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Mortality Of Veteran Participants In The Crossroads Nuclear Test
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Book Synopsis Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-11-11 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
Book Synopsis The Five Series Study by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Five Series Study written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-04-02 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 200,000 U.S. military personnel participated in atmospheric nuclear weapons tests between 1945 and the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Questions persist, such as whether that test participation is associated with the timing and causes of death among those individuals. This is the report of a mortality study of the approximately 70,000 soldiers, sailors, and airmen who participated in at least one of five selected U.S. nuclear weapons test series1 in the 1950s and nearly 65,000 comparable nonparticipants, the referents. The investigation described in this report, based on more than 5 million person-years of mortality follow-up, represents one of the largest cohort studies of military veterans ever conducted.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Health and Safety by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Nuclear Health and Safety written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Five Series Study by : Susan Thaul
Download or read book The Five Series Study written by Susan Thaul and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-03-16 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 200,000 U.S. military personnel participated in atmospheric nuclear weapons tests between 1945 and the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Questions persist, such as whether that test participation is associated with the timing and causes of death among those individuals. This is the report of a mortality study of the approximately 70,000 soldiers, sailors, and airmen who participated in at least one of five selected U.S. nuclear weapons test series1 in the 1950s and nearly 65,000 comparable nonparticipants, the referents. The investigation described in this report, based on more than 5 million person-years of mortality follow-up, represents one of the largest cohort studies of military veterans ever conducted.
Book Synopsis Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-12-11 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
Book Synopsis Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-06-15 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has long recognized and honored the service and sacrifices of its military and veterans. Veterans who have been injured by their service (whether their injury appears during service or afterwards) are owed appropriate health care and disability compensation. For some medical conditions that develop after military service, the scientific information needed to connect the health conditions to the circumstances of service may be incomplete. When information is incomplete, Congress or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) may need to make a "presumption" of service connection so that a group of veterans can be appropriately compensated. The missing information may be about the specific exposures of the veterans, or there may be incomplete scientific evidence as to whether an exposure during service causes the health condition of concern. For example, when the exposures of military personnel in Vietnam to Agent Orange could not be clearly documented, a presumption was established that all those who set foot on Vietnam soil were exposed to Agent Orange. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee was charged with reviewing and describing how presumptions have been made in the past and, if needed, to make recommendations for an improved scientific framework that could be used in the future for determining if a presumption should be made. The Committee was asked to consider and describe the processes of all participants in the current presumptive disability decision-making process for veterans. The Committee was not asked to offer an opinion about past presumptive decisions or to suggest specific future presumptions. The Committee heard from a range of groups that figure into this decision-making process, including past and present staffers from Congress, the VA, the IOM, veterans service organizations, and individual veterans. The Department of Defense (DoD) briefed the Committee about its current activities and plans to better track the exposures and health conditions of military personnel. The Committee further documented the current process by developing case studies around exposures and health conditions for which presumptions had been made. Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans explains recommendations made by the committee general methods by which scientists, as well as government and other organizations, evaluate scientific evidence in order to determine if a specific exposure causes a health condition.
Book Synopsis Atomic Audit by : Stephen I. Schwartz
Download or read book Atomic Audit written by Stephen I. Schwartz and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1945, the United States has manufactured and deployed more than 70,000 nuclear weapons to deter and if necessary fight a nuclear war. Some observers believe the absence of a third world war confirms that these weapons were a prudent and cost-effective response to the uncertainty and fear surrounding the Soviet Union's military and political ambitions during the cold war. As early as 1950, nuclear weapons were considered relatively inexpensive— providing "a bigger bang for a buck"—and were thoroughly integrated into U.S. forces on that basis. Yet this assumption was never validated. Indeed, for more than fifty years scant attention has been paid to the enormous costs of this effort—more than $5 trillion thus far—and its short and long-term consequences for the nation. Based on four years of extensive research, Atomic Audit is the first book to document the comprehensive costs of U.S. nuclear weapons, assembling for the first time anywhere the actual and estimated expenditures for the program since its creation in 1940. The authors provide a unique perspective on U.S. nuclear policy and nuclear weapons, tracking their development from the Manhattan Project of World War II to the present day and assessing each aspect of the program, including research, development, testing, and production; deployment; command, control, communications, and intelligence; and defensive measures. They also examine the costs of dismantling nuclear weapons, the management and disposal of large quantities of toxic and radioactive wastes left over from their production, compensation for persons harmed by nuclear weapons activities, nuclear secrecy, and the economic implications of nuclear deterrence. Utilizing archival and newly declassified government documents and data, this richly documented book demonstrates how a variety of factors—the open-ended nature of nuclear deterrence, faulty assumptions about the cost-effectiveness of nuclear weapons, regular misrepresentation of and overreaction to the Soviet threat, the desire to maintain nuclear superiority, bureaucratic and often arbitrary decisions, pork barrel politics, and excessive secrecy—all drove the acquisition of an arsenal far larger than what many contemporary civilian and military leaders deemed necessary. Atomic Audit concludes with recommendations for strengthening atomic accountability and fostering greater public understanding of nuclear weapons programs and policies.
Book Synopsis A Review of the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency by : National Research Council
Download or read book A Review of the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-21 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1945 through 1962, the US atmospheric nuclear weapons testing program involved hundreds of thousands of military and civilian personnel, and some of them were exposed to ionizing radiation. Veterans' groups have since been concerned that their members' health was affected by radiation exposure associated with participation in nuclear tests and have pressured Congress for disability compensation. Several pieces of legislation have been passed to compensate both military and civilian personnel for such health effects. Veterans' concerns about the accuracy of reconstructed doses prompted Congress to have the General Accounting Office (GAO) review the dose reconstruction program used to estimate exposure. The GAO study concluded that dose reconstruction is a valid method of estimating radiation dose and could be used as the basis of compensation. It also recommended an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. The result of that recommendation was a congressional mandate that the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), a part of the Department of Defense, ask the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. In response to that request, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency in the Board on Radiation Effects Research (BRER). The committee randomly selected sample records of doses that had been reconstructed by DTRA and carefully evaluated them. The committee's report describes its findings and provides responses to many of the questions that have been raised by the veterans.
Book Synopsis Footprints to a Legacy by : Robert L. Campbell
Download or read book Footprints to a Legacy written by Robert L. Campbell and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2009-04-02 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this sometimes disturbing and frightening memoir of experiences, interviews, and government documents, Robert Campbell seeks to level the playing field for many atomic veterans after he discovered how great a difference could exist between contemporaneous records and later-reconstructed versions of the same nuclear operations. Using the Freedom of Information Act, Robert tried to match real-time data with the footprints (experiences) of veterans who lived it and compare this information, when possible, to later versions postulated by officials who were not present at these operations. Very interesting reading.
Book Synopsis Ionizing Radiation, Veterans Health Care, and Related Issues by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Download or read book Ionizing Radiation, Veterans Health Care, and Related Issues written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :508 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Radiation Exposure from Pacific Nuclear Tests by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Download or read book Radiation Exposure from Pacific Nuclear Tests written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Defense's Nuclear Agency 1947-1997 (DTRA History Series) by : Defense Threat Reduction Agency
Download or read book Defense's Nuclear Agency 1947-1997 (DTRA History Series) written by Defense Threat Reduction Agency and published by Militarybookshop.CompanyUK. This book was released on 2003-09 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This official history was originally printed in very small numbers in 2002. "Defense's Nuclear Agency, 1947-1997" traces the development of the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project (AFSWP), and its descendant government organizations, from its original founding in 1947 to 1997. After the disestablishment of the Manhattan Engineering District (MED) in 1947, AFSWP was formed to provide military training in nuclear weapons' operations. Over the years, its sequential descendant organizations have been the Defense Atomic Support Agency (DASA) from 1959 to 1971, the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) from 1971 to 1996, and the Defense Special Weapons Agency (DSWA) from 1996 to 1998. In 1998, DSWA, the On-Site Inspection Agency, the Defense Technology Security Administration, and selected elements of the Office of Secretary of Defense were combined to form the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA).
Book Synopsis Justice for Atomic Veterans Act of 1998 by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Download or read book Justice for Atomic Veterans Act of 1998 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taming the Rays written by Geoff Meggitt and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of ionising radiation, our understanding of it and of the harm it can cause. How the ways we have measured it and managed it have changed during the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis The Medical Follow-up Agency by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book The Medical Follow-up Agency written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-10 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Medical Follow-up Agency is a national treasure for veterans and for long-term studies of health. Its data resources provide incomparable opportunities to follow very important populations and to ask creative questions about their well-being as well as the occurrence and significance of illness. The Twin Registry provides an opportunity to understand the impact of heredity on health and disease in a population of more than 16,000 pairs of twins (i.e., 32,000 veterans). The Medical Follow-up Agency is a living tribute to the vision, energy, and effectiveness of Michael E. DeBakey, M.D. Dr. DeBakey created the idea for the agency, obtained the appropriate approvals, staffed its initial creation, and 50 years later, spoke on the occasion of its golden anniversary. This sequence of events must be unique in the history of veterans' health and medical research.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Benefits Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :158 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (327 download)
Book Synopsis H.R. 605, Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims Act of 1999; H.R. 690, Relating to Bronchio-alveolar Carcinoma; H.R. 708, Surviving Spouses Benefit Restoration Act; H.R. 784, Regarding Dependency and Indemnity Compensation for Surviving Spouses of Certain Former Prisoners of War; H.R. 1214, Veterans' Claims Adjudication Improvement Act of 1999; and H.R. 1765, Veterans' Compensation Cost-of-Living Adjustment Act of 1999 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Benefits
Download or read book H.R. 605, Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims Act of 1999; H.R. 690, Relating to Bronchio-alveolar Carcinoma; H.R. 708, Surviving Spouses Benefit Restoration Act; H.R. 784, Regarding Dependency and Indemnity Compensation for Surviving Spouses of Certain Former Prisoners of War; H.R. 1214, Veterans' Claims Adjudication Improvement Act of 1999; and H.R. 1765, Veterans' Compensation Cost-of-Living Adjustment Act of 1999 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Benefits and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiobiology and Radiation Hormesis by : Charles L. Sanders
Download or read book Radiobiology and Radiation Hormesis written by Charles L. Sanders and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new information on radiobiology that more clearly refutes the linear no-threshold (LNT) assumption and supports radiation hormesis. Fresh light is cast on the mechanisms of radiation hormesis and the potential benefits of low-dose ionizing radiation in preventing and treating a wide variety of inflammatory and proliferative diseases. It is proposed that these effects may derive from cellular communication via electromagnetic waves directed by DNA, with each cell acting as a quantum computer. Readers will also find close analysis of the negative impacts of radiophobia on many aspects of modern life, including attitudes to imaging technologies, licensing of nuclear power reactors, and preparedness for survival of nuclear war. The book will be of interest to researchers and scientists in radiobiology, radiation protection, health physics, medical physics, and radiology. Specifically, it will provide medical physicians, radiation oncologists, radiation epidemiologists, gerontologists, cell biologists, toxicologists, and nuclear engineers with a wide range of interesting facts and enlightening novel perspectives.
