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Nk Cell Based Cancer Immunotherapy
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Book Synopsis NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy by : Francisco Borrego
Download or read book NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy written by Francisco Borrego and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors that stimulate or diminish NK cell activity, respectively. Inhibitory receptors include, among others, the MHC class I ligands killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in humans, and members of the Ly49 family of receptors in mice, and CD94/NKG2A. Activating receptors include cytokine and chemokine receptors, and those that interact with ligands expressed on target cells, such as the natural cytotoxicity receptors or NCRs (NKp30, NKp44 and NKp46), NKG2D, CD244 and DNAM-1. In addition, NK cells express Fc?RIIIA or CD16, the receptor that exerts antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). NK cells also express the death ligands FasL and TRAIL. The killing or sparing of target cells depends on the integration of distinct signals that originate from NK cell receptors. NK cells spare healthy cells that express normal levels of MHC class I molecules and low amounts of stress-induced self-molecules, whereas they kill target cells that down-regulate MHC class I molecules and/or up-regulate stress-induced self-molecules. The latter are common signatures of virus-infected cells and tumors. All the accumulated knowledge on NK cell biology, along with many clinical observations, is driving multiple efforts to improve the arsenal of NK cell-based therapeutic tools in the fight against malignant diseases. Indeed, NK cell-based immunotherapy is becoming a promising approach for the treatment of many cancers. It is well known that NK cells have a significant role in the anti-tumor effect of therapeutic antibodies that use ADCC as a mechanism of action. In addition to this, administration of autologous and allogeneic NK cells after activation and expansion ex vivo is used in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, adoptive transfer of NK cell lines has been tested in humans, and genetically modified NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors are being studied in preclinical models for potential use in the clinic.
Book Synopsis Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology by : Jan B. Vermorken
Download or read book Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology written by Jan B. Vermorken and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. With a wealth of exciting data emerging in this rapidly evolving field this book will review the state-of-the-art knowledge with emphasis on multidisciplinary decision and management of head and neck cancer. The book provides significant detail on a wide range of topics including: the role of new targets for treatment, immunotherapy, resistance mechanisms, standardizing molecular profiling programs, and new methods to guide therapeutic approaches. In addition different disease situations are addressed including different treatment approaches in primary disease and in recurrent and/or metastatic disease as well as new developments in pathology, surgery and reconstruction techniques, new systemic therapies in salivary gland cancer, and supportive care and follow-up. All disciplines involved in the treatment of head & neck cancer are covered with a focus on translation into daily practice. The 8th-THNO is designed for medical oncologists, head and neck surgeons, radiation oncologists, otolaryngologists, and other medical professionals involved in the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer.
Book Synopsis Molecular Strategies Aimed to Boost NK Cell-based Immunotherapy of Cancer by : Loredana Cifaldi
Download or read book Molecular Strategies Aimed to Boost NK Cell-based Immunotherapy of Cancer written by Loredana Cifaldi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Research Topic, we would like to honor the memory of Prof. Vito Pistoia and pay tribute to his scientific contributions to the field of Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy. Topic Editor Daniel Olive is the co-founder and shareholder of company Imcheck Therapeutics. All other topic editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.
Book Synopsis NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges by : Anahid Jewett
Download or read book NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges written by Anahid Jewett and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NK Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Successes and Challenges explains the latest immunotherapeutic strategies, focusing on NK cells to allow the best and precise combination treatments to cancer patients. The book provides existing background knowledge in the field of immunotherapy and discusses future areas of research required to carry out cutting-edge, validated therapies. Chapters cover advances in immunotherapeutic strategies, in particular, the use of NK cells with and without T-cell therapy in the treatment of cancer. The book is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and those interested in learning more about novel strategies to treat cancer patients. Immunotherapy is fast becoming the method of choice for cancer therapy. Although remarkable advances have been made in the field of immunotherapy, there are significant challenges and difficulties ahead since many of the current immunotherapeutic strategies do not provide long-lasting treatment strategies, and therefore are not very effective. Covers CAR/T and CAR/NK and adoptive NK cell therapy with and without T cell therapies Discusses basic biology of NK cells and mouse models of human cancers and the role of NK cells in metastatic cancer and in cancer stem cells Encompasses information on combination therapies using check point inhibition, adoptive transfer of cytotoxic effector cells, chemotherapeutic drugs and activating and inhibitory antibodies
Book Synopsis Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy by : Benjamin Bonavida
Download or read book Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy written by Benjamin Bonavida and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successes and Challenges of NK Immunotherapy: Increasing Anti-tumor Efficacy describes the unique therapeutic applications of NK cells to fight cancers and eliminate the bulk and subset of cancer stem cells responsible for metastasis, relapse and recurrences. The book provides information on the development, engineering, mechanisms of action, response to various preclinical models, and applications in various clinical trials. Sections cover the development of highly engineered cytotoxic NK cells, their mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical applications, the development and application of CAR-NK cells, and new NK-drug conjugates, also emphasizing that activated NK cells can target and kill highly resistant cancer stem cells. Written by the leading experts on NK immunotherapy worldwide, this is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding novel and efficient therapies to fight cancers. Discusses the unique developmental applications of NK immunotherapy against cancers, which differs greatly from other types of immunotherapies Provides up-to-date and highly relevant information through chapters written by the leading researchers in the field Presents a significant number of schematic diagrams for easy understanding and reproducibility
Book Synopsis NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy by :
Download or read book NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that have a significant role in regulating the defenses against cancer development and certain viral infections. They are equipped with an array of activating and inhibitory receptors that stimulate or diminish NK cell activity, respectively. Inhibitory receptors include, among others, the MHC class I ligands killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in humans, and members of the Ly49 family of receptors in mice, and CD94/NKG2A. Activating receptors include cytokine and chemokine receptors, and those that interact with ligands expressed on target cells, such as the natural cytotoxicity receptors or NCRs (NKp30, NKp44 and NKp46), NKG2D, CD244 and DNAM-1. In addition, NK cells express Fc?RIIIA or CD16, the receptor that exerts antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). NK cells also express the death ligands FasL and TRAIL. The killing or sparing of target cells depends on the integration of distinct signals that originate from NK cell receptors. NK cells spare healthy cells that express normal levels of MHC class I molecules and low amounts of stress-induced self-molecules, whereas they kill target cells that down-regulate MHC class I molecules and/or up-regulate stress-induced self-molecules. The latter are common signatures of virus-infected cells and tumors. All the accumulated knowledge on NK cell biology, along with many clinical observations, is driving multiple efforts to improve the arsenal of NK cell-based therapeutic tools in the fight against malignant diseases. Indeed, NK cell-based immunotherapy is becoming a promising approach for the treatment of many cancers. It is well known that NK cells have a significant role in the anti-tumor effect of therapeutic antibodies that use ADCC as a mechanism of action. In addition to this, administration of autologous and allogeneic NK cells after activation and expansion ex vivo is used in the treatment of cancer. Moreover, adoptive transfer of NK cell lines has been tested in humans, and genetically modified NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors are being studied in preclinical models for potential use in the clinic.
Book Synopsis Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer by : Armin Ghobadi
Download or read book Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer written by Armin Ghobadi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical and preclinical exploration of gene and cellular immunotherapy have seen rapid growth and interest with the development and approval of five Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) products for lymphoma and myeloma and one Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These advances have dramatically improved the management of patients with relapsed refractory lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia. Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer offers readers a comprehensive review of current cellular and gene-based immunotherapies. Divided into eighteen cohesive chapters, this book provides an in-depth and detailed look into cellular-based immunotherapies including CAR-T, TCR-T, TIL, Viral CTLs, NK cells in addition to T/NK cell engagers, focusing on their historical perspectives, biology, development and manufacturing, toxicities and more. Edited by two leading experts on gene and cellular immunotherapy, the book will feature chapters written by a diverse collection of recognized and up-and-coming experts and researchers in the field, providing oncologists, immunologists, researchers and clinical and basic science trainees with a bench to bedside view of the latest developments in the field.
Book Synopsis Natural Killer Cells by : Jacques Zimmer
Download or read book Natural Killer Cells written by Jacques Zimmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-12 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural killer (NK) cells have been at the forefront of immunology for two decades. During that time, a great amount of information about these cells has been obtained. They are important in antiinfectious and antitumoral defense and shape the adaptive immune response. In addition, they can act as immunoregulatory cells. In recent years, the therapeutic potential of NK cells in cancer immunotherapy has become increasingly evident. This book describes in detail current knowledge about NK cells and covers a broad range of NK cell-related topics, including those that are not frequently reviewed, e.g. NK cells and allergy or NK cells and skin diseases.
Book Synopsis Innate Immune Cell Therapy of Cancer by : Asha B. Pillai
Download or read book Innate Immune Cell Therapy of Cancer written by Asha B. Pillai and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adoptive cellular immunotherapy of cancer, particularly chimeric antigen receptor-transduced T cell (CAR-T) therapies, have enjoyed an explosion of clinical trials and translational and basic research in the past decade. The concept and design of the CAR, though originally intended to optimize targeting of innate natural killer cells (NK cells) to tumor-specific antigens, was laterally applied in the past decade to conventional autologous and later third-party allogeneic T cells with first-in-kind successes in leukemia immunotherapy in both adults and children. This approach also spawned the development of an entire industry focused on cancer immunotherapy, laying the foundation for the current paradigm shifts away from toxic chemo/radiotherapy to immune targeting. Aside from cytokine-release toxicities, specific obstacles plaguing existing CAR-T cell therapies include suboptimal killing by fatigued or senescent autologous patient-derived T cells derived, acquisition of tumor resistance to T-cell based immune therapies, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) associated with allogeneic conventional T cell therapies.
Book Synopsis The Natural Killer Cell Interactome in the Tumor Microenvironment: Basic Concepts and Clinical Application by : Martin Villalba
Download or read book The Natural Killer Cell Interactome in the Tumor Microenvironment: Basic Concepts and Clinical Application written by Martin Villalba and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intercellular Communication in Cancer by : Mustapha Kandouz
Download or read book Intercellular Communication in Cancer written by Mustapha Kandouz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-20 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells are by nature compelled to live in groups. They develop dependence over signaling cues received from their microenvironment, in particular from other cells, whether of their own “kind” or of a different type. Therefore, communicating with these cells is a critical aspect of their behavior and fate, as they live and die normally or as they undergo disease-related pathological changes, with dramatic repercussions. In this book, we have asked expert researchers in the field of Intercellular Communication in Cancer to provide chapters on different aspects of interaction between neighboring cells, in the context of cancer diseases. We have specifically focused our efforts on membrane-to-membrane contact-based rather than growth factors-mediated modes of intercellular communications. The contributing authors provide an extensive overview of their respective area of specialization, with an in-depth discussion of the molecular mechanisms of cell-cell interactions, the impact on tumor progression and response to therapies, as well as the cancer diagnostic value of this scientific information. This book aims to introduce essential aspects of the normal and pathological cellular fate and homeostasis to both scientists and clinicians, and also to provide established researchers with an update on the novelties and future directions this expanding field is witnessing.
Book Synopsis Lymphocytes in Immunotherapy of Cancer by : Paul Koldovsky
Download or read book Lymphocytes in Immunotherapy of Cancer written by Paul Koldovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, research in cancer immunology has produced informa tion important for other medical disciplines. It helped, for example, in formulating the laws of immunogenetics and in achieving a better understanding of the mechanism governing the fate of allotrans planted tissue. Cancer has often been considered a foreign body, and therefore many attempts have been made to cure it on the basis of the immunological principles applicable to parasitic, bacterial, or viral diseases. Vaccination has been investigated clinically for its po tential to prevent cancer [1], and clinical research into the cure of cancer has included active immunization [2], nonspecific stimulation of defense mechanisms [3], and transfer of passive immunity by cells [4] or by antibodies [5]. These experiments have been of limited value and in some cases have even had an adverse effect. The reputation of cancer immunology has suffered, and the concept has often been severely criticized. However, the basic postulate that cancer must originate from the body's own cells, and that the immune system belongs to the principal regulatory mechanisms, remains valid. In recent years new research into clinical cancer immunotherapy has included critical appraisal of all its potential benefits, and also of the risks and limitations. It is dangerous to make unrealistic promises or to speak or think in terms of "miracle weapons" or a "magic bul let.
Book Synopsis Natural Killer Cells by : Michael T. Lotze
Download or read book Natural Killer Cells written by Michael T. Lotze and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-12 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Killer Cells explains the importance of killer cells and how they are produced. It mentions that the most likely explanation for killer cell production is that they serve as a complementary system for T cells as a primary defense against viruses. However, these cells defend against certain viruses only, such as herpes viruses and influenza viruses. The book also explains the primary functions of killer cells, and it discusses how these cells help recognize damaged tissues, limit further damage to tissues, and regenerate damaged tissues. It discusses how these cells mature and develop, and it covers the different isolation, culture, and propagation methods of these cells. Furthermore, it focuses on the different killer cells that are present in various parts of the human body. The book concludes by explaining that natural killer cells are utilized for clinical therapy of malignancies, and that they have led to positive outcomes in the field of biology and medicine. Provides a broad, detailed coverage of the biology and interactions of NK cells for students, fellows, scientists, and practitioners Includes figures, histologic sections, and illustrations of the ontogeny of NK cells
Book Synopsis Haploidentical Transplantation by : Stefan O. Ciurea
Download or read book Haploidentical Transplantation written by Stefan O. Ciurea and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, world-renowned experts in the field express well-reasoned opinions on a range of issues and controversies relating to haploidentical transplantation with the aim of providing practicing hematologists with clinically relevant and readily applicable information. Among the areas covered are graft manipulation and methods to control T-cell alloreactivity, the nature of the ideal graft and donor, haploidentical transplantation in pediatric and adult patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases, immunologic reconstitution following transplantation, complications, and the prevention and treatment of relapse post transplantation. Attention is drawn to the implications of high-impact clinical trials whenever such trials are available. The readily intelligible text is complemented by numerous helpful tables, algorithms, and figures. The book will provide practical support for hematologists and transplant physicians as they attempt to provide optimal care in this exciting but increasingly complex medical specialty.
Book Synopsis Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by : Tim F. Greten
Download or read book Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Tim F. Greten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we provide insights into liver – cancer and immunology. Experts in the field provide an overview over fundamental immunological questions in liver cancer and tumorimmunology, which form the base for immune based approaches in HCC, which gain increasing interest in the community due to first promising results obtained in early clinical trials. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death in the United States. Treatment options are limited. Viral hepatitis is one of the major risk factors for HCC, which represents a typical “inflammation-induced” cancer. Immune-based treatment approaches have revolutionized oncology in recent years. Various treatment strategies have received FDA approval including dendritic cell vaccination, for prostate cancer as well as immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA4 or the PD1/PDL1 axis in melanoma, lung, and kidney cancer. Additionally, cell based therapies (adoptive T cell therapy, CAR T cells and TCR transduced T cells) have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies and melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in particular have generated enormous excitement across the entire field of oncology, providing a significant benefit to a minority of patients.
Book Synopsis Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation by : Hillard M. Lazarus
Download or read book Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation written by Hillard M. Lazarus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-02 with total page 881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the original publication of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Research and Practice, Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSC) has undergone several fast-paced changes. In this second edition, the editors have focused on topics relevant to evolving knowledge in the field in order to better guide clinicians in decision-making and management of their patients, as well as help lead laboratory investigators in new directions emanating from clinical observations. Some of the most respected clinicians and scientists in this discipline have responded to the recent advances in the field by providing state-of-the-art discussions addressing these topics in the second edition. The text covers the scope of human genomic variation, the methods of HLA typing and interpretation of high-resolution HLA results. Comprehensive and up-to-date, Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Clinical Research and Practice, Second Edition offers concise advice on today's best clinical practice and will be of significant benefit to all clinicians and researchers in allogeneic HSC transplantation.
Book Synopsis Cancer Immunotherapy by : Sarah S. Donatelli
Download or read book Cancer Immunotherapy written by Sarah S. Donatelli and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-04 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Killer (NK) cells are a unique subset of lymphocytes genetically programmed to locate and destroy cellular malignancies. They accomplish this through unique cell surface receptors that, upon contacting a target cell, transmit either inhibitory or activating intracellular signals, ultimately determining whether the target cell will be killed or spared. Acquisition of the capacity to kill comes only after the NK cell is rendered tolerant to healthy self cells through interaction with naturally expressed MHC I molecules. The resulting functional NK cell is endowed with both repressive and stimulatory receptors that recognize MHC I or MHC I-related proteins, and stress-induced proteins that are not normally expressed by healthy cells, respectively. The respective signaling pathways are generally conserved among receptors; consequently, mechanisms that dysregulate NK-cell surface receptor density may directly impair NK responsiveness towards cancerous cells by affecting the ratio of inhibitory-to-activating signals. Furthermore, activating receptors can be downregulated, suggesting a targeted evasion strategy that specifically converts the NK cell towards an inhibitory phenotype.
