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Author : Stilianos Fountas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Output Variability and Economic Growth written by Stilianos Fountas and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Olan Henry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780734016867
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (168 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Recessions on the Relationship Between Output Variability and Growth written by Olan Henry and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yeong-Chun Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (385 download)
Download or read book The Level and Variability of Inflation, Output Growth and Money written by Yeong-Chun Park and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates various long-run relationships among the level and variability of money growth, inflation and real output growth using cross-section analysis based on 90 countries' time series data. The empirical results presented in this paper support the hypothesis that the variability of inflation is positively related to the level of inflation, and also suggest the existence of the threshold level of inflation for the sample period of the 1980s and early 1990s. The results also show that inflation variability appears to have insignificant relationships with the long-run average growth rate of real output overall. The positive relationship between two variables prevails during the 1970s, but this relationship weakens considerably during the 1980s and early 1990s. The OECD group has consistently positive slope coefficients for all considered sample periods. The empirical results of this paper also confirm the well-known proposition that money is very closely related to the rate of inflation, And, overall, the growth rate of money supply does not seem to have strong relationship with the long-run real output growth rate. However, the OECD group shows weak positive relationship between two variables, which appears to be the result of relatively strong positive correlation especially during the 1970s. For the Asian group, one of the fastest economic growth groups, the growth rate of money supply does not have one-for-one relationship with inflation, and has strong positive relationship with real output growth. This paper does not support the proposition of a significant negative relationship between the variability of money growth and the average growth rate of real output. However, especially after 1980, the relationship changes to negative. The evidence presented in this paper shows that both the level or variability of inflation and the level or variability of money growth has positive relationship with the variability of real output growth. This result suggests that we may have to consider an additional welfare cost of high inflation or high money growth (and high variability of those) since they tend to induce unstable economic growth pattern even though they play no important role on the determination of the long-run average growth rate of real output.
Author : Dong-Hyeon Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book The Link Between Economic Growth and Growth Volatility written by Dong-Hyeon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the relationship between economic growth and growth volatility through simultaneous equations system. By employing the identification through heteroskedasticity method of Rigobon (2003, Review of Economics and Statistics 85: 777-792) and using a panel of 158 countries over the period 1960-2010, we find that output volatility is detrimental to economic growth, suggesting that stabilization policies to mitigate short-run economic fluctuations contribute to long-run economic growth. And economic growth accelerates output variability, supporting the feedback effects from growth to the volatility. The evidence is robust to a number of sensitivity tests.
Author : Mr.Sebastian Acevedo Mejia
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484363027
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Weather Shocks on Economic Activity: What are the Channels of Impact? written by Mr.Sebastian Acevedo Mejia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global temperatures have increased at an unprecedented pace in the past 40 years. This paper finds that increases in temperature have uneven macroeconomic effects, with adverse consequences concentrated in countries with hot climates, such as most low-income countries. In these countries, a rise in temperature lowers per capita output, in both the short and medium term, through a wide array of channels: reduced agricultural output, suppressed productivity of workers exposed to heat, slower investment, and poorer health. In an unmitigated climate change scenario, and under very conservative assumptions, model simulations suggest the projected rise in temperature would imply a loss of around 9 percent of output for a representative low-income country by 2100.
Author : Alan E. H. Speight
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (61 download)
Download or read book UK Output Variability and Growth written by Alan E. H. Speight and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tobias F. Rötheli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Output Growth and Output Variability written by Tobias F. Rötheli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the historical trends in the coverage of the related topics growth and stability in the field of macroeconomics. It is argued that over the past 25 years research on growth has quantitatively dominated research on output variability. The article seeks to make a contribution to an integrated study of output growth and output volatility. This integration builds on ideas proposed by Fischer Black. We clarify Black's contribution and show that the variability of output depends on the level of output as well as on the growth rate of output. The study then focuses on the experience of OECD countries since 1970. Based on statistical estimates we document the minimal (or efficient) level of output variability that a country could have achieved over the last four decades. This normative benchmark is similar to the notion of a tradeoff between portfolio return and portfolio variance known from the field of finance. A country's excessive level of output variability suggests necessary improvements in the design of stabilization and regulation policies. The international comparison of countries based on this approach indicates that many (although not all) of the high growth economies have experienced output variability significantly above the efficient level.
Author : Mort David Webster
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Variability and Correlation in Long-term Economic Growth Rates written by Mort David Webster and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantifying the uncertainty in future climate change is an important input into policy decisions. Two important sources of uncertainty are economic growth and technological change, which in turn contribute to uncertainty in future emissions. In this paper, we focus on uncertainty in one type of technical change: productivity growth. Estimates of uncertainty in future growth must necessarily include expert judgment, since the future will not necessarily look like the past. But previous uncertainty studies have taken expert judgments based on annual national growth rates, and applied them to models with regional aggregations and multi-year time steps, and often have made crude assumptions about the correlation between regions. This paper analyzes data on the variability and covariability of historical economic productivity growth rates, and investigates the effect of spatial and temporal aggregation on variance. The results are intended to inform participants in expert elicitation exercises on future economic growth uncertainty.
Author : Brian Mark Doyle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Breaks in the Variability and Co-movement of G-7 Economic Growth written by Brian Mark Doyle and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hippolyte W. Balima
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484324153
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Settling the Inflation Targeting Debate: Lights from a Meta-Regression Analysis written by Hippolyte W. Balima and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflation targeting (IT) has gained much traction over the past two decades, becoming a framework of reference for the conduct of monetary policy. However, the debate about its very merits and macroeconomic consequences remains inconclusive. This paper digs deeper into the issue through a meta-regression analysis (MRA) of the existing literature, making it the first application of a MRA to the macroeconomic effects of IT adoption. Building on 8,059 estimated coefficients from a very broad sample of 113 studies, the paper finds that the empirical literature suffers from two types of publication bias. First, authors, editors and reviewers prefer results featuring beneficial effects of IT adoption on inflation volatility, real GDP growth and fiscal performances; second, they promote results with estimated coefficients that are significantly different from zero. However, after filtering out the publication biases, we still find meaningful (genuine) effects of IT in reducing inflation and real GDP growth volatility, but no significant genuine effects on inflation volatility and the level of real GDP growth. Interestingly, the results indicate that the impact of IT varies systematically across studies, depending on the sample structure and composition, the time coverage, the estimation techniques, country-specific factors, IT implementation parameters, and publication characteristics.
Author : Moses Abramovitz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Resource and Output Trends in the United States Since 1870 written by Moses Abramovitz and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Garry J. Schinasi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Savings Rates and Output Variability in Industrial Countries written by Garry J. Schinasi and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Obed Nyangena
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783330032057
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book The Impact of Weather Variability on Economic Growth in Kenya written by Obed Nyangena and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Raghbendra Jha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Inflation Variability and the Relationship Between Inflation and Growth written by Raghbendra Jha and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the effect of inflation variability and economic growth using annual historical data on both developing and developed countries. The data cover 182 developing countries and 31 developed countries for the period 1961-2009. Proxying inflation variability by the five-year coefficient of variation of inflation, we obtain the following results: (1) For developing countries, there is significant evidence to suggest that when the rate of inflation exceeds 10% inflation variability has a negative effect on economic growth. (2) For developed countries, there is no significant evidence that inflation variability is detrimental to growth.
Author : James Thurlow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (69 download)
Download or read book The Impact of Climate Variability and Change on Economic Growth and Poverty in Zambia written by James Thurlow and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We combined a hydro-crop model with a dynamic general equilibrium (DCGE) model to assess the impacts of climate variability and change on economic growth and poverty reduction in Zambia. The hydro-crop model is first used to estimate the impact of climate variability on crop yields over the past three decades and such analysis is done at the crop level for each of Zambia's five agroecological zones, supported by the identification of zonal-level extreme weather events using a drought index analysis. Agricultural production is then disaggregated into these five agroelcological zones in the DCGE model. Drawing on the hydro-crop model results at crop level across the five zones, a series of simulations are designed using the DCGE model to assess the impact of climate variability on economic growth and poverty. We find that climate variability costs the country US$4.3 billion over a 10-year period. These losses reach as high as US$7.1 billion under Zambia's worst rainfall scenario. Moreover, most of the negative impacts of climate variability occur in the southern and central regions of the country, where food insecurity is most vulnerable to climate shocks. Overall, climate variability keeps 300,000 people below the national poverty line by 2016. A similar method is also used to examine the potential impact of climate change on the economy based on projections of a well-known global climate model and two hypothetical scenarios. We find that the effects of current patterns of climate variability dominate over those of potential climate change in the near future (until 2025). Differences in assumptions regarding rainfall changes influence both the size (to a large degree) and direction (to a lesser extent) of the economic impact of climate change. If rainfall declines by 15 percent, then climate change enhances the negative effects of climate variability by a factor of 1.5 and pushes an additional 30,000 people below the poverty line over a 10-year period. Moreover, the effects of climate change and variability compound each other, with the number of poor people rising to 74,000 if climate change is coupled with Zambia's worst 10-year historical rainfall pattern.
Author : Walter Leal Filho
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030451059
Total Pages : 2838 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)
Download or read book African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 2838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book discusses current thinking and presents the main issues and challenges associated with climate change in Africa. It introduces evidences from studies and projects which show how climate change adaptation is being - and may continue to be successfully implemented in African countries. Thanks to its scope and wide range of themes surrounding climate change, the ambition is that this book will be a lead publication on the topic, which may be regularly updated and hence capture further works. Climate change is a major global challenge. However, some geographical regions are more severly affected than others. One of these regions is the African continent. Due to a combination of unfavourable socio-economic and meteorological conditions, African countries are particularly vulnerable to climate change and its impacts. The recently released IPCC special report "Global Warming of 1.5o C" outlines the fact that keeping global warming by the level of 1.5o C is possible, but also suggested that an increase by 2o C could lead to crises with crops (agriculture fed by rain could drop by 50% in some African countries by 2020) and livestock production, could damage water supplies and pose an additonal threat to coastal areas. The 5th Assessment Report produced by IPCC predicts that wheat may disappear from Africa by 2080, and that maize— a staple—will fall significantly in southern Africa. Also, arid and semi-arid lands are likely to increase by up to 8%, with severe ramifications for livelihoods, poverty eradication and meeting the SDGs. Pursuing appropriate adaptation strategies is thus vital, in order to address the current and future challenges posed by a changing climate. It is against this background that the "African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation" is being published. It contains papers prepared by scholars, representatives from social movements, practitioners and members of governmental agencies, undertaking research and/or executing climate change projects in Africa, and working with communities across the African continent. Encompassing over 100 contribtions from across Africa, it is the most comprehensive publication on climate change adaptation in Africa ever produced.
Author : Simon Kuznets
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (314 download)
Download or read book Economic Growth of Nations written by Simon Kuznets and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
