women's Vulnerability to HIV as a guiding framework, we contend that efforts for addressing the high HIV infections among young women, including sexual behavioral change interventions, economic empowerment programs, should not only aim at individual women but also target factors operating at the sociocultural and structural levels.
Book Synopsis Understanding Women's Empowerment by : Sunita Kishor
Download or read book Understanding Women's Empowerment written by Sunita Kishor and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report examines the distribution and correlates of two different dimensions of the empowerment of currently married women age 15-49 in 23 developing countries"-- P. xv.
Book Synopsis Toward a Better Understanding of HIV Risk Among Young South Africans by : Anne Elizabeth Steffenson
Download or read book Toward a Better Understanding of HIV Risk Among Young South Africans written by Anne Elizabeth Steffenson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa is in the midst of a severe HIV epidemic and prevention efforts to date have had only limited success. The aim of this dissertation is to provide insight into behavioral and attitudinal dynamics that continue to support the spread of the virus, particularly those that may not be adequately addressed in current prevention efforts. All three papers use data from a nationally representative, household HIV survey conducted among 15-24 year olds in South Africa. The first paper explores the HIV risk associated with concurrency or overlapping sexual partnerships. It finds that concurrency is associated with increased risk for HIV infection among women, but not men, after controlling for key demographic characteristics, risk factors, and sexual health characteristics. The findings underscore the need for frank, concerted messages about fidelity and highlight the need to address contextual issues such as poverty, unemployment, and gender power inequities.
Book Synopsis Ukimwi Ni Kamaliza, the Wasting Disease by : Waithera Karim-Sesay
Download or read book Ukimwi Ni Kamaliza, the Wasting Disease written by Waithera Karim-Sesay and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: HIV/AIDS has affected women from sub-Saharan Africa in disproportionate numbers more than anywhere else in the world. Women are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS infection in Kenya as a result of powerful patriarchal influences that permeate women's lives leading to marginalization and disempowerment in social, cultural, and economic avenues. To address the research questions, secondary analysis of data from the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey was utilized. In this study, it was expected that the demographic variables of age, education, religion, ethnicity, region of residence, marital status, and employment were the independent variables that would influence HIV vulnerability among women. A dependent variable, HIV vulnerability was conceived of a larger concept comprised of powerlessness, AIDS-related knowledge, cultural practices, sexual behavior, and perception of HIV risk. A one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA was performed to test if significant relations existed between the independent variables and dependent variable. Between-subject effects were identified and multiple comparison tests (Bonferroni) were conducted for these variables; plots were also used to visually present the mean scores. The tests of between-subject effects showed that age (F =78.848, p =.000), region of residence (F = 21.452, p = .000), education (F = 130.088, p = .000), ethnicity (F = 13.276, p = .000), marital status (F = 39.002, p = .000), and employment (F = 216.592, p = .000) were all statistically significant. However, religion (F = .730, p = .572) was not statistically significant. It had been hypothesized that religion would play a significant role in HIV vulnerability. However this was not the case, and was in contrast with the hypothesis. In this study, the data strongly suggest that women in Kenya are more vulnerable to HIV/AIDS when they are younger, have low levels of education, are from different ethnicities and from certain regions, are unmarried, and not employed. The findings supported the literature that women's vulnerability is strongly influenced and tied by broader forces present in the society. The results of this study provide a framework for further vulnerability studies based on a socio-cultural framework. Future studies should consider incorporating qualitative research methods in order to get a holistic picture of the concept of vulnerability.
