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Nominal Anchoring
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Download or read book Nominal anchoring written by Kata Balogh and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume address to different degrees issues on the relationship of articles systems and the pragmatic notions of definiteness and specificity in typologically diverse languages: Vietnamese, Siwi (Berber), Russian, Mopan (Mayan), Persian, Danish and Swedish. The main questions that motivate this volume are: How do languages with and without an article system go about helping the hearer to recognize whether a given noun phrase should be interpreted as definite, specific or non-specific? Is there clear-cut semantic definiteness without articles or do we find systematic ambiguity regarding the interpretation of bare noun phrases? If there is ambiguity, can we still posit one reading as the default? What exactly do articles in languages encode that are not analyzed as straightforwardly coding (in)definiteness? Do we find linguistic tools in these languages that are similar to those found in languages without articles? Most contributions report on research on different corpora and elicited data or present the outcome of various experimental studies. One paper presents a diachronic study of the emergence of article systems. On the issue of how languages with and without articles guide the hearer to the conclusion that a given noun phrase should be interpreted as definite, specific or non-specific, the studies in this paper argue for similar strategies. The languages investigated in this volume use constructions and linguistic tools that receive a final interpretation based on discourse prominence considerations and various aspects of the syntax-semantics interface. In case of ambiguity between these readings, the default interpretation is given by factors (e. g., familiarity, uniqueness) that are known to contribute to the salience of phrases, but may be overridden by discourse prominence. Articles that do not straightforwardly mark (in)definiteness encode different kinds of specificity. In the languages studied in this volume, whether they have articles or do not have an article system, we find similar factors and linguistic tools in the calculation process of interpretations. The volume contains revised selected papers from the workshop entitled Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages held at the 40th Annual Conference of the German Linguistic Society (DGfS), 7-9 March, 2018 at the University of Stuttgart.
Download or read book Nominal anchoring written by Kata Balogh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume address to different degrees issues on the relationship of articles systems and the pragmatic notions of definiteness and specificity in typologically diverse languages: Vietnamese, Siwi (Berber), Russian, Mopan (Mayan), Persian, Danish and Swedish. The main questions that motivate this volume are: (1) How do languages with and without an article system go about helping the hearer to recognize whether a given noun phrase should be interpreted as definite, specific or non-specific? (2) Is there clear-cut semantic definiteness without articles or do we find systematic ambiguity regarding the interpretation of bare noun phrases? (3) If there is ambiguity, can we still posit one reading as the default? (4) What exactly do articles in languages encode that are not analyzed as straightforwardly coding (in)definiteness? (5) Do we find linguistic tools in these languages that are similar to those found in languages without articles? Most contributions report on research on different corpora and elicited data or present the outcome of various experimental studies. One paper presents a diachronic study of the emergence of article systems. On the issue of how languages with and without articles guide the hearer to the conclusion that a given noun phrase should be interpreted as definite, specific or non-specific, the studies in this paper argue for similar strategies. The languages investigated in this volume use constructions and linguistic tools that receive a final interpretation based on discourse prominence considerations and various aspects of the syntax-semantics interface. In case of ambiguity between these readings, the default interpretation is given by factors (e. g., familiarity, uniqueness) that are known to contribute to the salience of phrases, but may be overridden by discourse prominence. Articles that do not straightforwardly mark (in)definiteness encode different kinds of specificity. In the languages studied in this volume, whether they have articles or do not have an article system, we find similar factors and linguistic tools in the calculation process of interpretations. The volume contains revised selected papers from the workshop entitled Specificity, definiteness and article systems across languages held at the 40th Annual Conference of the German Linguistic Society (DGfS), 7-9 March, 2018 at the University of Stuttgart.
Book Synopsis Economic Literacy and Money Illusion by : Helena Chytilova
Download or read book Economic Literacy and Money Illusion written by Helena Chytilova and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of money illusion, a recently resurrected phenomenon of behavioral economics, is a real fact of economic life, the potential role of which should no longer be dismissed. Despite money illusion being utterly suppressed by mainstream economists, small deviations from rationality, together with trends in behavioral economics, alleviate the denial of money illusion induced by the rational expectations revolution. This book argues that money illusion seems to be a ubiquitous phenomenon, affecting various areas such as financial markets, housing markets, labor markets, consumption-saving decisions, and even development at the aggregate level induced by coordination issues. Furthermore, in light of the educational efforts of central banks and other institutions, it is worth considering whether solid economic training would provide guidance for the public regarding their decision-making and thereby alleviate the effects of money illusion. The emerging field of experimental economics provides a unique opportunity for us to verify the presence of money illusion. Specifically, attention is devoted to the experimental investigation of reduction in the direct and indirect effects of money illusion with respect to the level of economic literacy acquired through economic education. Economic Literacy and Money Illusion will be of interest to the general audience and to those who are interested in behavioral economics, economics education, and experimental economics, as well as to policy makers and institutions. Last but not least, it will help develop students’ interest in alternative economic theories. NB. The research and writing of this book was made possible with the support of the University of Economics, Prague, Faculty of Economics, Department of Economics.
Book Synopsis The Universal Structure of Categories by : Martina Wiltschko
Download or read book The Universal Structure of Categories written by Martina Wiltschko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from a variety of languages, this book explores a range of grammatical categories and constructions, including tense, aspect, subjunctive, case and demonstratives. It presents a new theory of grammatical categories - the Universal Spine Hypothesis - and reinforces generative notions of Universal Grammar while accommodating insights from linguistic typology.
Book Synopsis Essentials of International Economics by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book Essentials of International Economics written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2010-12-27 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revision of the 2008 publication International economics, condensed to fifteen chapters and designed for single-semester courses combining international trade and macroeconomics. Second ed. also available in a 22-chapter version titled International economics.
Book Synopsis Expectations' Anchoring and Inflation Persistence by : Mr.Rudolfs Bems
Download or read book Expectations' Anchoring and Inflation Persistence written by Mr.Rudolfs Bems and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-12-11 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the sources of inflation persistence is crucial for monetary policy. This paper provides an empirical assessment of the influence of inflation expectations' anchoring on the persistence of inflation. We construct a novel index of inflation expectations' anchoring using survey-based inflation forecasts for 45 economies starting in 1989. We then study the response of consumer prices to terms-of-trade shocks for countries with flexible exchange rates. We find that these shocks have a significant and persistent effect on consumer price inflation when expectations are poorly anchored. By contrast, inflation reacts by less and returns quickly to its pre-shock level when expectations are strongly anchored.
Book Synopsis International Macroeconomics by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book International Macroeconomics written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining classic international economics with straight-from-the- headlines immediacy, Feenstra and Taylor’s text seamlessly integrates the subject’s established core content with topic areas and ideas that have emerged from recent empirical studies. A MODERN APPROACH FOR THE 21ST CENTURY International economics texts traditionally place greater emphasis on theory and a strong focus on the advanced countries. Feenstra/Taylor links theory to empirical evidence throughout the book, and incorporates coverage of emerging markets and developing economies (India, China, SE Asia) to reflect the evolving realities of the global economy. The new edition has been extensively revised and updated, especially in light of the ongoing world financial crisis. NOTE: Feenstra/Taylor, International Economics, Second Edition, is available in four versions: International Economics, 2e: 1-4292-3118-1 International Trade, 2e: 1-4292-4104-7 International Macroeconomics, 2e: 1-4292-4103-9 Essentials of International Economics, 2e: 1-4292-7710-5
Book Synopsis Money Illusion and Strategic Complementarity as Causes of Monetary Non-Neutrality by : Jean-Robert Tyran
Download or read book Money Illusion and Strategic Complementarity as Causes of Monetary Non-Neutrality written by Jean-Robert Tyran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In principle, money illusion could explain the inertial adjustment of prices after changes of monetary policy. Hence, money illusion could provide an explanation of monetary non-neutrality. However, this explanation has been thoroughly discredited in modern economics. As a consequence, economists have ever since the 1970s searched for alternative explanations for nominal rigidity. These explanations are all based on the assumption of fully rational economic agents, holding rational expectations. This book argues that money illusion has been prematurely dismissed as an explanation of monetary non-neutrality. Methods of experimental economics are used to investigate the real aggregate effects of money illusion. It is shown that money illusion in fact causes (short-run) real income effects if strategic complementarity prevails. Strategic complementarity is an important characteristic of naturally occurring macroeconomies and is a recurrent theme in most models explaining nominal rigidity.
Download or read book Disinflation written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-21 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Disinflation Disinflation is a decrease in the rate of inflation - a slowdown in the rate of increase of the general price level of goods and services in a nation's gross domestic product over time. It is the opposite of reflation. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Disinflation Chapter 2: Macroeconomics Chapter 3: Recession Chapter 4: Inflation Chapter 5: Monetarism Chapter 6: Deflation Chapter 7: Monetary policy Chapter 8: Causes of the Great Depression Chapter 9: Price stability Chapter 10: Long Depression Chapter 11: Neutrality of money Chapter 12: Reflation Chapter 13: Friedman rule Chapter 14: Inflation targeting Chapter 15: Indexed unit of account Chapter 16: Deleveraging Chapter 17: Depression of 1920-1921 Chapter 18: Constant purchasing power accounting Chapter 19: Monetary policy of the Philippines Chapter 20: Abenomics Chapter 21: Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (II) Answering the public top questions about disinflation. (III) Real world examples for the usage of disinflation in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Disinflation.
Book Synopsis Inflation Targeting by : Fouad Sabry
Download or read book Inflation Targeting written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Inflation Targeting In macroeconomics, inflation targeting is a monetary policy where a central bank follows an explicit target for the inflation rate for the medium-term and announces this inflation target to the public. The assumption is that the best that monetary policy can do to support long-term growth of the economy is to maintain price stability, and price stability is achieved by controlling inflation. The central bank uses interest rates as its main short-term monetary instrument. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Inflation targeting Chapter 2: Macroeconomics Chapter 3: Inflation Chapter 4: Monetarism Chapter 5: Deflation Chapter 6: Monetary economics Chapter 7: Monetary policy Chapter 8: Causes of the Great Depression Chapter 9: Price stability Chapter 10: Federal Open Market Committee Chapter 11: Taylor rule Chapter 12: John B. Taylor Chapter 13: Czech National Bank Chapter 14: Quantitative easing Chapter 15: Central Bank of Chile Chapter 16: Great Moderation Chapter 17: James B. Bullard Chapter 18: Bernanke doctrine Chapter 19: Monetary policy of the Philippines Chapter 20: Market monetarism Chapter 21: Negative interest on excess reserves (II) Answering the public top questions about inflation targeting. (III) Real world examples for the usage of inflation targeting in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Inflation Targeting.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Easing by : Fouad Sabry
Download or read book Quantitative Easing written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-21 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Quantitative Easing Quantitative easing (QE) is a monetary policy action where a central bank purchases predetermined amounts of government bonds or other financial assets in order to stimulate economic activity. Quantitative easing is a novel form of monetary policy that came into wide application after the financial crisis of 2007-2008. It is used to mitigate an economic recession when inflation is very low or negative, making standard monetary policy ineffective. Quantitative tightening (QT) does the opposite, where for monetary policy reasons, a central bank sells off some portion of its holdings of government bonds or other financial assets. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Quantitative easing Chapter 2: Central bank Chapter 3: European Central Bank Chapter 4: Monetary policy of the United States Chapter 5: Monetary policy Chapter 6: Monetary base Chapter 7: Open market operation Chapter 8: Monetary Policy Committee (United Kingdom) Chapter 9: Money creation Chapter 10: Debt monetization Chapter 11: Helicopter money Chapter 12: Bank of Canada Chapter 13: Modern monetary theory Chapter 14: History of Federal Open Market Committee actions Chapter 15: James B. Bullard Chapter 16: Federal Reserve responses to the subprime crisis Chapter 17: 1994 bond market crisis Chapter 18: Quantitative tightening Chapter 19: Corporate debt bubble Chapter 20: The Intervention of ECB in the Eurozone Crisis Chapter 21: Yield Curve Control (II) Answering the public top questions about quantitative easing. (III) Real world examples for the usage of quantitative easing in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Quantitative Easing.
Book Synopsis Stabilization Policy by : Fouad Sabry
Download or read book Stabilization Policy written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-02-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Stabilization Policy In macroeconomics, a stabilization policy is a package or set of measures introduced to stabilize a financial system or economy. The term can refer to policies in two distinct sets of circumstances: business cycle stabilization or credit cycle stabilization. In either case, it is a form of discretionary policy. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Stabilization policy Chapter 2: International Monetary Fund Chapter 3: Fiscal policy Chapter 4: Exchange rate Chapter 5: Economic policy Chapter 6: 1997 Asian financial crisis Chapter 7: Deficit spending Chapter 8: Monetary policy Chapter 9: External debt Chapter 10: Austerity Chapter 11: Foreign exchange reserves Chapter 12: Impossible trinity Chapter 13: Structural adjustment Chapter 14: Optimum currency area Chapter 15: Economic stability Chapter 16: Adolfo Diz Chapter 17: Guillermo Calvo Chapter 18: Sudden stop (economics) Chapter 19: Fear of floating Chapter 20: South Korea and the International Monetary Fund Chapter 21: South Korean International Monetary Fund Agreement, 1997 (II) Answering the public top questions about stabilization policy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of stabilization policy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Stabilization Policy.
Book Synopsis Monetary Hawk and Dove by : Fouad Sabry
Download or read book Monetary Hawk and Dove written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-21 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Monetary Hawk and Dove A monetary hawk, or hawk for short, is someone who advocates keeping inflation low as the top priority in monetary policy. In contrast, a monetary dove is someone who emphasizes other issues, especially low unemployment, over low inflation. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Monetary hawk and dove Chapter 2: Central bank Chapter 3: Deflation Chapter 4: Economic bubble Chapter 5: Monetary policy Chapter 6: Zero interest-rate policy Chapter 7: Janet Yellen Chapter 8: Monetary Policy Committee (United Kingdom) Chapter 9: Ben Bernanke Chapter 10: Inflation targeting Chapter 11: Helicopter money Chapter 12: Quantitative easing Chapter 13: Greenspan put Chapter 14: James B. Bullard Chapter 15: Narayana Kocherlakota Chapter 16: Abenomics Chapter 17: Negative interest on excess reserves Chapter 18: Marvin Goodfriend Chapter 19: Quantitative tightening Chapter 20: Distributional effects Chapter 21: Everything bubble (II) Answering the public top questions about monetary hawk and dove. (III) Real world examples for the usage of monetary hawk and dove in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Monetary Hawk and Dove.
Download or read book Monetary Policy written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-21 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Monetary Policy The policy that is adopted by the monetary authority of a nation to impact monetary and other financial conditions in order to achieve broader goals such as high employment and price stability is referred to as monetary policy. The contribution of monetary policy to economic stability and the maintenance of exchange rates that are predictable with respect to other currencies are two further aspects of monetary policy. In today's world, the majority of central banks in rich countries conduct their monetary policy within the framework of inflation targeting. On the other hand, the majority of central banks in developing countries target some type of fixed exchange rate regime with their monetary policies. Targeting the money supply is a third monetary policy technique that was widely used throughout the 1980s. However, its popularity has decreased since then, despite the fact that it is still the official strategy in a number of emerging nations. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Monetary policy Chapter 2: Central bank Chapter 3: Inflation Chapter 4: Interest rate Chapter 5: Monetary policy of the United States Chapter 6: Money supply Chapter 7: Exchange rate Chapter 8: Devaluation Chapter 9: Open market operation Chapter 10: Foreign exchange reserves Chapter 11: Money creation Chapter 12: Impossible trinity Chapter 13: Mundell-Fleming model Chapter 14: Plano Real Chapter 15: Inflation targeting Chapter 16: Currency intervention Chapter 17: Exchange-rate flexibility Chapter 18: Sterilization (economics) Chapter 19: History of monetary policy in the United States Chapter 20: Monetary policy of the Philippines Chapter 21: Fear of floating (II) Answering the public top questions about monetary policy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of monetary policy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Monetary Policy.
Download or read book Monetary System written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-01-26 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Monetary System When it comes to the economy of a country, a monetary system is a system that utilizes the provision of money by the government. Generally speaking, the national treasury, the mint, the central banks, and the commercial banks are the components that make up modern monetary systems. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Monetary system Chapter 2: Currency Chapter 3: Gold standard Chapter 4: Commodity money Chapter 5: Seigniorage Chapter 6: Reserve currency Chapter 7: Monetary policy Chapter 8: Medium of exchange Chapter 9: Fractional-reserve banking Chapter 10: Money creation Chapter 11: International finance Chapter 12: History of the United States dollar Chapter 13: Silver standard Chapter 14: History of money Chapter 15: Modern monetary theory Chapter 16: Money Chapter 17: Metallism Chapter 18: Credit theory of money Chapter 19: United States dollar Chapter 20: Fiat money Chapter 21: Chartalism (II) Answering the public top questions about monetary system. (III) Real world examples for the usage of monetary system in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Monetary System.
Download or read book Gold Standard written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-02-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Gold Standard An example of a monetary system that adheres to the gold standard is one in which the standard economic unit of account is determined by a predetermined amount of gold. From the 1870s until the early 1920s, and from the late 1920s until 1932, as well as from 1944 until 1971, when the United States unilaterally terminated convertibility of the United States dollar to gold, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system, the gold standard served as the foundation for the international monetary system. Notwithstanding this, a few of states possess significant gold reserves. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Gold standard Chapter 2: Currency Chapter 3: Euro Chapter 4: Deflation Chapter 5: Specie Payment Resumption Act Chapter 6: Reserve currency Chapter 7: Monetary policy Chapter 8: Bimetallism Chapter 9: Bretton Woods system Chapter 10: Indian rupee Chapter 11: European Monetary System Chapter 12: History of the United States dollar Chapter 13: Silver standard Chapter 14: Nixon shock Chapter 15: Barry Eichengreen Chapter 16: Money Chapter 17: Snake in the tunnel Chapter 18: A Monetary History of the United States Chapter 19: United States dollar Chapter 20: Fiat money Chapter 21: History of monetary policy in the United States (II) Answering the public top questions about gold standard. (III) Real world examples for the usage of gold standard in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Gold Standard.
Download or read book Economic Policy written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-04-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Economic Policy The economy of governments covers the systems for setting levels of taxation, government budgets, the money supply and interest rates as well as the labour market, national ownership, and many other areas of government interventions into the economy. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Economic policy Chapter 2: Keynesian economics Chapter 3: Macroeconomics Chapter 4: Stagflation Chapter 5: Inflation Chapter 6: Monetarism Chapter 7: Rational expectations Chapter 8: New Keynesian economics Chapter 9: Agricultural Policy Chapter 10: Fiscal policy Chapter 11: Deficit spending Chapter 12: Monetary policy Chapter 13: Money creation Chapter 14: Convertibility plan Chapter 15: Fiscalism Chapter 16: Monetary authority Chapter 17: Modern monetary theory Chapter 18: AP Macroeconomics Chapter 19: Inflationary bias Chapter 20: David I. Meiselman Chapter 21: Incomes policy (II) Answering the public top questions about economic policy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of economic policy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Economic Policy.
