On Conditionals Again

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On Conditionals Again

Author : Angeliki Athanasiadou
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902723647X
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis On Conditionals Again by : Angeliki Athanasiadou

Download or read book On Conditionals Again written by Angeliki Athanasiadou and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume brings together a selection of papers from a symposium on Conditionality held in the University of Duisburg on 25-26 March 1994. Ten years after the Stanford symposium, the Proceedings of which were edited by Traugott et al. (1986), the area of conditionality is revisited in a synthesis of issues and aspects with insights drawn from the wider framework of general processes of conceptualisation. One major question is therefore what conceptual categories fall under conditionality or how far the notion of conditionality can be extended. The volume represents the up-to-date research on most aspects of conditionality some of which include the relationship between conditionality, hypotheticality and counterfactuality, polarity, historical perspectives, concessives, the acquisition of conditionals.

On Conditionals in the Greek Pentateuch

Author : Anwar Tjen
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 0567575462
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (675 download)

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Book Synopsis On Conditionals in the Greek Pentateuch by : Anwar Tjen

Download or read book On Conditionals in the Greek Pentateuch written by Anwar Tjen and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2010-07-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines conditionals in the Greek Pentateuch from the point of view of the study of translation syntax. It takes seriously into account the double character of Septuagintal Greek, both as a translation from Hebrew and as vernacular Greek. Methodologically, the underlying Hebrew is taken as the point of departure in close comparison with the resultant translation, with the purpose of examining major features in the translators? handling of this complex construction. These include the rendering of verbal and non-verbal forms in the protasis and apodosis, the question of sense-division between the two constituent clauses, the influence of genre or discourse type and interference from the underlying form or structure. Detailed analyses of the resultant translation displays features that are natural Greek, on the one hand, and features that betray the character of "translation-language", on the other hand, owing to interference from the source text. The latter manifests itself most conspicuously in renderings that are ungrammatical or unnatural, and, in a more subtle way, through equivalents which are grammatically acceptable but occur with a strikingly high frequency in the Septuagint as compared with original Greek compositions contemporary with the Septuagint.

Conditionals

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262264439
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Conditionals by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Conditionals written by Nicholas Rescher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-05-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unified treatment of conditionals based on epistemological principles rather than the semantical principles in vogue over recent decades. This book by distinguished philosopher Nicholas Rescher seeks to clarify the idea of what a conditional says by elucidating the information that is normally transmitted by its utterance. The result is a unified treatment of conditionals based on epistemological principles rather than the semantical principles in vogue over recent decades. This approach, argues Rescher, makes it easier to understand how conditionals actually function in our thought and discourse. In its concern with what language theorists call pragmatics—the study of the norms and principles governing our use of language in conveying information—Conditionals steps beyond the limits of logic as traditionally understood and moves into the realm claimed by theorists of artificial intelligence as they try to simulate our actual information-processing practices. The book's treatment of counterfactuals essentially revives an epistemological approach proposed by F. P. Ramsey in the 1920s and developed by Rescher himself in the 1960s but since overshadowed by the now-dominant possible-worlds approach. Rescher argues that the increasingly evident liabilities of the possible-worlds strategy make a reappraisal of the older style of analysis both timely and desirable. As the book makes clear, an epistemological approach demonstrates that counterfactual reasoning, unlike inductive inference, is not a matter of abstract reasoning alone but one of good judgment and common sense.

Conditionals

Author : Renaat Declerck
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110851741
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Conditionals by : Renaat Declerck

Download or read book Conditionals written by Renaat Declerck and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-08-09 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an extremely detailed and comprehensive examination of conditional sentences in English, using many examples from actual language-use. The syntax and semantics of conditionals (including tense and mood options) and the functions of conditionals in discourse are examined in depth, producing an all-round linguistic view of the subject which contains a wealth of original observations and analyses. Not only linguists specializing in grammar but also those interested in pragmatics and the philosophy of language will find this book a rewarding and illuminating source.

Pragmatics of Conditional Marking

Author : Scott Schwenter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113568166X
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Pragmatics of Conditional Marking by : Scott Schwenter

Download or read book Pragmatics of Conditional Marking written by Scott Schwenter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1999. This book investigates the meaning of conditional protasis markers like Spanish si 'if' and English if from a pragmatic perspective. A standard assumption in linguistics is that these words encode as part of their semantics notions like hypothetical, irrealis, or, from the speaker's point of view, uncertain, as in constructed examples like (la), where speaker B is unsure whether the proposition she's eating is true or not.

Context, Cognition and Conditionals

Author : Chi-Hé Elder
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030137996
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Context, Cognition and Conditionals by : Chi-Hé Elder

Download or read book Context, Cognition and Conditionals written by Chi-Hé Elder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a semantic theory of conditionals that can account for (i) the variability in usages that conditional sentences can be put; and (ii) both conditional sentences of the form ‘if p, q’ and those conditional thoughts that are expressed without using ‘if’. It presents theoretical arguments as well as empirical evidence from English and other languages in support of the thesis that an adequate study of conditionals has to go beyond an analysis of specific sentence forms or lexical items. The resulting perspective on conditionals is one in which conditionality is located at a higher level than that of the sentence; namely, at the level of thought. The author argues that it is only through adopting such a perspective, and with it, a commitment to context-dependent semantics, that we can successfully represent conditional utterances as they are used and understood by ordinary language users. It will be of interest to students and scholars working on the semantics of conditionals in the fields of linguistics (especially semantics and pragmatics) and philosophy of language.

Conversation and Conditionals Again

Author : Carol Winifred Slater
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Conversation and Conditionals Again by : Carol Winifred Slater

Download or read book Conversation and Conditionals Again written by Carol Winifred Slater and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Coding the Hypothetical

Author : Jane F. Hacking
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027230412
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Coding the Hypothetical by : Jane F. Hacking

Download or read book Coding the Hypothetical written by Jane F. Hacking and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conditionals encode speculation. They convey how events could have been different in the past or present, or might be different in the future if particular conditions had been or will be met. While all languages afford the means to speculate or hypothesize about possible events, the ways in which they do so vary. This work explores some of this variation through an analysis of the stucture and semantics of complex conditional sentences in Russian and Macedonian. It addresses typological questions about the general properties of natural language conditionals and examines the role of the grammatical categories tense, aspect, mood and status in the coding of conditional meaning. The book also discusses the relationship between the use of these categories and the shape of a language's conditional system. For example, the use of tense in counterfactual contexts in Macedonian correlates with the grammaticalization of more shades of conditional meaning than are grammaticalized in Russian, which does not employ tense forms in this way. The study draws on data from a rich variety of sources and thus includes kinds of conditionals overlooked in many other studies. The book addresses issues of concern to Slavists and raises questions for those interested in conditionals and the coding of hypothetical meaning.

Task-based grammar teaching of English

Author : Susanne Niemeier
Publisher : Narr Francke Attempto Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3823391305
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Task-based grammar teaching of English by : Susanne Niemeier

Download or read book Task-based grammar teaching of English written by Susanne Niemeier and published by Narr Francke Attempto Verlag. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus on communication in TBLT often comes at the expense of form. In this book, the task-based approach is enhanced and coupled with insights into (cognitive) grammar, an approach which sees grammar as meaningful. The book shows how grammar teaching can be integrated into a communicative lesson in a non-explicit way, i.e., "by the backdoor". The learners are involved in situations that they may also encounter outside their classrooms and they are given communicative tasks they are to work on and solve, usually with a partner or in small groups. What teachers need to invest for preparing such lessons is their own creativity, as they have to come up with communicative situations which guide the learners into using a specific grammatical structure. The book first discusses the didactic and the linguistic theories involved and then translates these theoretical perspectives into actual teaching practice, focusing on the following grammatical phenomena: tense, aspect, modality, conditionals, passive voice, prepositions, phrasal verbs, verb complementation, pronouns and articles.

The Conceptualization of Counterfactuality in L1 and L2

Author : Isabel Repiso
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1501507729
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Conceptualization of Counterfactuality in L1 and L2 by : Isabel Repiso

Download or read book The Conceptualization of Counterfactuality in L1 and L2 written by Isabel Repiso and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterfactual thinking is a universal cognitive process in which reality is compared to an imagined view of what might have been. This type of reasoning is at the center of daily operations, as decision-making, risk preventability or blame assignment. More generally, non-factual scenarios have been defined as a crucial ingredient of desire and modern love. If the areas covered by this reasoning are so varied, the L2 learner will be led to express 'what might have been' at some point of her acquisitional itinerary. How is this reasoning expressed in French, Spanish and Italian? By the use of what lexical, syntactic and grammatical devices? Will the learner combine these devices as the native French speakers do? What are the L1 features likely to fossilize in the L2 grammar? What are the information principles governing a communicative task based on the production of counterfactual scenarios? These are some of the questions addressed by the present volume.

Semantics - Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases

Author : Paul Portner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110589443
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Semantics - Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases by : Paul Portner

Download or read book Semantics - Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases written by Paul Portner and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gain a deeper understanding of essential research on the semantics of noun phrases and verb phrases. Clear explanations of significant recent research bring complex issues to life, with expert guidance on topics of debate within the field. The book gives readers valuable insights into topics such as definiteness, specificity, genericity aspect, aktionsart and mood. It also discusses directions for future research. Written by a world-class team of authors, these highly cited articles are here in paperback for the first time since their original publication. An essential reference for researchers in the area.

A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals

Author : Jonathan Bennett
Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 019153174X
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals by : Jonathan Bennett

Download or read book A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals written by Jonathan Bennett and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2003-04-03 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conditional sentences are among the most intriguing and puzzling features of language: analysis of their meaning and function has important implications for, and uses in, many areas of philosophy. Jonathan Bennett, one of the world's leading experts, distils many years' work and teaching into this Philosophical Guide to Conditionals, the fullest and most authoritative treatment of the subject. The literature on conditionals is difficult - needlessly so. Bennett's treatment is meticulously careful and luminously clear. He presents and evaluates in detail various approaches to the understanding of 'indicative' conditionals (like 'If Shakespeare didn't write Hamlet, some aristocrat did') and 'subjunctive' conditionals (like 'If rabbits had not been deliberately introduced into New Zealand, there would be none there today'); and he offers his own view, which will be recognized as a major original contribution to the subject. Journeying through this intellectual territory brings one into contact with the metaphysics of possible worlds, probability and belief-change, probability and logic, the pragmatics of conversation, determinism, ambiguity, vagueness, the law of excluded middle, facts versus events, and more. One might perhaps learn more philosophy from a thorough study of conditionals than from any other kind of work. Bennett's Guide is an ideal introduction for undergraduates with a philosophical grounding, and will also be a rich source of illumination and stimulation for graduate students and professional philosophers.

Language Typology and Language Universals 2.Teilband

Author : Martin Haspelmath
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110194260
Total Pages : 1013 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Typology and Language Universals 2.Teilband by : Martin Haspelmath

Download or read book Language Typology and Language Universals 2.Teilband written by Martin Haspelmath and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-07-14 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive and thorough survey of our current insights into the diversity and unity found across the 6000 languages of this planet. The 125 articles include inter alia chapters on the patterns and limits of variation manifested by analogous structures, constructions and linguistic devices across languages (e.g. word order, tense and aspect, inflection, color terms and syllable structure). Other chapters cover the history, methodology and the theory of typology, as well as the relationship between language typology and other disciplines. The authors of the individual sections and chapters are for the most part internationally known experts on the relevant topics. The vast majority of the articles are written in English, some in French or German. The handbook is not only intended for the expert in the fields of typology and language universals, but for all of those interested in linguistics. It is specifically addressed to all those who specialize in individual languages, providing basic orientation for their analysis and placing each language within the space of what is possible and common in the languages of the world.

Cognitive Paths Into the Slavic Domain

Author : Dagmar Divjak
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 9783110196207
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (962 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Paths Into the Slavic Domain by : Dagmar Divjak

Download or read book Cognitive Paths Into the Slavic Domain written by Dagmar Divjak and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2007 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume presents an overview of recent cognitive linguistic research on Slavic languages. Slavic languages, with their rich inflectional morphology in both the nominal and the verbal system, provide an important testing ground for a linguistic theory that seeks to motivate linguistic structure. Therefore, the volume touches upon a wide range of phenomena: it addresses issues related to the semantics of grammatical case, tense, aspect, voice and word order, it looks into grammaticalization and language change and discusses sound symbolism. At the same time, the analyses presented address a variety of theoretically important issues. Take for example the role of virtual entities in language or that of iconic motivation in grammar, the importance of metaphor for grammaticalization or that of subjectification for motivating synchronic polysemy and diachronic language change, as well as the myriad of patterns available to encode events in a non-canonical way or to convey the speaker's epistemic stance with respect to the communicated content. In addition, the analyses are couched in a variety of cognitive linguistic frameworks, such as cognitive grammar, mental space theory, construction grammar, frame semantics, grammaticalization theory, as well as prototype semantics. All in all, the analyses presented in this volume enrich the understanding of established aspects of the cognitive model of language and may serve as catalysts for their further development and refinement, making the volume a worthwhile read for Slavic and cognitive linguists alike.

Constructions in Cognitive Linguistics

Author : Ad Foolen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027236844
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructions in Cognitive Linguistics by : Ad Foolen

Download or read book Constructions in Cognitive Linguistics written by Ad Foolen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains selected papers from the 5th ICLC, Amsterdam 1997. The papers present cognitive analyses of a variety of constructions (phrasal verbs, prepositional phrases, transitivity, accusative versus dative objects, possessives, gerunds, passives, causatives, conditionals), in a variety of languages (English, German, Dutch, Polish, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Thai, Fijian). Besides analyses of 'objective construal', the volume reflects the increasing interest in subjectivity (grounding and speaker involvement). It also includes, lastly, contributions on the acquisition and agrammatic loss of constructions.

What is Applied Cognitive Linguistics?

Author : Andrea Tyler
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110572184
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Applied Cognitive Linguistics? by : Andrea Tyler

Download or read book What is Applied Cognitive Linguistics? written by Andrea Tyler and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many SLA professionals remain unaware of what CL and Applied Cognitive Linguistics are and of the tremendous potential these approaches offer for our understanding of L2 learning and pedagogy. The volume addresses this gap by presenting theoretically-grounded, empirically-based studies which illustrate the application of key concepts of CL and demonstrate the efficacy of using the concepts in the classroom or in basic L2 research.

Language and Discipline Perspectives on Academic Discourse

Author : Kjersti Fløttum
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 144381024X
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Language and Discipline Perspectives on Academic Discourse by : Kjersti Fløttum

Download or read book Language and Discipline Perspectives on Academic Discourse written by Kjersti Fløttum and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05-05 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the physical outcome of the symposium “Academic Voices in Contrast”, organised at the University of Bergen, Norway, in May 2006. The symposium, focusing on recent research within the field of academic discourse, was initiated and organised by the KIAP project (Cultural Identity in Academic Prose; see www.uib.no/kiap/). In this project, a special focus has been put on the study of the voice(s) of the academic author, in the doubly contrastive perspective of language and discipline. A narrow selection of distinguished scholars were invited to participate at the symposium. They were asked to address issues related to “traditional” linguistic versus contextual approaches or to interlingual and interdisciplinary similarities and differences in academic discourse. By the papers of the following, the symposium and the present book constitute a clear advancement of the research on academic discourse: M. A. A. Ariza, L. Berge, M. Bondi, S. V. Bonn, S. Carter-Thomas, T. Dahl, K. Fløttum, A. M. Gjesdal, F. Grossmann, K. Hyland, T. Kinn, L. Lundquist, A. Mauranen, M. Pabón, E. Rowley-Jolivet, F. Salager-Meyer, P. Shaw, J. M. Swales, J.L. Tønnesson, E. T. Vold, F. Wirth.