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Palaeoenvironmental Change And Famine
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Book Synopsis Palaeoenvironmental Change and Famine? by : Rachel Manu Scott
Download or read book Palaeoenvironmental Change and Famine? written by Rachel Manu Scott and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the potential role of environmental change on the diet and physiological health of individuals during the First Intermediate Period (2200 – 2040 BC) in ancient Egypt. Ancient inscriptions from Egypt recount a horrific famine, which coincided with socio-‐political changes that had severe consequences for the population. In the past, it has been proposed that this was directly linked to environmental change, especially low Nile flow. An alternative view is that the Egyptian people were aware of historic environmental fluctuations and low Nile levels, and therefore were able to manage their resources accordingly without enduring lasting biological consequences. It is hypothesised that there will be significant differences in dental and skeletal markers during the First Intermediate Period compared with the periods preceding and following it. The hypothesis is tested by analysing diet as reflected in dental macrowear, microwear texture, and antemortem tooth loss. In addition, non-‐specific biological stress indicated by cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis is examined. The skeletal samples represent twelve cemetery sites from the northern and southern regions in ancient Egypt. Data was collected and analysed from 769 skulls. The samples spanned five periods to detect temporal changes to contrast to the First Intermediate Period. These were the Predynastic period (4500 – 3150 BC), the Early Dynastic period (3150 – 2700 BC), the Old Kingdom (2700 – 2190 BC), the First Intermediate Period (2200 – 2040 BC), and the Middle Kingdom (2040 – 1674 BC). The findings from this research show no significant changes in dental conditions or skeletal indicators during the First Intermediate Period compared to the periods immediately before nor after. Contrary to expectations, the Early Dynastic period stood out as exhibiting differences in multiple markers indicative of good physiological health from the consumption of animal protein, and variety in the diet compared with other periods. These results suggest that the effect of environmental changes over time on the diet and health of the population was moderated by other factors such as the socio-‐ political economy and technological innovations. It supports the supposition that populations can effectively manage resources during recorded environmental fluctuations and opens avenues for future research. Keywords: Egypt, environmental change, dental wear, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis
Book Synopsis A Cultural History of Famine by : Ayesha Mukherjee
Download or read book A Cultural History of Famine written by Ayesha Mukherjee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "food security" does not immediately signal research done in humanities disciplines. It refers to a complex, contested issue, whose currency and significance are hardly debatable given present concerns about environmental change, resource management, and sustainability. The subject is thus largely studied within science and social science disciplines in current or very recent historical contexts. This book brings together perspectives on food security and related environmental concerns from experts in the disciplines of literary studies, history, science, and social sciences. It allows readers to compare past and contemporary attitudes towards the issues in India and Britain – the economic, social, and environmental histories of these two nations have been closely connected ever since British travellers began to visit India in the latter half of the sixteenth century. The chapters in this book discuss themes such as climate, harvest failure, trade, technological improvements, transport networks, charity measures, and popular protest, which affected food security in both countries from the seventeenth century onwards. The authors cover a range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches, and their chapters allow readers to understand and compare different methodologies as well as different contexts of time and place relevant to the topic. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of economic and social history, environmental history, literary studies, and South Asian studies.
Download or read book The Coming Famine written by Julian Cribb and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-08-10 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Coming Famine, Julian Cribb lays out a vivid picture of impending planetary crisis--a global food shortage that threatens to hit by mid-century--that would dwarf any in our previous experience. Cribb's comprehensive assessment describes a dangerous confluence of shortages--of water, land, energy, technology, and knowledge--combined with the increased demand created by population and economic growth. Writing in brisk, accessible prose, Cribb explains how the food system interacts with the environment and with armed conflict, poverty, and other societal factors. He shows how high food prices and regional shortages are already sending shockwaves into the international community. But, far from outlining a doomsday scenario, The Coming Famine offers a strong and positive call to action, exploring the greatest issue of our age and providing practical suggestions for addressing each of the major challenges it raises.
Book Synopsis Food and Famine in the 21st Century [2 volumes] by : William A. Dando
Download or read book Food and Famine in the 21st Century [2 volumes] written by William A. Dando and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive two-volume encyclopedia examines specific famines throughout history and contains entries on key topics related to food production, security and policies, and famine, giving readers an in-depth look at food crises and their causes, responses to them, and outcomes. Famines have claimed more lives across human history than all the wars ever fought. This two-volume set represents the most comprehensive study of food and famine currently available, providing the broadest analysis of hunger and famine causes as well as a detailed examination of the ramifications of cultural and natural hazards upon famine. Volume one focuses upon 50 topics and issues relating to the creation of hunger and famines in the world from 4000 BCE to 2100, including an overview of how agriculture has evolved from primitive hunting and gathering that supported limited numbers of people to a worldwide system that now feeds over seven billion people. Volume two, entitled Classic Famines, begins with famines of the past, from 4000 BCE to 2100 CE, includes ten classic famine case studies, and concludes with predictions of famines we could see in the 21st century and beyond.
Book Synopsis Famine in the Remaking by : Stian Rice
Download or read book Famine in the Remaking written by Stian Rice and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Famine in the Remaking examines the relationship between the reorganization of food systems and large-scale food crises through a comparative historical analysis of three famines: Hawaii in the 1820s, Madagascar in the 1920s, and Cambodia in the 1970s. This examination identifies the structural transformations that make food systems more vulnerable to failure"--
Book Synopsis A History of Health & Fitness: Implications for Policy Today by : Roy J. Shephard
Download or read book A History of Health & Fitness: Implications for Policy Today written by Roy J. Shephard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique and succinct account of the history of health and fitness, responding to the growing recognition of physicians, policy makers and the general public that exercise is the most potent form of medicine available to humankind. Individual chapters present information extending from the earliest reaches of human history to the present day, arranged in the form of 30 thematic essays covering topics from the supposed idyll of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle and its posited health benefits to the evolution of health professionals and the possible contribution of the Olympic movement to health and fitness in our current society. Learning objectives are set for each topic, and although technical language is avoided as far as possible, a thorough glossary explains any specialized terms that are introduced in each chapter. The critical thinking of the reader is stimulated by a range of questions arising from the text context, and each chapter concludes with a brief discussion of some of the more important implications for public policies on health and fitness today and into the future. The material will be of particular interest to graduate and undergraduate students in public health, health promotion, health policy, kinesiology, physical education, but will be of interest also to many studying medicine, history and sociology.
Book Synopsis Droughts, Food and Culture by : Fekri A. Hassan
Download or read book Droughts, Food and Culture written by Fekri A. Hassan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent droughts in Africa and elsewhere in the world, from China to Peru, have serious implications for food security and grave consequences for local and international politics. The issues do not just concern the plight of African peoples, but also our global ecological future. Global climatic changes become manifest initially in regions that are marginal or unstable. Africa's Sahel zone is one of the most sensitive climatic regions in the world and the events that have gripped that region beginning in the 1970's were the first indicator of a significant shift in global climatic conditions. This work aims to bring archaeology with the domain on contemporary human affairs and to forge a new methodology for coping with environmental problems from an archaeological perspective. Using the later prehistory of Africa as a comparison, the utility of this methodological strategy in interpreting culture change and assessing long-term response to current, global climatic fluctuations is examined and understood.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Environmental Change by : John A Matthews
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Environmental Change written by John A Matthews and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessibly written by a team of international authors, the Encyclopedia of Environmental Change provides a gateway to the complex facts, concepts, techniques, methodology and philosophy of environmental change. This three-volume set illustrates and examines topics within this dynamic and rapidly changing interdisciplinary field. The encyclopedia includes all of the following aspects of environmental change: Diverse evidence of environmental change, including climate change and changes on land and in the oceans Underlying natural and anthropogenic causes and mechanisms Wide-ranging local, regional and global impacts from the polar regions to the tropics Responses of geo-ecosystems and human-environmental systems in the face of past, present and future environmental change Approaches, methodologies and techniques used for reconstructing, dating, monitoring, modelling, projecting and predicting change Social, economic and political dimensions of environmental issues, environmental conservation and management and environmental policy Over 4,000 entries explore the following key themes and more: Conservation Demographic change Environmental management Environmental policy Environmental security Food security Glaciation Green Revolution Human impact on environment Industrialization Landuse change Military impacts on environment Mining and mining impacts Nuclear energy Pollution Renewable resources Solar energy Sustainability Tourism Trade Water resources Water security Wildlife conservation The comprehensive coverage of terminology includes layers of entries ranging from one-line definitions to short essays, making this an invaluable companion for any student of physical geography, environmental geography or environmental sciences.
Book Synopsis Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research by : Melanie J. Leng
Download or read book Isotopes in Palaeoenvironmental Research written by Melanie J. Leng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough reference shows how stable isotopes can be applied to understanding the palaeoenvironment, with chapters on the interpretation of isotopes in water, tree rings, bones and teeth, lake sediments, speleothems and marine sediments. The book offers detailed advice on calibration, including a multi-proxy approach, using isotope signals from different materials or combined with other palaeoenvironmental techniques, to enhance the reliability of readings.
Book Synopsis Large Igneous Provinces by : John J. Mahoney
Download or read book Large Igneous Provinces written by John J. Mahoney and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1997-01-23 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 100. Continental flood basalts, volcanic passive margins, and oceanic plateaus represent the largest known volcanic episodes on our planet, yet they are not easily explained by plate tectonics. Indeed, some are likely to record periods when the outward transfer of material and energy from the Earth's interior operated in a significantly different mode than at present. In recent years, interest in large-scale mafic magmatism has surged as high-precision geochronological, detailed geochemical, and increasingly sophisticated geophysical data have become available for many provinces. However, the sheer amount of recent material, often in the form of detailed collaborative research projects, can overwhelm newcomers to the field and experts alike as the literature continues to grow dramatically. The need for an up-to-date review volume on a sizable subset of the major continental and oceanic flood basalt provinces, termed large igneous provinces, was recognized by the Commission on Large-Volume Basaltic Provinces (International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior), and the co-editors were charged with organizing and implementing such a volume. We hope that this volume will be valuable to researchers and graduate students worldwide, particularly to petrologists, geochemists, geochronologists, geodynamicists, and plate-tectonics specialists; it may also interest planetologists, oceanographers, and atmospheric scientists.
Book Synopsis Archaeology in Africa. Potentials and perspectives on laboratory & fieldwork research by : Savino di Lernia
Download or read book Archaeology in Africa. Potentials and perspectives on laboratory & fieldwork research written by Savino di Lernia and published by All’Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa encompasses a multitude of environments and biomes that require specific scientific strategies – from desktop studies to field research to laboratory analysis – to tackle research questions that may range from the emergence of early humans to the ethnoarchaeological investigation. In several areas, turmoil, social instability and security constraints hamper or limit field activities and long-term funded programs. The kidnapping of German colleagues and the tragic death of two local collaborators in Nigeria urge to rethink our agenda and challenge our view of current research practice. This 1st Workshop on “Archaeology in Africa”, organized by Sapienza University of Rome, convened several researches from Italy or Italy-based researchers. The aim was to present and discuss theoretical, methodological and financial problems for Africanist researchers today. In a global perspective, the synergy between research groups is crucial. The need to intensify the national and international cooperation is also an essential step. This book collects a selection of the different perspectives presented to the workshop, mostly focussing from North Africa and East Africa.
Book Synopsis Mediterranean Landscapes in Post Antiquity by : Sauro Gelichi
Download or read book Mediterranean Landscapes in Post Antiquity written by Sauro Gelichi and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of landscape has in recent years been a field for considerable analytical archaeological experimentation. Although the Mediterranean is the home of classicism, it has seen the implementation of projects of this new kind, and in regions of Spain and Italy, after some delay, the proliferation of landscape archaeology studies.
Author :Istituto internazionale di storia economica F. Datini. Settimana di studio Publisher :Firenze University Press ISBN 13 :8884535859 Total Pages :642 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (845 download)
Book Synopsis Economic and biological interactions in pre-industrial Europe, from the 13th to the 18th century by : Istituto internazionale di storia economica F. Datini. Settimana di studio
Download or read book Economic and biological interactions in pre-industrial Europe, from the 13th to the 18th century written by Istituto internazionale di storia economica F. Datini. Settimana di studio and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Food Production in Ethiopia by : Tertia Barnett
Download or read book The Emergence of Food Production in Ethiopia written by Tertia Barnett and published by BAR International Series. This book was released on 1999 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 45 Series editor: John Alexander
Book Synopsis Iron Formations as Palaeoenvironmental Archives by : Kaarel Mänd
Download or read book Iron Formations as Palaeoenvironmental Archives written by Kaarel Mänd and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient iron formations - iron and silica-rich chemical sedimentary rocks that formed throughout the Precambrian eons - provide a significant part of the evidence for the modern scientific understanding of palaeoenvironmental conditions in Archaean (4.0–2.5 billion years ago) and Proterozoic (2.5–0.539 billion years ago) times. Despite controversies regarding their formation mechanisms, iron formations are a testament to the influence of the Precambrian biosphere on early ocean chemistry. As many iron formations are pure chemical sediments that reflect the composition of the waters from which they precipitated, they can also serve as nuanced geochemical archives for the study of ancient marine temperatures, redox states, and elemental cycling, if proper care is taken to understand their sedimentological context.
Book Synopsis Late Quaternary Environmental Change by : Martin Bell
Download or read book Late Quaternary Environmental Change written by Martin Bell and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1992 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting an ecological approach to archaeology this book discusses the relationships between people and environments against a backdrop of climate change.
Book Synopsis Palaeoenvironmental Analysis of Italian Crater Lake and Adriatic Sediments (PALICLAS) by :
Download or read book Palaeoenvironmental Analysis of Italian Crater Lake and Adriatic Sediments (PALICLAS) written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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