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Natural Disasters And Extreme Events In Agriculture
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Book Synopsis Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture by : Mannava VK Sivakumar
Download or read book Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture written by Mannava VK Sivakumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-06 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural production is highly sensitive to weather and climate-related disasters such as drought, storm and flood. While it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of natural disasters, the resultant disastrous effects can be reduced mitigated through proper planning and effective preparation. This book, based on a gathering of experts in Beijing, discusses ways to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to disaster and extreme events, both by accurate and timely warning, and by impact-reducing countermeasures.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251340714 Total Pages :245 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.
Book Synopsis Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters by : H.P. Das
Download or read book Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters written by H.P. Das and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-05-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the current technological advancement, agriculture is still a vital source of livelihood. It is essentially dependent on weather and climate, and adversely affected by extreme events in this respect. Over the past few decades, extreme events such as droughts, floods, storms, tropical cyclones and forest fires have destroyed economic and social infrastructure and at the same time endangered food security. The agricultural sector is affected through the impact on water resources, damage to crops, rangelands and forests, due to incidence of droughts, locust plagues and wildland fires. While natural hazards may not be avoided, the integration of risk assessment and early warnings, with prevention and mitigation measures, can prevent them from becoming disasters. Improved forecast accuracy and mroe focused information on the location, intensity and duration of climate extremes could underpin efforts to implement more effective risk management strategies. This book, based on state of the art knowledge on the science and application of agricultural meteorology needed to better cope with extreme climate events, should be of interest to all organizations and agencies engaged in planning disaster reduction strategies and mitigation of extreme events.
Book Synopsis Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters by : Haripada P. Das
Download or read book Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters written by Haripada P. Das and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture by : Haripada P. Das
Download or read book Natural Disasters and Extreme Events in Agriculture written by Haripada P. Das and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural production is highly sensitive to weather and climate-related disasters such as drought, storm and flood. While it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of natural disasters, the resultant disastrous effects can be reduced mitigated through proper planning and effective preparation. This book, based on a gathering of experts in Beijing, discusses ways to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to disaster and extreme events, both by accurate and timely warning, and by impact-reducing countermeasures.
Book Synopsis Natural Disaster and Extreme Events in Agriculture by : M. V. K. Sivakumar
Download or read book Natural Disaster and Extreme Events in Agriculture written by M. V. K. Sivakumar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :1107025060 Total Pages :593 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Download or read book Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.
Book Synopsis Disaster Risk Reduction in Agriculture by : Mukhtar Ahmed
Download or read book Disaster Risk Reduction in Agriculture written by Mukhtar Ahmed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-02 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is related to disaster risk reduction in agriculture particularly under changing climate. Climate change refers to significant, long-term changes in the global climate. There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal cause. The planets average surface temperature has risen to about 1oC since the late 19th century and most of the warming occurred in the past 40 years. The years 2016 and 2020 are tied for the warmest year on the record. Similarly, other evidence of rapid climate change includes warming of oceans, shrinking of ice sheets, retreating glaciers, decreasing snow cover, rising of sea level, declining artic sea ice, increased frequency of extreme events, ocean acidification and loss of biodiversity. Hence, climate change impacts, both extreme weather and slow-onset events, have impacted several sectors of the national economies and activities, in particular agriculture and food production, augmented by other challenges be it geopolitical, cost of finance or supply chain related, and in a time of increased food insecurity. Without CO2 fertilization, effective adaptation, and genetic improvement, each degree-Celsius increase in global mean temperature would, on average, reduce global yields of wheat by 6.0%, rice by 3.2%, maize by 7.4%, and soybean by 3.1%. Hence this book is useful as a study material to teach in the field of agriculture and climate change. The book is useful for instructors and postgraduate as well as undergraduate students involved in the study of climate change. The book also provide guidance to multiple stakeholders to design mitigation and adaptation efforts to climate change and ensure food security in the developing world.
Book Synopsis Managing Weather and Climate Risks in Agriculture by : Mannava VK Sivakumar
Download or read book Managing Weather and Climate Risks in Agriculture written by Mannava VK Sivakumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on an International Workshop held in New Delhi, India, this work should be of interest to all organizations and agencies interested in improved risk management in agriculture. In many parts of the world, weather and climate are one of the biggest production risks and uncertainty factors impacting on agricultural systems performance and management. Both structural and non-structural measures can be used to reduce the impacts of the variability (including extremes) of climate resources on crop production.
Book Synopsis Agroclimatology by : Jerry L. Hatfield
Download or read book Agroclimatology written by Jerry L. Hatfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.
Author :The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251345171 Total Pages :174 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Building agricultural resilience to natural hazard-induced disasters by : The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Download or read book Building agricultural resilience to natural hazard-induced disasters written by The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural hazard induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business as usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD?FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on?farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251381941 Total Pages :168 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security 2023 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security 2023 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2023-10-13 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disasters are resulting in unprecedented levels of destruction across the world. These shocks and disruptions affect the functioning and sustainability of agricultural production and threaten the livelihoods of millions of people reliant on agrifood systems. Reducing the impact of disasters in agriculture requires a better understanding of the extent to which these events produce negative impacts in agriculture and necessitates an investigation into the underlying risks that make agriculture vulnerable to the effects of disasters. The FAO flagship report on ‘The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security’ provides a timely and comprehensive overview of how disasters are affecting agriculture and food security around the world. Building on previous work of the FAO on this topic, the report estimates losses caused by disasters on agricultural production over the past three decades and delves into the diverse threats and impacts affecting the crops, livestock, forestry, and fisheries and aquaculture subsectors. It analyzes the complex interplay of underlying risks, such as climate change, pandemics, epidemics and armed conflicts, and how they drive disaster risk in agriculture and agrifood systems at large. The report provides examples of actions and strategies for investing in resilience and proactively addressing risks in agriculture. It demonstrates ways to mainstream disaster risk into agricultural practices and policies and calls for a deeper understanding of the context in which these solutions are implemented.
Book Synopsis The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters by : Debarati Guha-Sapir
Download or read book The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters written by Debarati Guha-Sapir and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work combines research and empirical evidence on the economic costs of disasters with theoretical approaches. It provides new insights on how to assess and manage the costs and impacts of disaster prevention, mitigation, recovery and adaption, and much more.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Extreme Events by : Ali Fares
Download or read book Climate Change and Extreme Events written by Ali Fares and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change and Extreme Events uses a multidisciplinary approach to discuss the relationship between climate change-related weather extremes and their impact on human lives. Topics discussed are grouped into four major sections: weather parameters, hydrological responses, mitigation and adaptation, and governance and policies, with each addressed with regard to past, present and future perspectives. Sections give an overview of weather parameters and hydrological responses, presenting current knowledge and a future outlook on air and stream temperatures, precipitation, storms and hurricanes, flooding, and ecosystem responses to these extremes. Other sections cover extreme weather events and discuss the role of the state in policymaking. This book provides a valuable interdisciplinary resource to climate scientists and meteorologists, environmental researchers, and social scientists interested in extreme weather. Provides an integrated interdisciplinary approach to how climate change impacts the hydrological system Addresses significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of climate change and extreme events Discusses the societal impacts of climate change-related weather extremes, including multilevel governance and adaptation policy
Book Synopsis Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters Insights from Country Case Studies by : OECD
Download or read book Building Agricultural Resilience to Natural Hazard-induced Disasters Insights from Country Case Studies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural hazard-induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long-lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. Drawing from seven case studies, this joint OECD-FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture.
Author :Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Publisher :IWA Publishing ISBN 13 :9781780408132 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (81 download)
Book Synopsis Mitigating Droughts and Floods in Agriculture by : Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)
Download or read book Mitigating Droughts and Floods in Agriculture written by Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, notably of droughts and floods to which the agriculture sector is particularly exposed. While agricultural productivity growth and policy development have allowed to better cope with these risks and reduce overall impacts on the sector and commodity markets, there is substantial room to improve policy responses and co-ordinate across policy domains, including with respect to water rights and allocation, weather and hydrological information, innovation and education, and insurance and compensation schemes. Indeed, drought and flood risks are likely to become a major policy concern as increasing population will increase the demand for food, feed, fibre, and energy, not to mention the competition for water resources, and urbanisation will increase the demand for flood protection and mitigation, raising the issue of the allocation of flood risks across sectors and areas.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on the Impact of Climate Change and Weather Extremes on the United States' Agriculture by : Phu Viet Le
Download or read book Three Essays on the Impact of Climate Change and Weather Extremes on the United States' Agriculture written by Phu Viet Le and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation incorporates three independent essays on the impact of climate change on the United States' agriculture, with each explores a different facet of climate change. There have been heated debates about the potential impact of climate change on the United States' agriculture. Several influential studies such as Schlenker, Hanemann, and Fisher (2005, 2006), Schlenker and Roberts (2006) suggest a potentially large negative impact of climate change on farmland values and crop yields, while others including Mendelsohn, Nordhaus, and Shaw (1994), and Deschenes and Greenstone (2007) believe that there is little impact or the US agriculture could be a major beneficiary of global warming. These opposing results inspired my work to examine another aspect of climate change that has not been carefully addressed in the current literature: the impact of climate and weather extremes. While any individual extreme event cannot be causally linked to climate change, there could be a higher probability of more severe extreme events in the future. There are several potential scenarios in which we may expect more heating, less cooling, and less fluctuations between the extremes with different forms of distributional shifts in climatic conditions, all having the same change in the mean temperature. For example, climate change may result in increased precipitations in Northern America in the form of more droughts and more flooding events. These differential changes in the distribution of climatic conditions may have a subtle impact on agriculture, which could not be identified by studying moment variables such as the mean and the variance of temperatures or precipitations. The three essays inherited two major empirical methods widely used in estimating the impact of climate change: hedonic regression and panel data. Hedonic regressions (also called the Ricardian approach) utilize cross-sectional variations to identify how climatic conditions such as the average temperature or precipitation capitalize in farmland values, and panel estimations that employ within variations to link weathers with annual crop yields or farm profits. However, there is a situation in which both techniques are insufficient. If economic agents have forward-looking behaviors, and under uncertainties, the decision making process will involve a dynamic optimization problem whose a reduced-form approach as derived from either cross-sectional or panel data technique may not truly identify the actual behaviors. I devised an innovative dynamic programming approach built up on the Ricardian method to estimate the impact of natural disasters such as extreme drought events on cropland conversions. In the first essay, using historical crop yield reports paired with high-resolution climate data, I discovered a small and positive effect of a decreasing diurnal temperature range on yields of five major crops including corns, wheat, cotton, soybeans, and sorghum. The asymmetric increases in observed maximum and minimum temperature have resulted in a falling diurnal temperature range across the United States. This effect could help mitigate some potential harmful impacts of climate change in the future, averaging up to a two percent yield offset for summer crops. Meanwhile, little impact on winter crops is expected. Moreover, the overall impact of climate change from a rising mean temperature and less fluctuations is dominantly harmful for most crops. The second essay presents a structural model of cropland conversions with an application to the impact of extreme droughts. Droughts are perhaps the most destructive events to the US agriculture. Extended periods of severe droughts in the late 20th century caused widespread economic damages comparable to that of the Dust Bowl in 1930s. I showed that those events contributed to converting lands from agricultural production to urban uses by damaging soil productivity and lowering farming profits. I concluded the Ricardian approach to estimating climate change impacts is insufficient. Specifically, the Ricardian method works well for equilibrium adjustments by assuming that farm owners are able to make complete adaptations to a changing environment. However, the Ricardian approach fails to take into account the presence of climate extremes whose adaptations are neither possible nor costless. As a consequence, this method may underestimate the true cost of transient events related to climate change such as extreme droughts. This finding carries a significant implication for the future of the US' private croplands. As the US is predicted to experience more precipitations in the future with climate change, it seems that there would be a beneficial impact of more water for crops. It may not necessarily be the case, however. Even with increased precipitations, drought conditions may occur more frequently and intensively. Damages from potentially extreme drought events were not considered in the Ricardian estimates. In the third essay, I examined the impact of extreme heating conditions on prime farmland conversions in California using the hedonic regression technique with a spatial dataset. I focused on the number of extreme heating days, defined as day with the recorded maximum temperature rises above 90 degree Fahrenheit. I found a small but significant nonlinear impact of extreme heating days on farmland conversions. A mild increase in the number of extreme heating days may be good for crops, thus helps keep farmlands in agricultural production. However, too excessive heating is harmful and accelerates conversions out of farming.
