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On The Information Content Of Volatility Skewness And Kurtosis Implied In Options Prices
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Book Synopsis On the information content of volatility, skewness and kurtosis implied in option prices by : Gregorio Serna Calvo
Download or read book On the information content of volatility, skewness and kurtosis implied in option prices written by Gregorio Serna Calvo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Information Content of Implied Volatility, Skewness and Kurtosis by : Patrick Navatte
Download or read book The Information Content of Implied Volatility, Skewness and Kurtosis written by Patrick Navatte and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implied standard deviation is widely believed to be the best available forecast of the volatility of the returns over the remaining contract life (Jorion 1995). In this paper, we generalize this result to the higher moments of the distribution (Skewness and Kurtosis) based on a Gram-Charlier series expansion of the normal distribution (Corrado and Su 1996) using long term CAC 40 option prices contract, named PXL. First, we find that implied first moments contain a substantial amount of information for realized future moments of CAC 40 returns although this amount is decreasing with respect to the moment's order. Second, we find that different shapes of the volatility smile are consistent with different distributions of the underlying returns. Based on these results, we also observe that including other implied moments significantly improve the out-of-sample pricing performance of the Black-Scholes (1973) model.
Book Synopsis On the Information Content of Volatility, Skewness and Kurtosis Implied in Options Prices by : Gregorio Serna Calvo
Download or read book On the Information Content of Volatility, Skewness and Kurtosis Implied in Options Prices written by Gregorio Serna Calvo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interpreting the Volatility Smile by : Steven A. Weinberg
Download or read book Interpreting the Volatility Smile written by Steven A. Weinberg and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Information Content of Implied Skewness and Kurtosis Changes Prior to Earnings Announcements for Stock and Option Returns by : Dean Diavatopoulos
Download or read book The Information Content of Implied Skewness and Kurtosis Changes Prior to Earnings Announcements for Stock and Option Returns written by Dean Diavatopoulos and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We explore whether changes in stock return skewness and kurtosis, as implied in option prices preceding earnings announcements, provide information about subsequent stock and option returns through the announcement. We demonstrate that the change in skewness and kurtosis can be related to changing jump risk premiums, where jump risk can be associated with the uncertainty around the direction and size of the stock price response to the earnings announcement. As such, implied skewness (kurtosis) should capture the direction (magnitude) of a stock jump if option prices change as a result of changing jump risk size and intensity. Examining changes in implied skewness and kurtosis preceding over 74,000 earnings announcements for over 4700 firms, we find that both moments have strong predictive power for future stock returns, even after controlling for implied volatility. Additionally, changes in both moments predict call returns, while put return predictability is primarily linked to skewness. Thus, prior to earnings announcements, option prices contain information about future security returns.
Book Synopsis The Equity Premium and the Volatility Spread by : Bruno Feunou
Download or read book The Equity Premium and the Volatility Spread written by Bruno Feunou and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Empirical Study of the Effect of Including Skewness and Kurtosis in Black Scholes Option Pricing Formula on S&P CNX Nifty Index Options by : Rritu Saurabha
Download or read book Empirical Study of the Effect of Including Skewness and Kurtosis in Black Scholes Option Pricing Formula on S&P CNX Nifty Index Options written by Rritu Saurabha and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most popular model for pricing options, both in financial literature as well as in practice has been the Black-Scholes model. In spite of its wide spread use the model appears to be deficient in pricing deep in the money and deep out of the money options using statistical estimates of volatility. This limitation has been taken into account by practitioners using the concept of implied volatility. The value of implied volatility for different strike prices should theoretically be identical, but is usually seen in the market to vary. In most markets across the world it has been observed that the implied volatilities of different strike prices form a pattern of either a 'smile' or 'skew'. Theoretically, since volatility is a property of the underlying asset it should be predicted by the pricing formula to be identical for all derivatives based on that same asset. Hull [1993] and Nattenburg [1994] have attributed the volatility smile to the non normal Skewness and Kurtosis of stock returns. Many improvements to the Black-Scholes formula have been suggested in academic literature for addressing the issue of volatility smile. This paper studies the effect of using a variation of the BS model (suggested by Corrado & Sue [1996] incorporating non-normal skewness and kurtosis) to price call options on S&P CNX Nifty. The results strongly suggest that the incorporation of skewness and kurtosis into the option pricing formula yields values much closer to market prices. Based on this result and the fact that this approach does not add any further complexities to the option pricing formula, we suggest that this modified approach should be considered as a better alternative.
Book Synopsis Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets by : John L. Knight
Download or read book Forecasting Volatility in the Financial Markets written by John L. Knight and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text assumes that the reader has a firm grounding in the key principles and methods of understanding volatility measurement and builds on that knowledge to detail cutting edge modeling and forecasting techniques. It then uses a technical survey to explain the different ways to measure risk and define the different models of volatility and return.
Book Synopsis Market Expectations and Option Prices by : Martin Mandler
Download or read book Market Expectations and Option Prices written by Martin Mandler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a slightly revised version of my doctoral dissertation which has been accepted by the Department of Economics and Business Administration of the Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen in July 2002. I am indebted to my advisor Prof. Dr. Volbert Alexander for encouraging and supporting my research. I am also grateful to the second member of the doctoral committee, Prof. Dr. Horst Rinne. Special thanks go to Dr. Ralf Ahrens for providing part of the data and to my colleague Carsten Lang, who spent much time reading the complete first draft. Wetzlar, January 2003 Martin Mandler Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Part I Theoretical Foundations 2 Arbitrage Pricing and Risk-Neutral Probabilities........ .. 7 2.1 Arbitrage Pricing in the Black/Scholes-Merton Model... . . .. . 7 2.2 The Equivalent Martingale Measure and Risk-Neutral Valuation ............................................... 11 2.3 Extracting Risk-Neutral Probabilities from Option Prices. . . .. 13 2.4 Summary............................................... 15 Appendix 2A: The Valuation Function in the Black/Scholes-Merton Model .................................................. 16 Appendix 2B: Some Further Details on the Replication Strategy ... 21 3 Survey of the Related Literature .......................... 23 3.1 The Information Content of Forward and Futures Prices. . . .. . 24 3.2 The Information Content of Implied Volatilities ............. 25 3.2.1 Implied Volatilities and the Risk-Neutral Probability Density .......................................... 27 3.2.2 The Term Structure of Implied Volatilities. . . . . . . .. . . 29 . 3.2.3 The Forecasting Information in Implied Volatilities. . .. 30 3.2.4 Implied Correlations as Forecasts of Future Correlations 43 VIII Contents 3.3 The Skewness Premium ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 45 . . . . . . .
Book Synopsis Advanced Option Pricing Models by : Jeffrey Owen Katz
Download or read book Advanced Option Pricing Models written by Jeffrey Owen Katz and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2005-03-21 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Option Pricing Models details specific conditions under which current option pricing models fail to provide accurate price estimates and then shows option traders how to construct improved models for better pricing in a wider range of market conditions. Model-building steps cover options pricing under conditional or marginal distributions, using polynomial approximations and “curve fitting,” and compensating for mean reversion. The authors also develop effective prototype models that can be put to immediate use, with real-time examples of the models in action.
Book Synopsis Option-Implied Risk-Neutral Distributions and Risk Aversion by : Jens Carsten Jackwerth
Download or read book Option-Implied Risk-Neutral Distributions and Risk Aversion written by Jens Carsten Jackwerth and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Volatility Information Trading and Its Implications for Information Asymmetry, Option Spreads, and Implied Volatility Skew by : Wei Quan
Download or read book Volatility Information Trading and Its Implications for Information Asymmetry, Option Spreads, and Implied Volatility Skew written by Wei Quan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information asymmetry is a critical element in today's financial markets. While asymmetric information related to directional information trading has been extensively studied in the existing literature, there is limited research and evidence on how volatility information trading impacts the options market. This dissertation studies, both theoretically and empirically, the behaviors of volatility information traders in options markets and the implications of their behaviors on information asymmetry and options pricing. I develop a model in which investors can trade multiple option contracts with varying strikes under an asymmetric framework. I show that volatility information trading is more likely to occur in Out of The Money (OTM) options if the overall presence of informed traders is low or if the relative liquidity in OTM options is better than At The Money (ATM) options. Moreover, I show that due to the variation in implicit leverage embedded in the option contracts, the OTM option contract contains a higher volatility information risk than the ATM option contract in equilibrium. In addition, I show that this volatility information risk differential plays a central role in forming the spread structure within an option series with the same underlying asset. Finally, I show that the shape of implied volatility skew (smile) is jointly determined by volatility uncertainty and heterogeneous information risk across the option contracts. I empirically examine the implications of my theory using US equity options data, including two intra-day trade and quote datasets from the Chicago Board Option Exchange (CBOE). I estimate the Volume-Synchronized Probability of Informed Trading (VPIN) variable to measure the volatility information risk in the option market. I show that OTM contracts, on average, have a higher probability of information trading than ATM contracts. I also document that volatility risk explains a considerable proportion of the spread variations in the US equity options market. Finally, I provide evidence that the difference in information asymmetry across strike prices not only helps to explain the dynamics of implied volatility skew but also has a significant impact on the degree to which a change in historical volatility affects the shape of the implied volatility skew.
Book Synopsis The Information Content in Implied Idiosyncratic Volatility and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns by : Dean Diavatopoulos
Download or read book The Information Content in Implied Idiosyncratic Volatility and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns written by Dean Diavatopoulos and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current literature is inconclusive as to whether idiosyncratic risk influences future stock returns and the direction of the impact. Prior studies are based on historical realized volatility. Implied volatilities from option prices represent the market's assessment of future risk and are likely a superior measure to historical realized volatility. We use implied idiosyncratic volatilities on firms with traded options to examine the relation between idiosyncratic volatility and future returns. We find a strong positive link between implied idiosyncratic risk and future returns. After considering the impact of implied idiosyncratic volatility, historical realized idiosyncratic volatility is unimportant. This performance is strongly tied to small size and high book-to-market equity firms.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Economic Forecasting by : Graham Elliott
Download or read book Handbook of Economic Forecasting written by Graham Elliott and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 1386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly prized ability to make financial plans with some certainty about the future comes from the core fields of economics. In recent years the availability of more data, analytical tools of greater precision, and ex post studies of business decisions have increased demand for information about economic forecasting. Volumes 2A and 2B, which follows Nobel laureate Clive Granger's Volume 1 (2006), concentrate on two major subjects. Volume 2A covers innovations in methodologies, specifically macroforecasting and forecasting financial variables. Volume 2B investigates commercial applications, with sections on forecasters' objectives and methodologies. Experts provide surveys of a large range of literature scattered across applied and theoretical statistics journals as well as econometrics and empirical economics journals. The Handbook of Economic Forecasting Volumes 2A and 2B provide a unique compilation of chapters giving a coherent overview of forecasting theory and applications in one place and with up-to-date accounts of all major conceptual issues. - Focuses on innovation in economic forecasting via industry applications - Presents coherent summaries of subjects in economic forecasting that stretch from methodologies to applications - Makes details about economic forecasting accessible to scholars in fields outside economics
Book Synopsis Skewness and Kurtosis Implied by Option Prices by : Emmanuel Jurczenko
Download or read book Skewness and Kurtosis Implied by Option Prices written by Emmanuel Jurczenko and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Information Content of Implied Volatilities and Model-Free Volatility Expectations by : Stephen J. Taylor
Download or read book The Information Content of Implied Volatilities and Model-Free Volatility Expectations written by Stephen J. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volatility information content of stock options for individual firms is measured using option prices for 149 U.S. firms during the period from January 1996 to December 1999. Volatility forecasts defined by historical stock returns, at-the-money (ATM) implied volatilities and model-free (MF) volatility expectations are compared for each firm. The recently developed model-free volatility expectation incorporates information across all strike prices, and it does not require the specification of an option pricing model.Our analysis of ARCH models shows that, for one-day-ahead estimation, historical estimates of conditional variances outperform both the ATM and the MF volatility estimates extracted from option prices for more than one-third of the firms. This result contrasts with the consensus about the informational efficiency of options written on stock indices; several recent studies find that option prices are more informative than daily stock returns when estimating and predicting index volatility. However, for the firms with the most actively traded options, we do find that the option forecasts are nearly always more informative than historical stock returns. When the prediction horizon extends until the expiry date of the options, our regression results show that the option forecasts are more informative than forecasts defined by historical returns for a substantial majority (86%) of the firms. Although the model-free (MF) volatility expectation is theoretically more appealing than alternative volatility estimates and has been demonstrated to be the most accurate predictor of realized volatility by Jiang and Tian (2005) for the Samp;P 500 index, the results for our firms show that the MF expectation only outperforms both the ATM implied volatility and the historical volatility for about one-third of the firms. The firms for which the MF expectation is best are not associated with a relatively high level of trading in away-from-the-money options.
Book Synopsis The Volatility Smile by : Emanuel Derman
Download or read book The Volatility Smile written by Emanuel Derman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Volatility Smile The Black-Scholes-Merton option model was the greatest innovation of 20th century finance, and remains the most widely applied theory in all of finance. Despite this success, the model is fundamentally at odds with the observed behavior of option markets: a graph of implied volatilities against strike will typically display a curve or skew, which practitioners refer to as the smile, and which the model cannot explain. Option valuation is not a solved problem, and the past forty years have witnessed an abundance of new models that try to reconcile theory with markets. The Volatility Smile presents a unified treatment of the Black-Scholes-Merton model and the more advanced models that have replaced it. It is also a book about the principles of financial valuation and how to apply them. Celebrated author and quant Emanuel Derman and Michael B. Miller explain not just the mathematics but the ideas behind the models. By examining the foundations, the implementation, and the pros and cons of various models, and by carefully exploring their derivations and their assumptions, readers will learn not only how to handle the volatility smile but how to evaluate and build their own financial models. Topics covered include: The principles of valuation Static and dynamic replication The Black-Scholes-Merton model Hedging strategies Transaction costs The behavior of the volatility smile Implied distributions Local volatility models Stochastic volatility models Jump-diffusion models The first half of the book, Chapters 1 through 13, can serve as a standalone textbook for a course on option valuation and the Black-Scholes-Merton model, presenting the principles of financial modeling, several derivations of the model, and a detailed discussion of how it is used in practice. The second half focuses on the behavior of the volatility smile, and, in conjunction with the first half, can be used for as the basis for a more advanced course.
