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Natural History Of Cognition
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Book Synopsis A Natural History of Human Thinking by : Michael Tomasello
Download or read book A Natural History of Human Thinking written by Michael Tomasello and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tool-making or culture, language or religious belief: ever since Darwin, thinkers have struggled to identify what fundamentally differentiates human beings from other animals. Michael Tomasello weaves his twenty years of comparative studies of humans and great apes into a compelling argument that cooperative social interaction is the key to our cognitive uniqueness. Tomasello maintains that our prehuman ancestors, like today's great apes, were social beings who could solve problems by thinking. But they were almost entirely competitive, aiming only at their individual goals. As ecological changes forced them into more cooperative living arrangements, early humans had to coordinate their actions and communicate their thoughts with collaborative partners. Tomasello's "shared intentionality hypothesis" captures how these more socially complex forms of life led to more conceptually complex forms of thinking. In order to survive, humans had to learn to see the world from multiple social perspectives, to draw socially recursive inferences, and to monitor their own thinking via the normative standards of the group. Even language and culture arose from the preexisting need to work together and coordinate thoughts. A Natural History of Human Thinking is the most detailed scientific analysis to date of the connection between human sociality and cognition.
Book Synopsis Natural History of Cognition by : Chuck Baxter
Download or read book Natural History of Cognition written by Chuck Baxter and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Natural History of Cognition: Mind Over Matter offers a general theory of adaptive behavior and explores how consciousness evolved to create adaptive behavior in bacteria through to humans. To continue living, life must select and adapt its behavior to secure energy and materials, which itself requires observation and the selection of evidence in order to build interactive behavioral models. The book argues that information was emergent with life and that the role of consciousness is to use that information to solve problems and correct errors in behavior. The principles of such adaptive behavior are generally applicable throughout all living things but the nervous system of animals has exploited behavior to the greatest degree by far. Using this conceptualization of behavior, humans have been extraordinarily successful in acquiring resources and are now facing problems produced by this success. We have the tools to solve our problems but only if we employ the scientific method, informed communication and justice. The general theory of adaptive behavior presented here is based on Bayesian optimized inferential learning in generative models that are also used in machine intelligence. Evolution has produced consciousness that organizes matter to create choices and control its destiny. Life’s success is based on error correction.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Foundations of Natural History by : Scott Atran
Download or read book Cognitive Foundations of Natural History written by Scott Atran and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-01-29 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by a debate between Noam Chomsky and Jean Piaget, this work traces the development of natural history from Aristotle to Darwin, and demonstrates how the science of plants and animals has emerged from the common conceptions of folkbiology.
Book Synopsis A Natural History of Natural Theology by : Helen De Cruz
Download or read book A Natural History of Natural Theology written by Helen De Cruz and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the cognitive foundations of intuitions about the existence and attributes of God. Questions about the existence and attributes of God form the subject matter of natural theology, which seeks to gain knowledge of the divine by relying on reason and experience of the world. Arguments in natural theology rely largely on intuitions and inferences that seem natural to us, occurring spontaneously—at the sight of a beautiful landscape, perhaps, or in wonderment at the complexity of the cosmos—even to a nonphilosopher. In this book, Helen De Cruz and Johan De Smedt examine the cognitive origins of arguments in natural theology. They find that although natural theological arguments can be very sophisticated, they are rooted in everyday intuitions about purpose, causation, agency, and morality. Using evidence and theories from disciplines including the cognitive science of religion, evolutionary ethics, evolutionary aesthetics, and the cognitive science of testimony, they show that these intuitions emerge early in development and are a stable part of human cognition. De Cruz and De Smedt analyze the cognitive underpinnings of five well-known arguments for the existence of God: the argument from design, the cosmological argument, the moral argument, the argument from beauty, and the argument from miracles. Finally, they consider whether the cognitive origins of these natural theological arguments should affect their rationality.
Book Synopsis Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: A New Synthesis by : Anders Klostergaard Petersen
Download or read book Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: A New Synthesis written by Anders Klostergaard Petersen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: A New Synthesis comprises 41 chapters that push for a new way of conducting the study of religion, thereby, transforming the discipline into a genuine science of religion. The recent resurgence of evolutionary approaches on culture and the increasing acknowledgement in the natural and social sciences of culture’s and religion’s evolutionary importance calls for a novel epistemological and theoretical framework for studying these two areas. The chapters explore how a new scholarly synthesis, founded on the triadic space constituted by evolution, cognition, cultural and ecological environment, may develop. Different perspectives and themes relating to this overarching topic are taken up with a main focus on either evolution, cognition, and/or the history of religion.
Book Synopsis The Mind's New Science by : Howard E Gardner
Download or read book The Mind's New Science written by Howard E Gardner and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2008-08-05 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first full-scale history of cognitive science, this work addresses a central issue: What is the nature of knowledge?
Book Synopsis Visualizing Medieval Medicine and Natural History, 1200-1550 by : Jean Ann Givens
Download or read book Visualizing Medieval Medicine and Natural History, 1200-1550 written by Jean Ann Givens and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visualizing Medieval Medicine and Natural History, 1200-1550 addresses fundamental questions about the interplay of visual and verbal communication in medieval medicine, pharmacy, and natural history. Analyzing images in works as diverse as herbals, jewellery, surgery manuals, lay health guides, cinquecento paintings, manuscripts of Pliny's Natural History, and Leonardo's notebooks, the essays ask: What counts as medical illustration in the Middle Ages? What purposes and audiences do these illustrations serve? How do images of natural objects, observed phenomena, and theoretical concepts amplify texts and convey complex cultural attitudes? Why do we regard some of these images as medieval productions while other exactly contemporary images strike us as typically early modern in character?
Book Synopsis History of Cognitive Neuroscience by : M. R. Bennett
Download or read book History of Cognitive Neuroscience written by M. R. Bennett and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History of Cognitive Neuroscience documents the major neuroscientific experiments and theories over the last century and a half in the domain of cognitive neuroscience, and evaluates the cogency of the conclusions that have been drawn from them. Provides a companion work to the highly acclaimed Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience - combining scientific detail with philosophical insights Views the evolution of brain science through the lens of its principal figures and experiments Addresses philosophical criticism of Bennett and Hacker's previous book Accompanied by more than 100 illustrations
Author :Lev Semenovich Vygotskiĭ Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780306456091 Total Pages :326 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (56 download)
Book Synopsis The Collected Works of L. S. Vygotsky by : Lev Semenovich Vygotskiĭ
Download or read book The Collected Works of L. S. Vygotsky written by Lev Semenovich Vygotskiĭ and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-03-31 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, readers are introduced to Vygotsky's argument for a theoretical and methodological approach to differentiate A "higher" mental functions from the more basic brain processes that other theorists believed were at the center of the psychological apparatus. The famed Soviet psychologist's view of developmental issues as an intricately woven tapestry of functions includes analyses of: - the development of speech and written language - the mastering of attention and mnemonic skills - self-control and the higher, more cultivated forms of behavior - the cultural age, personality, and world view of children.
Book Synopsis The Invention of Tomorrow by : Thomas Suddendorf
Download or read book The Invention of Tomorrow written by Thomas Suddendorf and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A spellbinding exploration of the human capacity to imagine the future Our ability to think about the future is one of the most powerful tools at our disposal. In The Invention of Tomorrow, cognitive scientists Thomas Suddendorf, Jonathan Redshaw, and Adam Bulley argue that its emergence transformed humans from unremarkable primates to creatures that hold the destiny of the planet in their hands. Drawing on their own cutting-edge research, the authors break down the science of foresight, showing us where it comes from, how it works, and how it made our world. Journeying through biology, psychology, history, and culture, they show that thinking ahead is at the heart of human nature—even if we often get it terribly wrong. Incisive and expansive, The Invention of Tomorrow offers a fresh perspective on the human tale that shows how our species clawed its way to control the future.
Book Synopsis Mind as Machine by : Margaret A. Boden
Download or read book Mind as Machine written by Margaret A. Boden and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of cognitive science is one of the most remarkable and fascinating intellectual achievements of the modern era. It brings together psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, computing, philosophy, linguistics, and anthropology in the project of understanding the mind by modelling its workings. Oxford University Press now presents a masterful history of cognitive science, told by one of its most eminent practitioners.
Book Synopsis Behind the Mirror by : Konrad Lorenz
Download or read book Behind the Mirror written by Konrad Lorenz and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt P. This book was released on 1977 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Animal Cognition in Nature by : Russell P. Balda
Download or read book Animal Cognition in Nature written by Russell P. Balda and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1998-09-09 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the editors bring together results from studies on all kinds of animals to show how thinking on many behaviors as truly cognitive processes can help us to understand the biology involved. Taking ideas and observations from the while range of research into animal behavior leads to unexpected and stimulating ideas. A space is created where the work of field ecologists, evolutionary ecologists and experimental psychologists can interact and contribute to a greater understanding of complex animal behavior, and to the development of a new and coherent field of study.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Aging and Cognition by : Fergus I.M. Craik
Download or read book The Handbook of Aging and Cognition written by Fergus I.M. Craik and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive aging is a flourishing area of research. A significant amount of new data, a number of new theoretical notions, and many new research issues have been generated in the past ten years. This new edition reviews new findings and theories, enables the reader to assess where the field is today, and evaluates its points of growth. The chapters are organized to run from reviews of current work on neuroimaging, neuropsychology, genetics and the concept of brain reserve, through the 'mainstream' topics of attention, memory, knowledge and language, to a consideration of individual differences and of cognitive aging in a lifespan context. This edition continues to feature the broad range of its predecessors, while also providing critical assessments of current theories and findings.
Book Synopsis Field and Laboratory Methods in Animal Cognition by : Nereida Bueno-Guerra
Download or read book Field and Laboratory Methods in Animal Cognition written by Nereida Bueno-Guerra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Would you ask a honeybee to point at a screen and recognise a facial expression? Or ask an elephant to climb a tree? While humans and non-human species may inhabit the same world, it's likely that our perceptual worlds differ significantly. Emphasising Uexküll's concept of 'umwelt', this volume offers practical advice on how animal cognition can be successfully tested while avoiding anthropomorphic conclusions. The chapters describe the capabilities of a range of animals - from ants, to lizards to chimpanzees - revealing how to successfully investigate animal cognition across a variety of taxa. The book features contributions from leading cognition researchers, each offering a series of examples and practical tips drawn from their own experience. Together, the authors synthesise information on current field and laboratory methods, providing researchers and graduate students with methodological advice on how to formulate research questions, design experiments and adapt studies to different taxa.
Book Synopsis Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 1456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Brain and Cognition Research / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Brain and Cognition Research. The editors have built Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Brain and Cognition Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Brain and Cognition Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Social Cognition by : Donal E. Carlston
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Social Cognition written by Donal E. Carlston and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 967 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive review of social cognition, ranging from its history and core research areas to its relationships with other fields. The 43 chapters included are written by eminent researchers in the field of social cognition, and are designed to be understandable and informative to readers with a wide range of backgrounds.
