Organic Light Emitting Diode

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Organic Light Emitting Devices

Author : Klaus Müllen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527607234
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Light Emitting Devices by : Klaus Müllen

Download or read book Organic Light Emitting Devices written by Klaus Müllen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This high-class book reflects a decade of intense research, culminating in excellent successes over the last few years. The contributions from both academia as well as the industry leaders combine the fundamentals and latest research results with application know-how and examples of functioning displays. As a result, all the four important aspects of OLEDs are covered: - syntheses of the organic materials - physical theory of electroluminescence and device efficiency - device conception and construction - characterization of both materials and devices. The whole is naturally rounded off with a look at what the future holds in store. The editor, Klaus Muellen, is director of the highly prestigious MPI for polymer research in Mainz, Germany, while the authors include Nobel Laureate Alan Heeger, one of the most notable founders of the field, Richard Friend, as well as Ching Tang, Eastman Kodak's number-one OLED researcher, known throughout the entire community for his key publications.

Principles and Applications of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)

Author : N. Thejo Kalyani
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081012497
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles and Applications of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) by : N. Thejo Kalyani

Download or read book Principles and Applications of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) written by N. Thejo Kalyani and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Applications of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)explores the ways in which the development of organic semiconductor materials is opening up new applications in electronic and optoelectronic luminescent devices. The book begins by covering the principles of luminescence and the luminescent properties of organic semiconductors. It then covers the development of luminescent materials for OLEDs, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of organic versus inorganic luminescent materials. The fabrication and characterization of OLEDs is also covered in detail, including information on, and comparisons of, vacuum deposition and solution techniques. Finally, applications of OLEDs are explored, including OLEDs in solid-state lighting, colored lighting, displays and potential future applications, such as ultra-thin and flexible technologies. This book is an excellent resource both for experts and newcomers to the field of organic optoelectronics and OLEDs. It is ideal for scientists working on optical devices, lighting, display and imaging technologies, and for all those engaged in research in photonics, luminescence and optical materials. Provides a one-stop guide to OLED technology for the benefit of newcomers to the field of organic optoelectronics Comprehensively covers the luminescent properties of organic semiconductors and their development into OLED materials Offers practical information on OLED fabrication and their applications in solid-state lighting and displays, making this essential reading for optoelectronics engineers and materials scientists

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices

Author : Zhigang Rick Li
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439882800
Total Pages : 813 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices by : Zhigang Rick Li

Download or read book Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices written by Zhigang Rick Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices provides a single source of information covering all aspects of OLEDs, including the systematic investigation of organic light-emitting materials, device physics and engineering, and manufacturing and performance measurement techniques. This Second Edition is a compilation of the advances made in recent years and of the challenges facing the future development of OLED technology. Featuring chapters authored by internationally recognized academic and industrial experts, this authoritative text: Introduces the history, fundamental physics, and potential applications of OLEDs Reviews the synthesis, properties, and device performance of electroluminescent materials used in OLEDs Reflects the current state of molecular design, exemplifying more than 600 light-emitting polymers and highlighting the most efficient materials and devices Explores small molecules-based OLEDs, detailing hole- and electron-injection and electron-transport materials, electron- and hole-blocking materials, sensitizers, and fluorescent and phosphorescent light-emitting materials Describes solution-processable phosphorescent polymer LEDs, energy transfer processes, polarized OLEDs, anode materials, and vapor deposition manufacturing techniques employed in OLED fabrication Discusses flexible display, the backplane circuit technology for organic light-emitting displays, and the latest microstructural characterization and performance measurement techniques Contains abundant diagrams, device configurations, and molecular structures clearly illutrating the presented ideas Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices, Second Edition offers a comprehensive overview of the OLED field and can serve as a primary reference for those needing additional information in any particular subarea of organic electroluminescence. This book should attract the attention of materials scientists, synthetic chemists, solid-state physicists, and electronic device engineers, as well as industrial managers and patent lawyers engaged in OLED-related business areas.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (TADF-OLEDs)

Author : Lian Duan
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128227737
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (TADF-OLEDs) by : Lian Duan

Download or read book Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (TADF-OLEDs) written by Lian Duan and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (TADF-OLEDs) comprehensively introduces the history of TADF, along with a review of fundamental concepts. Then, TADF emitters with different colors, such as blue, green, red and NIR as well as white OLEDs are discussed in detail. Other sections cover exciplex-type TADF materials, emerging application of TADF emitters as a host in OLEDs, and applications of TADF materials in organic lasers and biosensing. Discusses green, blue, red, NIR and white TADF emitters and their design strategies for improved performance for light-emitting diode applications Addresses emerging materials, such as molecular and exciplex-based TADF materials Includes emerging applications like lasers and biosensors

OLED Fundamentals

Author : Daniel J. Gaspar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466515198
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis OLED Fundamentals by : Daniel J. Gaspar

Download or read book OLED Fundamentals written by Daniel J. Gaspar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Source for Taking on the Next Stage of OLED R&D OLED Fundamentals: Materials, Devices, and Processing of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes brings together key topics across the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), from fundamental chemistry and physics to practical materials science and engineering aspects to design and manufacturing factors. Experts from top academic institutions, industry, and national laboratories provide thorough, up-to-date coverage on the most useful materials, devices, and design and fabrication methods for high-efficiency lighting. The first part of the book covers all the construction materials of OLED devices, from substrate to encapsulation. For the first time in book form, the second part addresses challenges in devices and processing, including architectures and methods for new OLED lighting and display technologies. The book is suitable for a broad audience, including materials scientists, device physicists, synthetic chemists, and electrical engineers. It can also serve as an introduction for graduate students interested in applied aspects of photophysics and electrochemistry in organic thin films.

Device Architecture and Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Devices

Author : Sarah Schols
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400716087
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Device Architecture and Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Devices by : Sarah Schols

Download or read book Device Architecture and Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Devices written by Sarah Schols and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Device Architecture and Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Devices focuses on the design of new device and material concepts for organic light-emitting devices, thereby targeting high current densities and an improved control of the triplet concentration. A new light-emitting device architecture, the OLED with field-effect electron transport, is demonstrated. This device is a hybrid between a diode and a field-effect transistor. Compared to conventional OLEDs, the metallic cathode is displaced by one to several micrometers from the light-emitting zone, reducing optical absorption losses. The electrons injected by the cathode accumulate at an organic heterojunction and are transported to the light-emission zone by field-effect. High mobilities for charge carriers are achieved in this way, enabling a high current density and a reduced number of charge carriers in the device. Pulsed excitation experiments show that pulses down to 1 μs can be applied to this structure without affecting the light intensity, suggesting that pulsed excitation might be useful to reduce the accumulation of triplets in the device. The combination of all these properties makes the OLED with field-effect electron transport particularly interesting for waveguide devices and future electrically pumped lasers. In addition, triplet-emitter doped organic materials, as well as the use of triplet scavengers in conjugated polymers are investigated.

Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Author : Jan Kalinowski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420030647
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by : Jan Kalinowski

Download or read book Organic Light-Emitting Diodes written by Jan Kalinowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Light Emitting Diodes: Principles, Characteristics, and Processes presents recent developments in organic electroluminescence and their application to light emitting diodes. In six chapters and complete with an extensive set of references, it describes and illustrates the physical principles of organic LEDs and their electrical and optical characteristics with a wide range of examples and practical studies. The author presents a unified approach to the description and functioning of organic LEDs, based on a comprehensive background of relevant physical processes and provides a clear foundation for the prediction and design of new improved electroluminescent devices.

OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications

Author : Takatoshi Tsujimura
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119187486
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications by : Takatoshi Tsujimura

Download or read book OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications written by Takatoshi Tsujimura and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition specifically addresses the most recent and relevant developments in the design and manufacture of OLED displays Provides knowledge of OLED fundamentals and related technologies for applications such as displays and solid state lighting along with processing and manufacturing technologies Serves as a reference for people engaged in OLED research, manufacturing, applications and marketing Includes coverage of white + color filter technology, which has become industry standard technology for large televisions

Functional Organic Liquids

Author : Takashi Nakanishi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527804951
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Organic Liquids by : Takashi Nakanishi

Download or read book Functional Organic Liquids written by Takashi Nakanishi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to comprehensively cover the burgeoning new class of soft materials known as functional organic liquids Functional organic liquids, a new concept in soft matter materials science, exhibit favorable properties compared to amorphous polymers and ionic liquids. They are composed of a functional core unit and a side chain, which induces fluidity even at room temperature. Due to their fluidity, functional organic liquids can adopt any shape and geometry and fulfill their function in stretchable and bendable devices for applications in photovoltaics, organic electronics, biomedicine, and biochemistry. Presented in five parts, this book starts with an overview of the design methods and properties of functional organic liquids. The next three parts focus on the applications of this exciting new class of soft materials in the fields of energy conversion, nanotechnology, and biomaterials. They study the liquids for energy conversion, those containing inorganic nanoclusters, and solvent-free soft biomaterials. Functional Organic Liquids concludes with a comparison in terms of properties and application potential between functional organic liquids and more conventional soft matter such as ionic liquids and liquid metals. -Examines the current state of science and technology for functional organic liquids -Focuses on potential and already realized applications such as functional organic liquids for energy conversion -Stimulates researchers to move forward on future development and applications Functional Organic Liquids is an excellent book for materials scientists, polymer chemists, organic chemists, physical chemists, surface chemists, and surface physicists.

Efficient Organic Light Emitting-Diodes (OLEDs)

Author : Yi-Lu Chang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814613819
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Efficient Organic Light Emitting-Diodes (OLEDs) by : Yi-Lu Chang

Download or read book Efficient Organic Light Emitting-Diodes (OLEDs) written by Yi-Lu Chang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following two decades of intense research globally, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) has steadily emerged as the ultimate display technology of choice for the coming decades. Portable active matrix OLED displays have already become prevalent, and even large-sized ultra-high definition 4K TVs are being mass-produced. More exotic applications such as wearable displays have been commercialized recently. With the burgeoning success in displays, researchers are actively bringing the technology forward into the exciting solid-state lighting market. This book presents the knowledge needed for students and researchers from diverse disciplines to understand the underlying principles in OLED technology. It begins with a brief history and fundamental working principles of OLEDs. After introducing the fundamentals, it discusses more efficient OLED designs, as well as advanced strategies to enhance the performance. The text covers in detail important areas such as top-emission, p- and n-type doping, device stability, light extraction, and stacked white OLEDs. It also throws light on the current industry practice and major areas of focus in the near future.

Quantum-dot Based Light-emitting Diodes

Author : Morteza Sasani Ghamsari
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535135759
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum-dot Based Light-emitting Diodes by : Morteza Sasani Ghamsari

Download or read book Quantum-dot Based Light-emitting Diodes written by Morteza Sasani Ghamsari and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum dot-based light emitting diodes were assigned to bringing together the latest and most important progresses in light emitting diode (LED) technologies. In addition, they were dedicated to gain the perspective of LED technology for all of its advancements and innovations due to the employment of semiconductor nanocrystals. Highly selective, the primary aim was to provide a visual source for high-urgency work that will define the future directions relating to the organic light emitting diode (OLED), with the expectation for lasting scientific and technological impact. The editor hopes that the chapters verify the realization of the mentioned aims that have been considered for editing of this book. Due to the rapidly growing OLED technology, we wish this book to be useful for any progress that can be achieved in future.

Organic Light-Emitting Transistors

Author : Michele Muccini
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118100077
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Light-Emitting Transistors by : Michele Muccini

Download or read book Organic Light-Emitting Transistors written by Michele Muccini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of the developments and applications of Organic Light Emitting Transistors (OLETs) science and technology This book discusses the scientific fundamentals and key technological features of Organic Light Emitting Transistors (OLETs) by putting them in the context of organic electronics and photonics. The characteristics of OLETs are benchmarked to those of OLEDs for applications in Flat Panel Displays and sensing technology. The authors provide a comparative analysis between OLED and OLET devices in order to highlight the fundamental differences in terms of device architecture and working principles, and to point out the enabling nature of OLETs for truly flexible displays. The book then explores the principles of OLET devices, their basic optoelectronic characteristics, the properties of currently available materials, processing and fabrication techniques, and the different approaches adopted to structure the active channel and to control organic and hybrid interfaces. Examines the photonic properties of OLETs, focusing on the external quantum efficiency, the brightness, the light outcoupling, and emission directionality Analyzes the charge transport and photophysical properties of OLET, emphasizing the excitonic properties and spatial emitting characteristics Reviews the key building blocks of the OLET devices and their role in determining the device’s performance Discusses the challenges in OLET design, namely color gamut, power efficiency, and reliability Presents key applications of OLET devices and their potential impact on display technology and sensing Organic Light-Emitting Transistors: Towards the Next Generation Display Technology serves as a reference for researchers, technology developers and end-users to have a broad view of the distinguishing features of the OLET technology and to profile the impact on the display and sensing markets.

OLED Displays and Lighting

Author : Mitsuhiro Koden
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119040485
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis OLED Displays and Lighting by : Mitsuhiro Koden

Download or read book OLED Displays and Lighting written by Mitsuhiro Koden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the fundamentals and practical applications of flat and flexible OLEDs for displays and lighting Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have emerged as the leading technology for the new display and lighting market. OLEDs are solid-state devices composed of thin films of organic molecules that create light with the application of electricity. OLEDs can provide brighter, crisper displays on electronic devices and use less power than conventional light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or liquid crystal displays (LCDs) used today. This book covers both the fundamentals and practical applications of flat and flexible OLEDs. Key features: Covers all of the aspects necessary to the design and manufacturing of OLED displays and lighting. Explains the fundamental basic technologies and also related technologies which might contribute to the next innovation in the industry. Provides several indications for future innovation in the OLED industry. Includes coverage of OLED vacuum deposition type and solution type materials. The book is essential reading for early career engineers developing OLED devices and OLED related technologies in industrial companies, such as OLED device fabrication companies.

Organic Light Emitting Diode

Author : Seung Hwan Ko
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533072733
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Light Emitting Diode by : Seung Hwan Ko

Download or read book Organic Light Emitting Diode written by Seung Hwan Ko and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a collection of latest research developments on Organic light emitting diodes (OLED). It is a promising new research area that has received a lot of attention in recent years. Here you will find interesting reports on cutting-edge science and technology related to materials, fabrication processes, and real device applications of OLEDs. I hope that the book will lead to systematization of OLED study, creation of new research field and further promotion of OLED technology for the bright future of our society.

Organic Electroluminescence

Author : Zakya H. Kafafi
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420028200
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Electroluminescence by : Zakya H. Kafafi

Download or read book Organic Electroluminescence written by Zakya H. Kafafi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic light-emitting diode(OLED) technology has achieved significant penetration in the commercial market for small, low-voltage and inexpensive displays. Present and future novel technologies based on OLEDs involve rigid and flexible flat panel displays, solid-state lighting, and lasers. Display applications may range from hand-held devices to large flat panel screens that can be rolled up or hung flat on a wall or a ceiling. Organic Electroluminescence gives an overview of the on-going research in the field of organic light-emitting materials and devices, covering the principles of electroluminescence in organic thin films, as well as recent trends, current applications, and future potential uses. The book begins by giving a background of organic electroluminescence in terms of history and basic principles. It offers details on the mechanism(s) of electroluminescence in thin organic films. It presentsin-depth discussions of the parameters that control the external electroluminescence quantum efficiency including the photoluminescence quantum yield, the light-output coupling factor, carrier/charge injection and transport, and electron and hole recombination processes in organic semiconductors. The authors address the design and the characterization of amorphous charge transport materials with high glass transition temperatures, light-emitting small molecules and conjugated polymers. The book covers state-of-the-art concepts and technologies such as fluorescent and phosphorescent OLEDs, various approaches for patterning organics, and active matrix organic emissive displays including their back panel thin film transistors and pixel electronics. It concludes by summarizing future directions for OLEDs in organic light-emitting displays, large area distributed solid state light sources, and lasers using organic thin films, nanostructures, and photonic crystals. Organic Electroluminescence is an excellent resource and reference for stu

Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics

Author : Hiroyoshi Naito
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119146100
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics by : Hiroyoshi Naito

Download or read book Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics written by Hiroyoshi Naito and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive coverage of organic electronics, including fundamental theory, basic properties, characterization methods, device physics, and future trends Organic semiconductor materials have vast commercial potential for a wide range of applications, from self-emitting OLED displays and solid-state lighting to plastic electronics and organic solar cells. As research in organic optoelectronic devices continues to expand at an unprecedented rate, organic semiconductors are being applied to flexible displays, biosensors, and other cost-effective green devices in ways not possible with conventional inorganic semiconductors. Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics is an up-to-date review of the both the fundamental theory and latest research and development advances in organic semiconductors. Featuring contributions from an international team of experts, this comprehensive volume covers basic properties of organic semiconductors, characterization techniques, device physics, and future trends in organic device development. Detailed chapters provide key information on the device physics of organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, organic photosensors, and more. This authoritative resource: Provides a clear understanding of the optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors and their influence to overall device performance Explains the theories behind relevant mechanisms in organic semiconducting materials and in organic devices Discusses current and future trends and challenges in the development of organic optoelectronic devices Reviews electronic properties, device mechanisms, and characterization techniques of organic semiconducting materials Covers theoretical concepts of optical properties of organic semiconductors including fluorescent, phosphorescent, and thermally-assisted delayed fluorescent emitters An important new addition to the Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications, Organic Semiconductors for Optoelectronics bridges the gap between advanced books and undergraduate textbooks on semiconductor physics and solid-state physics. It is essential reading for academic researchers, graduate students, and industry professionals involved in organic electronics, materials science, thin film devices, and optoelectronics research and development.

Introduction to Light Emitting Diode Technology and Applications

Author : Gilbert Held
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420076639
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (766 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Light Emitting Diode Technology and Applications by : Gilbert Held

Download or read book Introduction to Light Emitting Diode Technology and Applications written by Gilbert Held and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent improvements in LED technology have made them as ubiquitous as cell phones. In fact, LEDs light up almost all cell phones screens. The technology’s myriad applications and low energy use have made it nearly impossible to get through daily chores without coming in contact with LEDs. Probable advances include increased ability of the technology to support more efficient lighting and enhanced communications. With balanced coverage of the basics and future developments, Introduction to Light Emitting Diode Technology and Applications takes you on a tour of the LED evolution. The book begins with a brief history of the effort to enable the device that generates light through modern organic LEDs and reviews the fundamentals and principles of light prior to a detailed explanation of how LEDs generate different colors. After forming this basic foundation, the book examines the key LEDs in lighting and communications. It then discusses the latest opportunities and advancements in high brightness (HB) LED technology, solid state lighting, and handheld electronic applications. As we approach a new decade the role of LEDs is literally set to explode, with organic light emitting diodes emerging as a leading next generation technology for electronic displays and lighting. Challenges still exist, including light extraction, luminosity, and white light generation, not to mention non-technical obstacles such as IP disputes and the lack of standards. This book provides a foundation for resolving these issues and developing new applications for LEDs in the promising general illumination market.