Perceived Stress, Stress Management, and Vigorous Physical Activity Among College Students

Download Perceived Stress, Stress Management, and Vigorous Physical Activity Among College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (862 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perceived Stress, Stress Management, and Vigorous Physical Activity Among College Students by : Camille E. Yingling

Download or read book Perceived Stress, Stress Management, and Vigorous Physical Activity Among College Students written by Camille E. Yingling and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a public health concern and obesity rates increase from adolescence to adulthood. Therefore, the period between 18-24, known as emerging adulthood, may be a crucial period in the development of obesity. Physical activity (PA) is one component of obesity and levels of physical activity decline significantly during emerging adulthood. Additionally, stress is inversely associated with PA, with greater levels of PA associated with lower levels of stress. While most research has focused on whether or how PA may improve stress, much less has focused on how the experience of stress may be related to levels of PA. The limited existing research with a focus on the latter has found that stress negatively impacts PA. However, even less research has examined the associations between stress and vigorous PA (VPA) in emerging adulthood, a crucial period in the development of obesity. Additionally, research as not explored the potential role of perceived stress management ability in the relationship between perceived stress and VPA. Linear regression analyses were run to examine the relationship between perceived stress and days and minutes of past week VPA among first-year college students and to test whether the relationship between perceived stress and VPA was moderated by perceived stress management ability. In unadjusted models, perceived stress was significantly negatively associated with both minutes and days of VPA, indicating that perceived stress may be a barrier to VPA, but in models adjusted for gender and body mass index (BMI), these associations were no longer significant, indicating that there was no association between perceived stress and VPA taking into account gender and BMI. Moderation of the relationship between perceived stress and VPA was not found, indicating that and that the relationship between perceived stress and VPA did not differ by perceived stress management ability in this population. These results are inconsistent with previous research that has found a significant negative relationship between perceived stress and physical activity. Additionally, gender was significantly associated with minutes of VPA. Possible reasons for the inconsistency of these findings and previous research, along with limitations of the current study and future directions are discussed.

THE IMPACT OF A CONCEPTUALLY BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COURSE ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' MENTAL HEALTH.

Download THE IMPACT OF A CONCEPTUALLY BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COURSE ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' MENTAL HEALTH. PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis THE IMPACT OF A CONCEPTUALLY BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COURSE ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' MENTAL HEALTH. by : Anna Gold

Download or read book THE IMPACT OF A CONCEPTUALLY BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COURSE ON COLLEGE STUDENTS' MENTAL HEALTH. written by Anna Gold and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental health issues are prevalent in the college population and may impact students' quality of life and wellbeing. Physical activity has been demonstrated to improve mental health in a variety of populations, including college students. A conceptually based physical activity course may be an educational opportunity for students. Students who strive to be physical active may recognize the positive impact that it can have on mental health. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a conceptually based physical activity course and college students' mental health. The conceptual basis of this course is to explain what components make up physical activity or exercise, how it affects the human body, and the importance of developing a lifetime physical activity plan. Mental health was operationally defined as stress, mental well-being, and quality of life. METHODS: The 16 - week study took place over Fall 2019. Participants (n = 94) completed online questionnaires for both pre and post course measurements that examined physical activity levels, perceived stress, quality of life, and overall mental health. Physical activity levels were measured subjectively and examined by a 7-Day IPAQ Recall (short form). The Keyes' Mental Health Continuum (short form) addressed students' levels of anxiety and depression. The Quality of Life health survey (12 item) examined students' quality of life. The Perceived Stress Scale (10 item) examined students' stress levels. Descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance (RM - ANOVA) were used to compare pre and post course mental health scores and self- reported physical activity levels. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship between pre and post mental health outcome score. The measurement for effect size was Cohen's d. Statistical significance was set at p [less-than] 0.05. RESULTS: The undergraduate participants included (n = 94; 71.3% female; 71.3% Caucasian; 19.7 ± 1.3 years) 33% sophomores. The average BMI was 24.1 ± 8.4 kg/m2. On average, participants reported participating in 552.8.0 ± 1,298.3 MET minutes of moderate physical activity during the post data collection period, which was an increase of 21.8 MET minutes per week from the pre course period (p = 0.871; d = 0.019). Participants self - reported an average of 1,549.4 ± 2,188.4 MET minutes per week of vigorous activity before the course and only 1,121.6 ± 2,276.5 MET minutes post course (p = 0.119; d = 0.191). It was found that participants engaged in approximately 2,872.0 ± 2,930.8 MET minutes of total leisure activity on a weekly basis upon completion of the course, which was 1,338.7 less MET minutes than their prior active minutes before course (p = 0.001; d = 0.338). Participants scored lower on Keyes' Mental Health Continuum short form post course (M = 65.6 ± 13.8 pre, 63.3 ± 14.7 post; out of a possible total score of 84) but it did not represent any significance within this measured outcome (p = 0.099; d = 0.161). A higher score indicates a higher level of emotional well - being, and a lower score indicates a lower level of emotional or mental well - being. The correlation between pre and post course scores did reflect a moderate, positive association for overall mental well - being (r = .56**; p = 0.000; ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level - 2-tailed). Participants scored lower on the Quality of Life Short Form Health Survey post course, but it did not represent any significance between the pre - post change within this measured outcome (M = 31.4 ± 5.2 pre, 30.9 ± 4.4 post; p = 0.423; d = 0.103). A higher score indicates a better quality of life. The correlation between pre and post course scores did reflect a minor, positive association for students' quality of life (r = .10; p = .322). Participants did not report lower scores on the Perceived Stress Scale compared to their pre - course mean scores (M = 29.7 ± 5.8 pre, 29.7 ± 6.3 post; p = 1.00; d = 0). A higher the score indicates higher stress levels. The relationship between pre perceived stress and pre quality of life scores revealed a strong, positive association (r = .71, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that students were less active post course with minimal change in mental health. Further examination of the effect of a physical activity course on mental health within the college population is warranted.

The Effects of Physical Activity on Coping Efficacy and Perceived Stress in College Students

Download The Effects of Physical Activity on Coping Efficacy and Perceived Stress in College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Effects of Physical Activity on Coping Efficacy and Perceived Stress in College Students by : Karissa Bush

Download or read book The Effects of Physical Activity on Coping Efficacy and Perceived Stress in College Students written by Karissa Bush and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perceived Stress Levels of College Students in Relation to Physical Activity Levels

Download Perceived Stress Levels of College Students in Relation to Physical Activity Levels PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (531 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perceived Stress Levels of College Students in Relation to Physical Activity Levels by : Stephanie Denise Hupp

Download or read book Perceived Stress Levels of College Students in Relation to Physical Activity Levels written by Stephanie Denise Hupp and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Educating the Student Body

Download Educating the Student Body PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309283140
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Educating the Student Body by : Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment

Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Barron's Profiles of American Colleges

Download Barron's Profiles of American Colleges PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780812007831
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (78 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Barron's Profiles of American Colleges by : Barron's Educational Series, inc. College Division

Download or read book Barron's Profiles of American Colleges written by Barron's Educational Series, inc. College Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Handbook of Stress Science

Download The Handbook of Stress Science PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826117716
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Handbook of Stress Science by : Richard Contrada, PhD

Download or read book The Handbook of Stress Science written by Richard Contrada, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[F]or those who are entering the field or who want to broaden their perspective, Ibelieve that this Handbook is indispensible. More than just a contribution to the field, theHandbook may well become a classic."--PsycCRITIQUES "The editors fully achieved their goal of producing a state-of-the-science stress reference for use by investigators, educators, and practitioners with clinical and health interests."--Psycho-Oncology "This is an important book about the scientific study of stress and human adaptation. It brings together both empirical data and theoretical developments that address the fundamental question of how psychosocial variables get inside the body to influence neurobiological processes that culminate in physical disease." From the Foreword by David C. Glass, PhD Emeritus Professor of Psychology Stony Brook University Edited by two leading health psychologists, The Handbook of Stress Science presents a detailed overview of key topics in stress and health psychology. With discussions on how stress influences physical health-including its effects on the nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune systems-the text is a valuable source for health psychologists, as well as researchers in behavioral medicine, neuroscience, genetics, clinical and social psychology, sociology, and public health. This state-of-the-art resource reviews conceptual developments, empirical findings, clinical applications, and investigative strategies and tools from the past few decades of stress research. It represents all major approaches to defining stress and describes the themes and developments that characterize the field of health-related stress research. The five sections of this handbook cover: Current knowledge regarding the major biological structures and systems that are involved in the stress response Social-contextual contributions to stress and to processes of adaptation to stress, including the workplace, socioeconomic status, and social support The concept of cognitive appraisal as it relates to stress and emotion psychological factors influencing stress such as, personality, gender, and adult development The evidence linking stress to health-related behaviors and mental and physical health outcomes Research methods, tools, and strategies, including the principles and techniques of both laboratory experimentation and naturalistic stress research

Female Nursing Students

Download Female Nursing Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (781 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Female Nursing Students by : Sally Jo Tanya Schaefer

Download or read book Female Nursing Students written by Sally Jo Tanya Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to describe the amount of physical activity engaged and the perceived level of stress among women over 18 years old, enrolled in an Associate or Bachelor degree nursing program at a community college or university in the upper Midwest. The study included 68 participants, chosen using a convenience sample. The variables were measured by the Perceived Stress Scale 14 (Cohen, 1983) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short form) (Craig et al., 2003). A demographic questionnaire was administered regarding age, financial and educational status, marital status, care of children, and a short answer regarding stress relief. Findings showed that the majority of participants experienced moderate stress levels and participated in a high level of physical activity.

The Effects of Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Perceived Stress on Perceived Health Behaviors in College Students

Download The Effects of Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Perceived Stress on Perceived Health Behaviors in College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Effects of Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Perceived Stress on Perceived Health Behaviors in College Students by : Marissa N. Edwards

Download or read book The Effects of Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Perceived Stress on Perceived Health Behaviors in College Students written by Marissa N. Edwards and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Health, Wellbeing and Academic Achievement Among Urban College Students :

Download Health, Wellbeing and Academic Achievement Among Urban College Students : PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Health, Wellbeing and Academic Achievement Among Urban College Students : by :

Download or read book Health, Wellbeing and Academic Achievement Among Urban College Students : written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The post-secondary educational environment is full of demands both academically and outside of the direct college setting and as a result, stress is a prevailing concern for college students. Chronic, high levels of stress have been linked to a number of negative health outcomes, such as anxiety and depression, and academic outcomes, such as lower academic achievement. Using a diverse sample of undergraduate and masters students [n=84; mean (SD) age = 22.89 (5.99) years] from an urban, public college, the current study measured students experiences of stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and the adaptive and maladaptive strategies they utilized to cope with stress, including mindfulness (Mindful Attention Awareness Scale), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), and substance use (Rutgers Collegiate Substance Abuse Screening Test). This study then assessed whether these experiences differed for students who were achieving highly (as measured by semester-end GPA) and whether stress predicted anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II). Participants completed three surveys at the beginning, middle, and end of the academic semester. Participants experienced chronic, high levels of stress and a substantial minority experienced moderate to severe levels of anxiety and depression. Experiences of stress did not differ as a function of academic achievement. Few students expressed problem substance use and most engaged in moderate to high levels of physical activity. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that changes in stress and mindfulness were predictive of changes in anxiety and depression. These results suggest that promoting mindfulness and physical activity as interventions in college settings may be beneficial to buffer the effects of stress on anxiety and depression. Future studies delineating the sources of stress and their relation to coping strategies may help to better identify those most likely to benefit from these strategies. Furthermore, HEALTH, WELLBEING, & ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT viii assessing concurrent coping strategies specifically associated with academics would help to further clarify the role of mindfulness and physical activity as adaptive coping mechanisms. Keywords: stress, coping, anxiety, depression, academic achievement.

The Effect of Health Locus of Control and Perceived Stress on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index of North Texas Community College Students

Download The Effect of Health Locus of Control and Perceived Stress on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index of North Texas Community College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Effect of Health Locus of Control and Perceived Stress on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index of North Texas Community College Students by : Jason Wooten

Download or read book The Effect of Health Locus of Control and Perceived Stress on Physical Activity and Body Mass Index of North Texas Community College Students written by Jason Wooten and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Physical Activity and Perceived Stress

Download Physical Activity and Perceived Stress PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Activity and Perceived Stress by : Jennie Locherer

Download or read book Physical Activity and Perceived Stress written by Jennie Locherer and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress

Download The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (24 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress by : Steven G. Aldana

Download or read book The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Perceived Stress written by Steven G. Aldana and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effect of Outdoor and Indoor Group Exercise Classes on Psychological Stress in College Students

Download The Effect of Outdoor and Indoor Group Exercise Classes on Psychological Stress in College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Effect of Outdoor and Indoor Group Exercise Classes on Psychological Stress in College Students by : Raeann Cay Bramwell

Download or read book The Effect of Outdoor and Indoor Group Exercise Classes on Psychological Stress in College Students written by Raeann Cay Bramwell and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Stress is a detrimental external stimulus that can lead to illnesses and disease. College students especially are negatively affected by high levels of psychological stress which is a crucial time for them having new responsibilities. Exercise can be a mechanism for reducing stress, with outdoor group exercise potentially being a more beneficial opportunity to improve mental health compared to individual or indoor exercise. Purpose: This study tested the effects of outdoor compared to indoor group exercise classes on changes in perceived stress and outdoor physical activity in college students. The outdoor group was hypothesized to achieve more outdoor physical activity outside of the intervention and reduce their stress in a greater capacity compared to the indoor exercise group relative to baseline. Methods: Participants were recruited via email, paper flyers, university newsletter and indicated informed consent prior to participation in a four-week exercise intervention. Participants were randomized into hour-long outdoor (n = 7) or indoor (n = 6) group exercise classes held twice per week. Data were collected in October and November 2021 as pre (baseline), mid (after 4 exercise sessions), and post (after 8 exercise sessions) intervention surveys. Measurements included demographics, anthropometrics, perceived stress, and current physical activity behaviors. Mixed ANOVAs with Tukey post hoc tests were used to determine differences in perceived stress and outdoor physical activity levels between the indoor and outdoor exercise groups. Results: Participants (n = 13) were mostly aged 18-24 (76.9%), female (69.2%), and living off campus (69.2%). The largest group of particiapants were graduate students (38.5%) with the remainder spread evenly among grades (freshman, sohpmore, junior, senior). Adherence (attending at least 1 session) and measurement compliance (completing all time points) was low in the the outdoor group (n = 3 out of 7, 42.9%), while the indoor group was fairly high (n = 5 out of 6, 83.3%). Statistically significant differences in perceived stress scores existed across time for the whole sample (F (2, 12) = 48.359, p

Competitive Anxiety in Sport

Download Competitive Anxiety in Sport PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 9780873229357
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (293 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Competitive Anxiety in Sport by : Rainer Martens

Download or read book Competitive Anxiety in Sport written by Rainer Martens and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 1990 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of competitive anxiety research that has used the Sport Competition Anxiety Test, or SCAT (a trait scale), and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), as well as a description of the theoretical basis and development procedures for each scale. The actual scales for both SCAT and the CSAI-2 are contained in the text. Acidic paper. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The Relationship Between Exercise and Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-being in College Students

Download The Relationship Between Exercise and Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-being in College Students PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (185 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Exercise and Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-being in College Students by : Lyn Deyermond Hemminger

Download or read book The Relationship Between Exercise and Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-being in College Students written by Lyn Deyermond Hemminger and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Stress in College Athletics

Download Stress in College Athletics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135412375
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Stress in College Athletics by : Robert E Stevens

Download or read book Stress in College Athletics written by Robert E Stevens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress in College Athletics: Causes, Consequences, Coping addresses the causes and consequences of stress in college sports and offers effective coping mechanisms that will help individuals understand and control stressors and emotions in their environment. Athletic administrators, coaches, student athletes, parents of athletes, educators, and social and behavioral science researchers will benefit from this examination of what stress is, the different types of stress, and what factors can contribute to anxiety. Containing insight from hundreds of student athletes, coaches, and administrators, this vital book offers you proven research, clear explanations, and recommended suggestions that will enable you to cope with stress and not let it affect your job or your game. Examining how both males and females perceive stress, Stress in College Athletics explores developmental differences between the genders to explain the ways in which the two groups react to and deal with stress. Discussing the challenges that you deal with every day, this valuable book offers you several proven suggestions and methods to help reduce stress, including: Using coping techniques, such as physical exercise (other than the sport you play), recreational activities, muscle relaxation, biofeedback, and meditation Doing things for others and looking to your own spirituality in order to alleviate anxiety Eliminating factors such as fatigue and inferior health in order to avoid the negative emotions of jealousy, fear, and anger that can lead to tension and anxiety Learning how to relieve stress in your immediate environment (on the sidelines, in the audience, or during a test) through simple, effective, and inconspicuous exercises Adapting procedures for self-modification of behavior, such as identifying a behavior you want to change, thinking about the result of that behavior and how often it occurs, and reforming that conduct Through practical research, theories about stress and its causes and effects, and insight from peers, this excellent resource offers suggestions for further inquiry in the field of college athletics and stress. Complete and thorough, Stress in College Athletics will provide you with the necessary tools to help you create a personal stress management system that will improve your well-being in and out of the athletic forum.