Neuronal Self Defense

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Neuronal Self-Defense: Compensatory Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Author : Rosanna Parlato
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288919759X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuronal Self-Defense: Compensatory Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Disorders by : Rosanna Parlato

Download or read book Neuronal Self-Defense: Compensatory Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Rosanna Parlato and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive loss of specific populations of neurons with consequent deterioration of brain's function and dramatic impact on human behavior. At present, there are no effective cures for neurodegenerative diseases. Because unambiguous diagnosis is possible only after manifestation of symptoms, when a large proportion of neurons has been already lost, therapies are necessarily confined to alleviation of symptoms. Development of cures halting the disease course is hampered by our rudimentary understanding of the etiopathology. Most neurodegenerative disorders are sporadic and age-related and - even for those of known genetic origin - the mechanisms influencing disease onset and progression have not been fully characterized. The different diseases, however, share important similarities in the mechanisms responsible for neuronal loss, which is caused by a combination of endogenous and exogenous challenges. Trophic deprivation, oxidative stress, accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates, and bioenergetics defects have been described in most, if not all, neurodegenerative disease. To counterbalance these noxious stimuli cells deploy, at least during the initial pathogenic states, intrinsic neuroprotective responses. These are general compensatory mechanisms, common to several neurodegenerative conditions, which reprogram cellular physiology to overcome stress. Adaptation includes strategies to optimize energetic resources, for instance reduction of rRNA synthesis to repress translation, suppression of transcription, and bioenergetics and metabolic redesign. Additional mechanisms include potentiation of antioxidant capacity, induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and activation of protein quality control systems and autophagy. Ineffective execution of these compensatory strategies severely threatens cellular homeostasis and favors onset of pathology. Therefore, a better understanding of these "buffering" mechanisms and of their interconnections may help to devise more effective therapeutic tools to prolong neuronal survival and activity, independently of the original genetic mutations and stress insults. This Research Topic focuses on the initial compensatory responses protecting against failure of those mechanisms that sustain neuronal survival and activity. The collection intends to summarize the state-of-the-art in this field and to propose novel research contributes, with the ultimate goal of inspiring innovative studies aimed to contrast progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care

Author : Basil F. Matta
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139499858
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care by : Basil F. Matta

Download or read book Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care written by Basil F. Matta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core Topics in Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care is an authoritative and practical clinical text that offers clear diagnostic and management guidance for a wide range of neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care problems. With coverage of every aspect of the discipline by outstanding world experts, this should be the first book to which practitioners turn for easily accessible and definitive advice. Initial sections cover relevant anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, intraoperative and critical care monitoring and neuroimaging. These are followed by detailed sections covering all aspects of neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care in both adult and pediatric patients. The final chapter discusses ethical and legal issues. Each chapter delivers a state-of-the art review of clinical practice, including outcome data when available. Enhanced throughout with numerous clinical photographs and line drawings, this practical and accessible text is key reading for trainee and consultant anesthetists and critical care specialists.

The Aging Mind

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172195
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Aging Mind by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Aging Mind written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-04-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069882
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council

Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury

Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498766579
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz

Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme

Neuro-inflammation in Neuronal Death and Repair

Author : Giacinto Bagetta
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080550568
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuro-inflammation in Neuronal Death and Repair by : Giacinto Bagetta

Download or read book Neuro-inflammation in Neuronal Death and Repair written by Giacinto Bagetta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-25 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroinflammation has been implicated recently in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. The cross-talk between neurons and non-neuronal cells seems to be a critical step in the progression of neurodegeneration and molecules that have a beneficial role may turn into harmful players. Thus, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are involved in axonal growth and regeneration as well as synaptic plasticity, may also have detrimental effects. Recent evidence has linked MMPs to conditions like ischemia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and suggested that, together with their role in the degradation of extracellular macromolecules, MMPs could work as important signalling molecules from injured neurons to the microglia. Thus, MMP-3 has been shown to induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from microglia via activation of ERK and NF-kB-dependent pathways. Increasing evidence highlights the importance of a balanced cross-talk between neurons and non-neuronal cells and indicates that the presence of reactive astrocytes, the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory mediators may contribute to the progression of many central nervous system disorders, independently of the nature of the primary pathogenic event. However, many aspects still remain controversial and much more effort is needed to understand the role of neuroinflammatory mediators and processes in these conditions. This volume brings together renowned, international scientists to discuss current knowledge and views on the mechanisms of neuroinflammation, on its role in the context of different neurodegenerative diseases (i.e. Alzheimer's, prion disease, HIV-associated dementia, multiple sclerosis, pain) and on the potential approaches for future therapeutic strategies.

Radical Self-Defense

Author : Anthony Speroni
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1105340848
Total Pages : 739 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Radical Self-Defense by : Anthony Speroni

Download or read book Radical Self-Defense written by Anthony Speroni and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primer on free radicals and oxidative stress. New research shows that oxidative stress causes obesity, pain, aging, inflammation, DNA damage, and virtually every disease you can name. Many doctors do not even know this yet; but, how fast you age, the pain you suffer, and which disease(s) you develop depends on where free radicals attack. Oxidative stress has no early, significan symptoms or warning signs. It spreads silently, destroying your organs, one cell at a time.--Cover.

Nutritional Self-Defense

Author : Lily Splane
Publisher : Anaphase II Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780945962137
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutritional Self-Defense by : Lily Splane

Download or read book Nutritional Self-Defense written by Lily Splane and published by Anaphase II Publishing. This book was released on 2003-07 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get a fighting chance with "Nutritional Self-Defense." Readers will find the knowledge and tools to combat the daily onslaught of processed fast-foods, pollution, and stress here with authoritative, up-to-date, tables for instant reference.

Neuron Circuits, Electronic Circuits and Self-consciousness

Author : Masakazu Shoji
Publisher : Vantage Press, Inc
ISBN 13 : 9780533159604
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (596 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuron Circuits, Electronic Circuits and Self-consciousness by : Masakazu Shoji

Download or read book Neuron Circuits, Electronic Circuits and Self-consciousness written by Masakazu Shoji and published by Vantage Press, Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique and fascinating scientific detective story that traces the origins as well as the complex mechanisms of human self-consciousness.

Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection

Author : Mark D. Alicke
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 160918002X
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection by : Mark D. Alicke

Download or read book Handbook of Self-enhancement and Self-protection written by Mark D. Alicke and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major volume dedicated to the processes by which people exaggerate their virtues, deemphasize their shortcomings, or protect themselves against threatening feedback. Leading investigators present cutting-edge work on the key role of self-enhancing and self-protective motives in social perception, cognition, judgment, and behavior. Compelling topics include the psychological benefits and risks of self-enhancement and self-protection; personality traits and contextual factors that make certain individuals more likely to hold distorted views of the self; innovative approaches to assessment and measurement; and implications for relationships, achievement, and mental health.

Proceedings of the European Conference on Complex Systems 2012

Author : Thomas Gilbert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 331900395X
Total Pages : 1030 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the European Conference on Complex Systems 2012 by : Thomas Gilbert

Download or read book Proceedings of the European Conference on Complex Systems 2012 written by Thomas Gilbert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Conference on Complex Systems, held under the patronage of the Complex Systems Society, is an annual event that has become the leading European conference devoted to complexity science. ECCS'12, its ninth edition, took place in Brussels, during the first week of September 2012. It gathered about 650 scholars representing a wide range of topics relating to complex systems research, with emphasis on interdisciplinary approaches. More specifically, the following tracks were covered: 1. Foundations of Complex Systems 2. Complexity, Information and Computation 3. Prediction, Policy and Planning, Environment 4. Biological Complexity 5. Interacting Populations, Collective Behavior 6. Social Systems, Economics and Finance This book contains a selection of the contributions presented at the conference and its satellite meetings. Its contents reflect the extent, diversity and richness of research areas in the field, both fundamental and applied.

An Introduction to Modeling Neuronal Dynamics

Author : Christoph Börgers
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319511718
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Modeling Neuronal Dynamics by : Christoph Börgers

Download or read book An Introduction to Modeling Neuronal Dynamics written by Christoph Börgers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a text for a one-semester course on Mathematical and Computational Neuroscience for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics, the natural sciences, engineering, or computer science. An undergraduate introduction to differential equations is more than enough mathematical background. Only a slim, high school-level background in physics is assumed, and none in biology. Topics include models of individual nerve cells and their dynamics, models of networks of neurons coupled by synapses and gap junctions, origins and functions of population rhythms in neuronal networks, and models of synaptic plasticity. An extensive online collection of Matlab programs generating the figures accompanies the book.

Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases

Author : Lei Xi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447129067
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases by : Lei Xi

Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases written by Lei Xi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent hypoxia can cause significant structural and functional impact on the systemic, organic, cellular and molecular processes of human physiology and pathophysiology. This book focuses on the most updated scientific understanding of the adaptive (beneficial) and maladaptive (detrimental) responses to intermittent hypoxia and their potential pathogenetic or prophylactic roles in the development and progression of major human diseases. This is a comprehensive monograph for clinicians, research scientists, academic faculty, postgraduate and medical students, and allied health professionals who are interested in enhancing their up-to-date knowledge of intermittent hypoxia research and its translational applications in preventing and treating major human diseases.

Neuroscience for Clinicians

Author : Eduardo E. Benarroch MD
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190948914
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroscience for Clinicians by : Eduardo E. Benarroch MD

Download or read book Neuroscience for Clinicians written by Eduardo E. Benarroch MD and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience for Clinicians is a comprehensive and clinically relevant survey of emerging concepts on the organization and function of the nervous system and neurologic disease mechanisms. By emphasizing how genetic, molecular, and cellular processes and their interactions control the function of the nervous system, the work will help clinicians understand emerging concepts about the mechanisms of neurologic disorders including neurodegeneration, channelopathies, and synaptic dysfunction that provide potential therapeutic targets . This single-authored textbook utilizes ample figures and tables throughout in order to facilitate retention of the core concepts presented. Divided into 5 sections, the first section includes chapters focused on basic cellular processes. Section 2 includes chapters focused on cell communication while Section 3 focuses on the neuronal microenvironment. The fourth section focuses on the organization and interactions of circuits in the cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, underlying behavioral states such as sleep, sensory processing, and motor control. The fifth section addresses mechanisms of pain and neural control of survival. And the final section covers concepts on mechanisms of emotion, social behavior, memory, language, and executive functions with emphasis on dementia and behavioral disorders.

Neural Interface Engineering

Author : Liang Guo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030418545
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Interface Engineering by : Liang Guo

Download or read book Neural Interface Engineering written by Liang Guo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive reference to major neural interfacing technologies used to transmit signals between the physical world and the nervous system for repairing, restoring and even augmenting body functions. The authors discuss the classic approaches for neural interfacing, the major challenges encountered, and recent, emerging techniques to mitigate these challenges for better chronic performances. Readers will benefit from this book’s unprecedented scope and depth of coverage on the technology of neural interfaces, the most critical component in any type of neural prostheses. Provides comprehensive coverage of major neural interfacing technologies; Reviews and discusses both classic and latest, emerging topics; Includes classification of technologies to provide an easy grasp of research and trends in the field.

Adaptation Biology and Medicine

Author : L.M Popescu
Publisher : ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
ISBN 13 : 8184874707
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation Biology and Medicine by : L.M Popescu

Download or read book Adaptation Biology and Medicine written by L.M Popescu and published by ALPHA SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED. This book was released on 2013-10-17 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become amply clear that all live forms on Earth are the products of the constituent genes expressed under the influence of continuously changing natural environment. By the same token, gene expression is known to be modified by our (or by the modern) environment inclusive of factors such as gravity, altitude, temperature, atmospheric pressure and air quality, physical conditioning as well as nutrition and/or lifestyle. Life would not survive without recruiting endogenous adaptive mechanisms responsive to challenging environmnetal factors, Biology of adaptation as well as application of this knowledge has been discussed in both health and disease conditions such as cardiac ischemia and cardiomyopathies, stroke, dementia, Alzheimer's, cancer, metal toxicity, etc. The book will be of great interest to experimental biologists and health professionals dealing with benefits and failures of physiological and pathophysiological adaptations. It will also serve as an important source of information for young scientists, postdocs and students.

The Neuronal Environment

Author : Wolfgang Walz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592591086
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neuronal Environment by : Wolfgang Walz

Download or read book The Neuronal Environment written by Wolfgang Walz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-12-26 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading neuroscience researchers offer a fresh perspective on neuronal function by examining all its many components-including their pertubation during major disease states-and relate each element to neuronal demands. Topics range from the dependency of neurons on metabolic supply, as well as on both ion and transmitter homeostasis, to their close interaction with the myelin sheath. Also addressed are the astrocytic signaling system that controls synaptic transmission, the extracellular matrix and space as communication systems, the role of blood flow regulation in neuronal demand and in blood-brain barrier function, and inflammation and the neuroimmune system. Insightful and integrative, The Neuronal Environment: Brain Homeostasis in Health and Disease demonstrates a clear new understanding that neurons do not work in isolation, that they need constant interactions with other brain components to process information, and that they are not the only information processing system in the brain.